专利收费制度影响专利行为程度研究

专利收费制度是专利制度正常运行的核心机制之一,其通过调整专利行为影响专利制度运行绩效。通过文献研究发现:专利收费制度对专利申请行为、专利维持行为以及其他专利行为产生影响,且不同国家或同一国家不同时期的这种影响水平存在差异;专利收费制度对专利行为的影响值得重视,但应注意其影响限度。国家自然科学基金面上项目:“基于主客体及环境因素的专利收益影响机制实证研究”(项目编号:71874148,2019.01-2022.12);国家自然科学基金面上项目:“专利维持机理及维持规律实证研究”(项目编号:71373221,2014.01-2017.12

中国专利维持年费制度结构要素及其完善

明确专利维持年费制度结构要素及其作用是优化专利维持年费制度运行机制的基础。综合分析专利维持年费制度理论及其结构要素作用与国内专利权人对其观点或倾向性的问卷调查结果发现:专利维持年费制度的主要目的是通过优化专利收益激励创新;基于收益成本理论,是否缴纳年费决定的困难主要在于专利收益的难以确定性;基于促进创新,专利维持年费结构的"混合制"优于"单一制";基于灵活性,"每年缴纳年费一次"模式优于"每隔几年缴纳一次年费"模式;基于专利收益的不确定性,"逐年增长年费数量"模式比"间隔3年或5年增加年费数量"模式更有利于权利人规避"多交年费"的风险。专利权人对上述观点的支持度存在差异。国家自然科学基金面上项目:“基于主客体及环境因素的专利收益影响机制实证研究”(项目编号:71874148,2019.01-2022.12);;国家自然科学基金项目:“专利维持机理及维持规律实证研究”(项目编号:71373221,2014.01-2017.12

An Empirical Study of the Maintenance Time of the Domestic and Foreign Patents Granted by Different Countries in the Technical Field of Electrics

以中国、美国、德国、日本和韩国授权的发明专利样本为研究对象,对其中电学技术领域专利维持信息统计分析发现,五国授权的国内外专利的维持时间均值差异显著,且国内外专利的维持时间没有绝对大小关系;中国授权的国内外专利维持变化趋势差异大,而美德日韩四国授权的国内外专利维持趋势趋向一致;五国授权的国内外专利的维持变化趋势都有很大不同。The maintenance information of the relevant patents in the technical field of electrics,which were granted by China,America,Germany,Japan and Korea,is empirically analyzed.The study shows that there are many differences between domestic and foreign patents of the five countries in the maintenance time.And it is not correct that the mean maintenance time of the domestic patents is longer than that of the foreign patents,or vice verse.For the patents granted by America,Germany,Japan and Korea,the maintenance tendency of the domestic patents is similar to the foreign patents,while for those which were granted by China,the situation is different.And in terms of the maintenance tendency,no matter the domestic or the foreign patents,the results are distinctly diverse among the five countries.国家自然科学基金项目“专利维持机理及维持规律实证研究”(编号:71373221)资助成

Empirical Analysis of the Maintenance Time of Patents Granted by Different Countries in the Technological Field of Chemical Metallurgy

技术领域是国际专利分类的重要工具,不同技术领域专利应该具有不同的特性。通过不同国家授权的化学冶金技术领域专利维持时间可以在一定程度上反映其专利价值。检索美日韩德法中等国授权的化学冶金技术领域专利相关信息,通过相关软件分析,得出如下结论:不同国家授权的化学冶金技术领域与整体技术领域的专利平均维持时间顺序分别一致;美国授权专利在维持到后期被终止率较高,日德法韩授权专利在维持到中后期时被终止率较高,中国授权专利在维持前期被终止率较高。The technical field is an important norm for the patent classification,and each technical field should have its own characteristics.The values of patents could be reflected by the situations of the maintenance time of patents granted by different countries in the technological field of chemical metallurgy.By retrieving the information of patents granted by America,Japan,Korea,Germany,French and China in the technical field of chemical metallurgy,conclusions based on the related software analysis results can be drawn like the follow-ing : the average maintenance time of patents of this technological field is consistent with the average maintenance time of all technical fields in each country; the terminated patents granted in America are mostly distributed in the last stage,and the terminated patents granted in Japan,Germany,France,and Korea are mostly distributed in the middle and last stages,while most of the patents granted in China are terminated in the early stage.国家自然科学基金面上项目“专利维持机理及维持规律实证研究”(编号:71373221

Empirical Analysison the Effect of Foreign Priority on the Patents Maintenance Time——Comparison Based on the Data of Patents Granted by the U.S., Germany, Japan, Korea and China

[目的/意义]国外优先权及其数量是专利在国外进行布局以及专利价值的重要标志,研究其对专利维持时间的影响对提高创新主体的专利运用能力具有重要意义。[过程/方法]从有无外国优先权和外国优先权数量两个视角分析美国、德国、日本、韩国和中国授权且于2014年法定保护时间届满专利的维持时间进行实证分析。[结果/结论]美国、德国和中国授权的有外国优先权专利的维持时间长于无外国优先权专利的维持时间,日本和韩国授权的无外国优先权专利的维持时间长于有外国优先权专利的维持时间;外国优先权数量与专利维持时间相关性系数较低。[ Purpose/Significance] Foreign priority and the number of foreign priority are important indicators for the patent layout abroad and the patent value. Studying the impact of them on the patent maintenance time is critical to improving the patentability of innovation subjects. [ Method/Process]From the two perspectives of whether there is a foreign priority and the number of foreign priority, the main-tenance time of patents granted by the U. S., German, Japan, Korea and China with the legal protection time expired in 2014 are analyzed empirically. [ Result^Conclusion] The study indicates that the maintenance time of patents with foreign priority granted by the U. S., Ger-man and China is longer than those without i t, while it＇s totally opposite for patents with foreign priority that are granted by Japan and South Korea; the correlation coefficient between the number of foreign priority and the maintenance time of patent is low.国家自然科学基金项目“专利维持机理及维持规律实证研究”(编号:71373221)资助成果

版权保护强度与软件产业发展关系实证研究

研究版权保护强度与软件产业发展的关系问题,对发展我国软件产业十分重要。以多元线性回归模型为工具,通过测量版权保护强度为前提,基于我国2000-2015年软件产业相关数据,分析版权保护强度与软件产业发展的关系。结果显示,2000-2015年期间,在不考虑其他影响因素下,版权保护强度与软件产业发展正相关,且相关性较显著;但是在综合考量版权保护强度、固定资产投资、正版软件收入额、软件产业就业人数、软件产业出口额、网络普及率及盗版软件数量等因素下,版权保护强度与软件产业发展负相关,且相关性较显著,固定资产投资与正版软件收入额与软件产业发展显著正相关,其他因素与软件产业发展无显著相关性。因此,不可一味追求高版权保护强度,而应当\"因地制宜\"加强版权保护,并结合提高固定资产投资和公民正版软件消费意识,方能有助于促进软件产业发展。国家自然科学基金面上项目(71373221);;\n教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(17YJC820017

版权保护强度影响文化产业发展绩效实证研究

研究加强版权保护是否促进或多大程度促进文化产业发展,对推动中国文化产业发展具有重要意义。构建版权保护强度测度指标体系,基于2000-2015年期间中国相关数据测度版权保护强度系数,并运用线性回归方法分析版权保护强度对文化产业发展绩效的影响程度。结果显示:中国版权保护强度总体不断增强,其中文化产业增加值与版权保护强度成\"U\"型相关关系,其中\"U\"型拐点出现在版权保护强度为2.945的节点上,此时正值2003-2004年期间;文化产业就业人员数、人文发展指数与文化产业发展成正相关关系,互联网普及率对文化产业增加值的影响不显著。未来提升版权保护强度有助于提高文化产业的发展绩效。国家自然科学基金面上项目(71373221

Research on the affecting factors of the patent maintenance time based on number of patent claim

作为专利制度核心的权利要求决定了技术方案的保护深度和广度。作为权利要求关键指标的权利要求数对专利价值,尤其是对专利维持时间的影响程度如何,需要深入研究。基于中国、美国、德国、法国、日本与韩国授权专利数据,采用Logistic模型分析专利权利要求数与维持时间之间的关系发现:除日本和韩国授权专利外,权利要求数对专利维持时间存在正向影响。同时发现,基于专利文献来研究权利要求对维持时间的影响具有一定局限性。Patent claim is the core of the patent,which determines the scope of legal protection of the invention. The number of patent claims may serve as an important characteristic of patent. However,few publications have been available for the relationship between the number of patent claims and the patent maintenance time. This paper explained the Logistic regression model in detail. It used the data of patent granted in 1994 from China,America,Germany,France,Japan and South Korea to analyze the effects of the number of patent claims on the patent maintenance time. The empirical results shows that the number of patent claims could affect the probability of the length of patent maintenance time. We also found that the circumstances are significantly different in Japan and South Korea. It also shows the limitation of research based on patent literature.国家自然科学基金资助项目(71373221

Empirical Studies of the Relationship of the Claims Number and the Maintenance Time of Patents: Based on the Data of Patents Granted by China and Japan

权利要求及其数量通过影响专利申请质量、权利保护范围、专利价值和质量以及专利诉讼风险等反映专利收益的指标影响专利维持时间。分析中国和日本授权专利权; 利要求数与维持时间关系发现:中国授权专利权利要求均数越大,其维持时间越长,而日本授权专利的权利要求均数随维持时间的延长,出现先增加后减少的趋势;; 中国和日本授权专利的权利要求数与维持时间的相关性区间和程度不同。Claims and its number influence the patent maintenance time by the; quality of patent applications, the scope of rights protection, the; quality and value of patents and the patent litigation risks, which are; indicators of the patent income. Analysis of the relationship of the; claims number and the maintenance time of patents granted by China and; Japan found, the more the mean number of claims, the longer the; maintenance time of patents by granted China. While with the maintenance; time longer, the mean number of claims show the tendency of first rises; then drops for patents granted by Japan. There are differences in the; periods and the degree of the correlation of the claims number and the; maintenance time of patents granted by China and Japan.国家自然科学基金项

Comparative Study on the Patent Maintenance Fees Systems of High Income Countries in Europe

本文综合分析欧洲25个高收入国家的专利维持年费制度,探索专利维持年费制度的激励机理,归纳出专利维持年费制度及其收费标准的特点,并对中国专利维持年费制度提出建议： 自申请日起第三年至第六年开始缴纳年费更具有合理性;专利维持年费数额规定较高,需结合我国的经济发展水平重新调整;不完全逐年增长模式在在理论层面上更具有合理性.Comprehensively analyzed the patent laws in 25 high income countries in Europe, studied on the incentivemechanism of the patent maintenance fees system, then then put forward some suggestions based on the characteristics o f thepatent maintenance fees systems and the charging standards： I f s o f more reasonable to begin to pay maintenance fees from thethird to sixth year after the filing date o f the application; the maintenance fees amount in China is higher, which needs to befurther explored with the specific economic o f our country; the incomplete year-on-year growth model with the same amountduring a few years is theoretically more advantageous.国家自然科学基金项目“专利维持机理及维持规律实证研究”（项目编号：71373221）资助成果