厦门市2004-2009年居民恶性肿瘤死亡原因分析

目的了解厦门市居民2004-2009年恶性肿瘤死亡的原因和分布特征,为恶性肿瘤的防治工作提供依据。方法应用死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)及潜在减寿率(PYLL率)等指标分析居民恶性肿瘤死亡情况。结果恶性肿瘤年平均死亡率为148.07/10万,PYLL率为21.68‰,均居全死因的首位。在恶性肿瘤中,肝癌死亡率35.24/10万,居第1位,其次是肺癌、食管癌、胃癌、肠癌。1～14岁儿童、中青年、老年组的首位恶性肿瘤死因分别是白血病、肝癌、肺癌,恶性肿瘤的平均PYLL为0.13人年/人,全人群主要恶性肿瘤按PYLL率排序,依次为肝癌(0.590%)、肺癌(0.346%)、食管癌(0.334%)、胃癌(0.226%)、肠癌(0.129%)。结论恶性肿瘤是导致居民死亡的首要死因,应根据不同人群、不同肿瘤的特点,采取综合性干预措施,加强环境保护,改变不良的生活习惯,对降低居民恶性肿瘤死亡率有十分重要的意义

澜沧江云南吻孔鲃的耳石年轮特征及其年龄鉴定

通过对采自澜沧江支流补远江的云南吻孔鲃(Poropuntius huangchuchieni)微耳石的微结构和年轮特征的观察,探讨了耳石在鉴定热带地区鱼类年龄中的应用。结果表明:在当年个体的微耳石磨片上没有形成明暗交替的环带,但在高倍镜下可观察到清晰的日轮;通过计数日轮的方法判断了云南吻孔鲃当年个体的日龄在135~348 d,推算云南吻孔鲃的繁殖时间为12月到翌年6月,主要集中在每年1—4月;1龄以上个体耳石磨片上形成了明暗交替的环带,在透射光下明带向暗带过渡的区域为年轮;补远江水温和水位的周年变化是年轮形成的主要原因,暗带形成时间为补远江水温最高、水位逐渐升高的季节;亮带形成于水温和水位均较低的季节;通过计数耳石年轮数量,判断雄性年龄组成为1~5龄,雌性年龄组成为1~6龄

雅鲁藏布江黑斑原鮡繁殖生物学研究

对2004—2006年采集于雅鲁藏布江拉萨河的190尾黑斑原鮡进行了繁殖生物学研究。雄性最小性成熟（精巢Ⅳ期）个体体长141.7mm,体重45.2g,性体指数1.09%,雌性最小性成熟（卵巢Ⅳ期）个体体长146.8mm,体重66.7g性体指数11.52%,相应年龄均为5龄。初次性成熟年龄（L50）：♂,170.1mm相应年龄为7龄;♀,150.2mm,相应年龄5龄。通过组织切片法和GSI的周年变化分析,繁殖时间集中在5—6月,每年繁殖一次,繁殖之后的6—8月卵巢从Ⅵ期回复到Ⅲ期,9月卵巢发育到Ⅳ期越冬。卵径频率分布显示,卵巢发育类型为分批同步型,卵巢中至少存在2批卵径,每年成熟一批卵并同时产出,产卵类型为完全同步产卵。卵黏性,成熟卵卵径在2.04—3.37mm之间,平均（2.83±0.16）mm。对19尾产卵前夕（体长为151.0—210.0mm）的标本进行统计,其绝对繁殖力范围在525—2058粒之间,平均为（1244±346）粒,相对繁殖力为（14.7±5.8）粒/g。绝对繁殖力与体长呈直线正相关,表达式为F=13.624L-1187

雅鲁藏布江黑斑原鮡繁殖生物学研究

对2004—2006年采集于雅鲁藏布江拉萨河的190尾黑斑原鮡进行了繁殖生物学研究。雄性最小性成熟(精巢Ⅳ期)个体体长141.7mm,体重45.2g,性体指数1.09%,雌性最小性成熟(卵巢Ⅳ期)个体体长146.8mm,体重66.7g性体指数11.52%,相应年龄均为5龄。初次性成熟年龄(L50):♂,170.1mm相应年龄为7龄;♀,150.2mm,相应年龄5龄。通过组织切片法和GSI的周年变化分析,繁殖时间集中在5—6月,每年繁殖一次,繁殖之后的6—8月卵巢从Ⅵ期回复到Ⅲ期,9月卵巢发育到Ⅳ期越冬。

我国圈养和野生东北虎种群线粒体基因组遗传多样性的比较研究

东北虎（Panthera tigris altaica）是体型最大的猫科（Felidae）动物之一，是极具代表性的珍稀野生动物。现有研究表明，我国野生东北虎种群遗传多样性较低、近交水平较高。尽管目前我国野生东北虎的数量在逐步增长，但通过人工干预来提高野生东北虎的遗传多样性会更利于其数量的恢复，通过野化放归进行遗传拯救是一种关键策略，但实施遗传拯救之前，必须确定圈养个体与现存野生个体间的遗传关系。采用粪便DNA的高通量测序数据组装了51只横道河子圈养东北虎和13只完达山、老爷岭等地的野生东北虎的线粒体基因组，分析两者之间的关系，评估线粒体基因组的遗传多样性。结果表明：圈养东北虎的遗传多样性高于野生种群，所有遗传变异均为无害。部分圈养个体与野生种群同属一个进化支，且具有野生种群所不包含的遗传变异，可用于实施遗传拯救。此外，圈养种群存在显著的遗传分化，一个与当前野生种群关系很远的分支可能代表未知的地理种群，因此，建议对该远缘分支开展野外来源的追溯，确定其谱系地理学地位和保护价值，使其成为恢复野外历史遗传多样性的后备资源

Prediction of Energy Resolution in the JUNO Experiment

International audienceThis paper presents the energy resolution study in the JUNO experiment, incorporating the latest knowledge acquired during the detector construction phase. The determination of neutrino mass ordering in JUNO requires an exceptional energy resolution better than 3% at 1 MeV. To achieve this ambitious goal, significant efforts have been undertaken in the design and production of the key components of the JUNO detector. Various factors affecting the detection of inverse beta decay signals have an impact on the energy resolution, extending beyond the statistical fluctuations of the detected number of photons, such as the properties of liquid scintillator, performance of photomultiplier tubes, and the energy reconstruction algorithm. To account for these effects, a full JUNO simulation and reconstruction approach is employed. This enables the modeling of all relevant effects and the evaluation of associated inputs to accurately estimate the energy resolution. The study reveals an energy resolution of 2.95% at 1 MeV. Furthermore, the study assesses the contribution of major effects to the overall energy resolution budget. This analysis serves as a reference for interpreting future measurements of energy resolution during JUNO data taking. Moreover, it provides a guideline in comprehending the energy resolution characteristics of liquid scintillator-based detectors

Measurement of integrated luminosity of data collected at 3.773 GeV by BESIII from 2021 to 2024

We present a measurement of the integrated luminosity e+e- of collision data collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at a center-of-mass energy of Ecm = 3.773 GeV. The integrated luminosities of the datasets taken from December 2021 to June 2022, from November 2022 to June 2023, and from October 2023 to February 2024 were determined to be 4.995±0.019 fb-1, 8.157±0.031 fb-1, and 4.191±0.016 fb-1, respectively, by analyzing large angle Bhabha scattering events. The uncertainties are dominated by systematic effects, and the statistical uncertainties are negligible. Our results provide essential input for future analyses and precision measurements

Determination of the number of ψ(3686) events taken at BESIII

The number of ψ(3686) events collected by the BESIII detector during the 2021 run period is determined to be (2259.3±11.1)×106 by counting inclusive ψ(3686) hadronic events. The uncertainty is systematic and the statistical uncertainty is negligible. Meanwhile, the numbers of ψ(3686) events collected during the 2009 and 2012 run periods are updated to be (107.7±0.6)×106 and (345.4±2.6)×106, respectively. Both numbers are consistent with the previous measurements within one standard deviation. The total number of ψ(3686) events in the three data samples is (2712.4±14.3)×10^