A study on interactional metadiscourse markers in research articles

Tez (doktora) - Anadolu ÜniversitesiAnadolu Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yabancı Diller Eğitimi Anabilim DalıKayıt no: 1035596Bu çalışmanın amacı Türk yazarlar tarafından yazılmış Türkçe, İngilizce, Amerikalılar tarafından yazılmış İngilizce makalelerde üst söylem öğelerinden iletişimsel boyutunun kullanımını araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla yabancı dil öğretimi alanında yayınlanmış 150 makale, Hyland ve Tse (2004)’ün sınıflaması temel alınarak incelenmiştir. Amerikalı akademik yazarlar ve Türk akademik yazarlar tarafından yazılmış 50şer İngilizce makale ve Türk akademik yazarlar tarafından yazılmış 50 Türkçe araştırma makalesi incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma nitel bir araştırma desenini temel almıştır ve bu nedenle veriler nitel bir çözümleme programı olan NVivo 10’da incelenmiştir. İngilizce araştırma makaleleri uluslararası yayınlanan hakemli dergilerden, Türkçe araştırma makaleleri de ulusal yayınlanan hakemli dergilerden toplanmıştır. Amerikalı akademik yazarların özgeçmişleri kişisel ve kurumsal internet sitelerinden incelenmiş olup, eğitimini (Yüksek Lisans ve Doktora) ABD’lerinde tamamlamış olup bir üniversitede çalışan akademisyenler seçilmiştir. Veriler Hyland ve Tse(2004)’ün sınıflaması temel alınarak incelenmiştir ve bazı öğe gruplarında yapılan pilot çalışma sonrası eklemeler yapılmıştır. Tüm veriler ek öğelerin ilk çözümleme sürecinde ortaya çıkmasından dolayı iki kez incelenmiştir. Etkileşimsel öğelerin frekansları bulunmuş olup yazarlar arasında anlamlı farklılık olup olmadığını belirlemek için istatistiksel test uygulanmıştır (binom testi). Binom test sonucunda etkileşimsel üst söylem öğelerinin araştırma makalelerinde Amerikalı ve Türk akademik yazarlar arasında farklılık görülmüştür. Amerikalı yazarların etkileşimsel üst söylem öğelerini Türk yazarlara göre İngilizce yazılan makalelerde daha fazla kullandıkları bulunmuştur. Türk yazarların bu öğeleri İngilizce araştırma makalelerinde Türkçe araştırma makalelerine göre daha sık kullandıkları gözlemlenmiştir. Alt kategorilerden eminlik, tutum belirteçleri ve ben/biz dili açısından anlamlı farklılılar bulunmuştur

KRİPTOLU PARA BİRİMİ VE İŞLEMLERİNİN MEDİKAL TURİZMİNDE KULLANIMI: YENİ BİR ÖDEME MODELİ

Objective: the purpose of this study is to develop a scale for the use of encrypted currency and transactions in medical tourism as a payment model. Methods: scale reliability was tested using item analysis for internal consistency (coefficient alpha) and test-retest reliability estimates. Principal components factor analysis was used to determine the theoretical fit of the measures with the data. Results: prencipal component analysis for factor analysis was performed and a one-factor solution was provided as expected (eigenvalue = 5,135, 54,1% of the variance explained). The factor loadings ranged from 0.41 to 0.82 among 10 items. Conclusion: the validity and reliability study of the Scale of the Advantages of the Use of Encrepted Currency and Transections in Medical Tourism in Term of Health Service Providers was scientifically conducted and it was found that the scale gave very harmonious results.Amaç: bu çalışmanın amacı, bir ödeme modeli olarak kriptolu para birimleri ve işlemlerinin medikal turizminde kullanımı ile ilgili bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Metot: ölçeğin güvenilirliği ile ilgili iç tutarlılık için madde analizi (alfa katsayısı) ve test-tekrar test güvenilirlik tahminleri kullanıldı. Ölçeğin ölçümlerinin teorik olatak uygunluğu için ise temel bileşenler faktör analizi kullanıldı. Bulgular: faktör analizi için temel bileşenler analizi uygulandı ve beklendiği gibi tek faktörlü (özdeğer= 5,135, açıklanan varyans= % 54,1) bir yapı elde edildi. Faktör yükleri, 10 madde üzerinden 0,41 ile 0,82 arasında bir değerle sıralandı. Sonuç: ölçeğin geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması bilimsel olarak yapıldı ve elde edilen veriler ışığında ölçeğin, çok uyumlu sonuçlar verdiği bulund

INVESTIGANDO AS CRENÇAS E A COMPETÊNCIA DOS PROFESSORES DE EFL EM PRÉ-SERVIÇO RELATIVAMENTE AO ENSINO DA PRONÚNCIA

this study attempted to explore senior pre-service english teachers’ beliefs in english pronunciation instruction and their beliefs in their competence regarding english pronunciation instruction. the participants were 17 senior pre-service english teachers studying at a state university. a modified version of the questionnaire that szyszka (2016) developed was used to obtain data. while descriptive statistics were employed to analyze quantitative data, content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. the findings revealed that most participants had positive attitudes toward pronunciation teaching and perceived themselves as adequate to teach english pronunciation. however, contrary to their beliefs, they claimed they did not have the necessary methodological knowledge to instruct english pronunciation due to their insufficient training.Este estudo procurou explorar as crenças dos professores de inglês sénior em pré-serviço sobre o ensino da pronúncia em inglês e as suas crenças sobre a sua competência relativamente ao ensino da pronúncia em inglês. Os participantes foram 17 professores de inglês sénior em pré-serviço que estudam numa universidade estatal. Para obter dados, foi utilizada uma versão modificada do questionário desenvolvido por Szyszka (2016). Enquanto a estatística descritiva foi utilizada para analisar os dados quantitativos, a análise de conteúdo foi utilizada para analisar os dados qualitativos. Os resultados revelaram que a maioria dos participantes tinha atitudes positivas em relação ao ensino da pronúncia e se considerava adequada para ensinar a pronúncia do inglês. No entanto, contrariamente às suas convicções, afirmaram não possuir os conhecimentos metodológicos necessários para ensinar a pronúncia inglesa devido à sua formação insuficiente

Advantages and Disadvantages of DRG System for Turkey

Since the number and amount of health services tried to be given in health institutions cannot be measured, it cannot be charged as the remuneration of services in other sectors. For this reason, health services should be evaluated, coded, and grouped on the basis of disease, and should be charged within the framework of these codes and groupings. In the light of all these evaluations, the aim of this study is to provide a fair and quality distribution of the health services provided to the community, to provide a fair reimbursement system to the health service providers in return for the health services provided and to provide the maximum quality, the least cost of the health services provided and the reimbursement in health institutions. Diagnose Related Groups (DRGs) system. One of the most important issues in the DRGs system is the process of determining costs clearly, accurately, objectively and up-to-date. This process should be determined not only by hospitals but by the participation of all stakeholders in health services

Association of new coronavirus (COVID-19) with hand hygiene score

Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the interaction between the COVID-19 pandemic and hand hygiene. Material and Methods: This study was planned as a descriptive cross-sectional involving 856 people living in Turkey between March 22 and April 5, 2020. The difference-in-differences-type design was used to investigate the effect of COVID-19 disease on hand hygiene. Results: Accordingly, the participants' average hand hygiene scores before, during, and after COVID-19 were (X) over bar = 3.350234 +/- 1.092372, (X) over bar - 4.603353 +/- 4628307, and (X) over bar = 3.365169 +/- 1.557933. The average age of the participants was (X) over bar 28.68 +/- 9.34 years. According to education level, the scores obtained from the individuals' hand hygiene score showed a statistical difference (p<0.05). According to the difference-in-differences-type design prediction results, the coefficient (16.65898 +/- 3.685992) of (CX)-X-Tr D-Post interaction gave us the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic disease on the hand hygiene scores of individuals. Accordingly, it can be stated that the COVID-19 disease increased 17 points of the hand hygiene score of individuals by approximately 7.196. Discussion: It was seen that hand hygiene gained significant importance during periods of infectious disease outbreaks

An Investigation of the Compassion Level of Health professionals Candidates

The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting the level of compassion and the compassion levels of professionals candidates. The population of this study consisted of 1382 students from Nutrition and Dietetics, Child Development, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Nursing and Health Management. “Demographic Information Form” which was developed by researchers in the literature and Compassion Scale developed by Pommier (2011) and also adapted to Turkish by Akdeniz and Deniz (2016) which able to measure compassion towards others was used as a data collection tool. In the study, 34.7% of the professional health candidates were in the Nutrition and Dietetics Department, 33% were 20 years old and 78.7% were women. The mean score of the Compassion Scale of all students was 4.22 ± 0.24. There was a statistically significant difference (p <.05) between the scores of the first grade to the last grade. A statistically significant difference was found in terms of indifference, seperation, mindfulness, disengagement sub-dimensions and general compassion scale scores. It was determined that compassion levels of health professionals candidates differed in terms of gender, class and income status. In light of the findings obtained, it can be explained in the lessons as a subject of compassion for the awareness of the emotions that will affect the feelings of compassion of the students of the health sciences faculty who will be health professionals of the future

Population size of endemic Rana tavasensis in its terra typica,Turkey

We applied capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods to estimate the population size of the Tavas frog Rana tavasensis in its terra typica. For this purpose,we used Pollock’s robust design in program MARK in the 2011-2015 breeding seasons in its terra typica. Based on the selected model,equal catchability of each individual and absence of temporary migration were found to be the most likely biological hypotheses. Population sizes were estimated as 398,348,275,and 117 individuals during the four study years,respectively. Annual capture probabilities were estimated to average 0.07,and annual survival rates across years averaged 0.19. The year-specific estimations showed a remarkable decline in population size and survival rates. Anthropogenic factors,such as off-road activities,recreational activities,and animal grazing,might have played a role in this decline. This trend provides us with useful knowledge for conservation and management activities. © TÜBİTAK

Examining the Relationship Between Health Professionals' Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Purpose – This meta-analysis aimed to examine health professionals’ job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Design/methodology/approach – This research was conducted using the meta-analysis method, one of the quantitative research methods. A preliminary literature search was conducted to determine keywords over the internet access network. With screening, keywords such as “Organizational commitment,” “Organizational loyalty,” “Job satisfaction,” “job satisfaction,” “Healthcare worker,” “Organizational commitment,” “Organizational faith,” “job satisfaction,” “Job saturation” keywords in Turkish and English were determined. Nine full-text articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 2014–2020 from the electronic databases of Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, EKUAL and Google Academic were included in the meta-analysis. The study’s effect size and publication bias included in the meta-analysis were calculated using the CMA 3 (Comprehensive metaanalysis) program. Findings – The total sample number of the studies included in the analysis is 7,218. According to the random effects model, the overall effect size between job satisfaction and organizational commitment was statistically significant, with a value of 0.544 (confidence interval [CI]; 0.445–0.629; p < 0.05). This effect size was found to be moderate, according to Cohen’s classification. Originality/value – As a result of this meta-analysis, it was determined that there is a mutual interaction between job satisfaction and organizational commitment based on the cause–effect relationship. The findings obtained determined that job satisfaction has more power to affect organizational commitment positively

Effect of COVID-19 anxiety on perceived risks and avoidance behaviors

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the perceptions of individuals concerning the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey and to try to slip out of this perception of the relationship between anxiety and avoidance behavior. Material and Methods: A snowball sampling method was used in this study. Data were collected through an online questionnaire between March 26 and April 1, 2020. A total of 834 persons were surveyed from 81 cities in Turkey. The demographic questions created by the researchers and a perception scale about COVID-19 were used. The data were analyzed with SPSS 25.0 statistical program. Results: Risk perception and anxiety levels of the participants during the COVID-19 pandemic were found to be statistically associated with gender, employment status, income level, general health insurance and the presence of chronic disease (p <0.05). The majority of the participants (83.3%) considered the disease fatal and 59.1% were anxious. The anxiety levels of the participants played a mediator role between perceived risks and avoidance behaviors. Participants' risk perception for the COVID-19 pandemic was 4.22 +/- 0.63, and their anxiety levels were above the average of 3.92 +/- 0.71. Discussion: The perceptions, beliefs, attitudes and psychological responses of communities with increased uncertainty and epidemic effects can act as a vector in the transmission of the disease

Object Segmentation And Recognition Using Gradient Based Descriptors And Shape Driven Fast Marching Methods

Tez (Doktora) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2010Thesis (PhD) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2010Bu çalışmada, aktif çevrit nesne bölütleyici yöntemlerle birlikte kullanılabilecek yeni bir şekil betimleme ve tanıma sistemi önerilmiştir. Önerilen sistem daha önce yapılan çalışmalar gibi aktif çevriti önceden tanımlı şekillerden birine zorlamak yerine, çevrit nesne sınırlarına yapışırken aynı zamanda şekil betimleme yapmayı amaçlamıştır. Aktif çevrit bölütleyici olarak Hızlı Yürüme (Fast Marching) algoritması kullanılmış, Hızlı Yürüme metodu için yeni bir hız işlevi tanımlanmıştır. Ayrıca çevriti nesne sınırlarından geçtiği sırada durdurmayı amaçlayan özgün yaklaşımlar önerilmiştir. Çalışmanın en önemli katkılarından birisi yeni ortaya atılan Gradyan Temelli Şekil Betimleyicisi (GTŞB) dir [1]. GTŞB, aktif çevrit bölütleyicilerin yapısına uygun, sınır tabanlı, hem ikili hem de gri-seviyeli görüntülerle rahatça kullanılabilecek başarılı bir şekil betimleyicidir. GTŞB nin araç plaka karakter veritabanı, MPEG-7 şekil veritabanı, Kimia şekil veritabanı gibi farklı şekil veritabanlarında elde ettiği başarılar diğer çok bilinen sınır tabanlı betimleyicilerle de karşılaştırılarak verilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar GTŞB nin tüm veritabanlarında diğer yöntemlere göre daha başarılı olduğunu işaret etmektedir. Çalışmada geliştirilen bir diğer önemli yaklaşım da Hızlı Yürüme çevritinin nesne sınırına yaklaşırken örneklenerek şeklin birden fazla defa betimlenmesine olanak veren yeni sınıflandırıcı yapıdır. Bu yaklaşım nesne tanımayı bir denemede sonuçlandıran geleneksel yöntemlerin bu sınırlamasını aşarak aynı nesneyi birçok kez tanıma olanağı sunmaktadır. Bu tanıma sonuçlarının tümleştirilmesiyle tek tanımaya göre daha yüksek başarılar elde edildiği çalışmanın ilgili bölümlerinde başarıları karşılaştıran tablolar yardımıyla gösterilmektedir.In this thesis, a gradient based shape description and recognition methodology to use with active contour-based object segmentation systems has been proposed. The Fast Marching (FM) active contour evolving model is utilized for boundary segmentation. A new speed functional has been defined to use first and second order image intensity derivatives. A local front stopping algorithm has also been proposed to improve the boundary handling performance of the FM model. The most critical improvement of the thesis is defining a new shape descriptor called the Gradient Based Shape Descriptor (GBSD) [1]. GBSD is a new boundary-based shape descriptor that can operate on both binary and gray-scaled images. The recognition performance of GBSD is measured on a license plate character database, MPEG-7 Core Experiments shape data set and Kimia data Set. The success rates are compared with other well-known boundary-based shape descriptors and it is shown that GBSD achieves better recognition percentages. A new recognition approach that utilizes the progressive active contours while iterating towards the real object boundaries has been proposed. This approach provides the recognizer many trials for shape description; it removes the limitation of traditional recognition systems that have only one chance for shape classification. Test results shown in this study prove that the voted decision result among these iterated contours outperforms the ordinary individual shape recognizers.DoktoraPh