棉花品种间土壤Nmin异同及氮肥推荐技术研究

在滴灌条件下,利用流动分析仪测定基因型差异较大的陆地棉和海岛棉在不同施氮水平下,各主要生育期0~60 cm土壤无机氮含量,对土壤氮素营养诊断及氮肥推荐技术基因型间的异同进行试验研究。结果表明:不同棉花品种0~20 cm土壤Nmin含量与施氮量和产量均有显著的正相关关系,采样深度增加相关性降低,品种间基肥和追肥总量氮肥推荐指标差异不显著,可采用同一标准。但由于2个品种各时期吸收氮的能力不同,不同品种主要生育时期最佳供氮量,植株全氮含量和收获后0~60 cm土壤硝态氮残留量都有一定差异

Study on cotton Nitrogen Nutrition Diagnosis and Model Verify in Field

本文通过南疆滴灌和畦灌条件下氮肥田间试验，利用流动分析仪和反射仪测定棉花主要生育期土壤Nmin含量和植株倒四叶叶柄硝酸盐浓度，对土壤、植株氮素营养诊断及氮肥推荐技术基因型间的异同性进行研究，对土壤、植株测试氮肥推荐小区模型进行田间检验和优化并确定了适宜的取样点,主要结论如下：两栽培棉种间间0-20cm土壤Nmin含量、倒四叶叶柄硝酸盐浓度与施氮量和产量均有显著的正相关关系，取样深度增加相关性降低，两栽培棉种氮肥基肥和追肥总量推荐指标差异不显著，可采用同一标准，两栽培棉种主要生育时期最佳供氮量，植株全氮含量和收获后0～60cm土壤硝态氮残留有一定差异。两栽培棉种间在适量供氮土壤上叶柄硝酸盐浓度差异不显著，可采用统一的指标推荐追氮量。土壤Nmin氮肥推荐模型田间检验结果与小区模型差异不大，优化施氮能起到高产、节肥、提高氮肥利用率、有效降低土壤NO3—N含量的作用，过量施氮棉田经模型优化后施氮量显著降低（畦灌37.75%，滴灌25.75%）且产量降低很少（畦灌0.87%），甚至增加（滴灌0.36%），通过进一步对模型参数的优化，模型可以作为棉花氮肥推荐技术应用于大田推广中。而植株硝酸盐浓度测试氮肥推荐技术田间检验结果与小区模型差异较大，小区模型没有在大田得到验证。对宽行、窄行及裸地取样点的分析表明，宽行和窄行取样点的根层土壤Nmin含量与施氮量有显著的正相关关系，宽行中线处是较适宜的取样点。under drip and routine irrigation condition, making use of the Continuous Flow Analysis and Reflectoquanto measure the soil Nmin content and the 4th expanding petiole NO3- concentration to test the soil and plant nitrogen fertilizer recommending model in south Xinjiang. Comparing soil and plant nutrition diagnosis and the nitrogen fertilizer recommendation models with upland and island cotton. Testing and optimizing the former model，confirming the better sample point .Results showed： The 0-20cm soil Nmin、The fourth petiole nitrate concentration content in two cotton varieties was positive correlated with rates of N applied and yield，the sampling depth increase the correlation reduces , there is not remarkable different in total nitrogen quantity of base and topdressing model between the two genotypes, which can adopt a unified recommended model . The two genotypes measurements have the certain differences in the appropriate N recommendation of the main growth stages,the plant total N content,and 0-60cm soil layer NO3--N remains after harvest.It was unnecessary to take the genotypic difference into account in a reasonable nitrogen topdressing． soil Nmin checkout result has little different with former experiment model ，the optimized treatments can save the nitrogen fertilizer，increased N recovery ，lessen the soil NO3--N content . through optimizing ， the N fertilization of N excessive cotton field decrease 37.75% （basin irrigation ）and 25.75%（drip irrigation），the yield decrease less 0.87% （basin irrigation ）,even increase 0.36%（drip irrigation） it can apply to the field after the further optimization .but the plant NO3- concentration test result is obviously different with former experiment model, it failed to be verified in field . through analysing the broad 、narrow membrace and ridge midpoint sample position of cotton field ，The broad 、narrow membrane sample root soil Nmin content were positive correlated with rates of N applied ，the better sample point is midpoint of broad membrane

棉花品种间植株氮肥推荐技术的研究

在滴灌条件下,利用反射仪测定基因型差异较大的两棉花品种在不同施氮水平下主要生育期植株倒四叶叶柄硝酸盐浓度,对植株氮素营养诊断及氮肥推荐技术基因型间的异同进行了试验研究。结果表明:两品种叶柄硝酸盐浓度与施氮量和产量均有显著的正相关关系。品种间在适量供氮及高肥力土壤上叶柄硝酸盐浓度差异不显著,可采用统一的指标推荐追肥量

荒漠地区公路建设环境保护与生态恢复技术

《荒漠地区公路建设环境保护与生态恢复技术》项目组通过资料收集、理论分析、室内外试验和工程实践,系统开展了荒漠地区公路建设与自然环境相互影响、荒漠地区公路建设的生态环境敏感性、荒漠地区公路建设环境保护与生态恢复技术集成以及典型区域公路建设环保与生态建设示范四方面研究,取得了如下主要创新性成果： 1．分析揭示了荒漠地区公路与环境的相互影响关系,建立了公路建设环境保护与生态恢复的基础平台。 2. 提出了荒漠地区公路路域生态功能重要性、环境敏感性和景观类型区划的原则与方法,建立了相应的区划体系。 3．构建了荒漠地区公路路域生态修复技术评价指标体系和评价数学模型。 4．提出了荒漠..