Corrosion environment evaluation and durability design requirements of coastal concrete bridge

依据JTg/T b07—01—2006《公路工程混凝土结构防腐技术规范》和gb/T 50476—2008《混凝土结构耐久性设计规范》,结合海南一个沿海混凝土大桥的具体环境条件和工程结构情况,对大桥所处腐蚀环境评价中环境分区、环境作用分级以及耐久性设计要求等问题进行了研究。大桥的环境作用分为一般环境、土中环境、海洋环境和滨海环境四个区域。一般环境处于海南东北部沿海腐蚀偏高范围,腐蚀性较高,分级提高加以考虑。土中环境主要由于砖红壤地质腐蚀加重的影响,在工程详细勘探和耐久性设计时给于关注。海洋环境由于海南炎热地区水温高、盐度高会加重腐蚀,耐久性设计中给于考虑。滨海环境主要考虑海洋大气影响范围扩大、影响程度增高、海水入侵和盐渍化影响会不断扩大范围和程度等,对滨海大气和滨海土壤环境的耐久性加以重视。在大桥的设计、施工的不同阶段贯彻和实施规范的技术措施是保证耐久性的关键,对特殊形式和部位的构件和结构耐久性要给于专门措施。According to JTG/T B07—01—2006"Specification for deterioration prevention of highway concrete structures"and GB/T 50476—2008"Code for durability design of concrete structures",The corrosion environmental classification,environmental action grade and durability design requirements of a coastal concrete bridge in Hainan province are researched combining the bridge environment condition and engineering structure.The environment condition of the bridge is divided into four districts:the general environment,soil environment,ocean environment and coastal environment.The general environment is placed in northeast coast of Hainan and belongs to higher corrosion scope.The corrosion is higher so the grade is exalted.The influence in soil environment mainly is the Latosols geology corrosion.at the detailed investigation and design this must pay attention.because of in the south blazing hot region,the water temperature is high and the salt degree is high so the ocean environment will aggravate corrosion,the durability design must considered.The coastal environment mainly considers the ocean atmosphere spread,increasing corrosion degree,the sea water invading and salinization.The durability of the coastal atmosphere and coastal soil environment should be attached importance to.At the different stage of bridge design and construction the specialized technique measure is the key that promises durability.The special form and the part of bridge must carry out the specialized measure

Intellectual Property Rights Protection and Dual Margins of Enterprise's Export Growth in China

基于企业异质性贸易理论框架,本文首先从理论上分析了出口市场的知识产权保护对企业出口二元边际的作用机制。随后,利用2000—2006年中国海关统计的企业出口数据将出口增长分解为扩展边际和集约边际,运用扩展的贸易引力模型实证考察了知识产权保护和不同类型的贸易成本对出口二元边际的影响。结果表明,知识产权保护通过降低企业出口的固定成本提高了扩展边际,但降低了集约边际,知识产权保护主要通过扩展边际促进了出口增长。本文还发现,经济规模、固定贸易成本、地理距离主要通过扩展边际影响出口。上述结论对于区分不同贸易方式、不同所有制企业和不同知识产权保护测算指标的估计依然稳健。It analyzes the impact mechanism of intellectual property rights protection on the dual margins of enterprise's export with the framework of heterogeneous firm trade theory. Then,it decomposes the export growth into extensive margin and intensive margin by using the firm export data from 2000 to 2006 in China,and investigates empirically the effect of intellectual property rights protection on the dual margins of export by using the extended trade gravity model. The results show that the extensive margin is improved by reducing fixed cost of export enterprise because of the intellectual property rights protection,while the intensive margin is decreased. And the intellectual property rights protection promotes China's export growth mainly through extensive margin. In addition,the effects of economic size,fixed trade cost and geographic distances on China's export growth also exert mainly through extensive margin. The above results are robust for the estimation of different trade modes, different ownership firms and different indicators of intellectual property rights protection.国家社会科学基金青年项目“知识产权保护对我国对外贸易的影响及政策研究”(11CJY073)、国家社会科学基金重大项目“经济持续健康发展与收入倍增计划的实现路径研究”(13&ZD029);; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“知识产权制度对中国进出口贸易增长的作用机制与影响路径研究”(20720151181)的资

The biotoxic effect of ZnO nanoparticles on three zooplankton

纳米氧化锌（ZnO-NPs）因其特殊的理化性质而在化妆品、医学抗菌、工业涂料等领域被广泛应用。其通过工业生产、商品使用、空气沉降、运输泄露、地表水径流等途径直接或间接汇入海洋环境，对海洋的生态系统构成潜在威胁。海洋中的浮游动物可以通过摄食影响或控制初级生产力，同时它们的种群动态变化又影响许多鱼类和其他动物资源群体的生物量。开展纳米氧化锌对浮游动物的毒性效应研究，对于了解纳米材料在水体中行为、评价浮游动物对纳米材料的响应、实现纳米材料环境危害性的合理评估具有十分重要的意义。 本研究选取了典型模式种日本虎斑猛水蚤、广泛分布的安氏伪镖水蚤和枝角类代表蒙古裸腹溞这三种浮游动物进行混合培养，分析ZnO...Zinc oxide nanoparticles is widely used in cosmetics, medical antibacterial, industrial coatings and other fields because of its special physical and chemical properties. It is directly or indirectly imported into the marine environment through industrial production, commodity used, air sedimentation, transport leakage, surface runoff, posing a potential threat to marine ecosystems. The zooplankto...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与地球学院_海洋生物学学号：2232014115136

On Word-by-word Practice in Notating the Pinyin of the Quadrisyllabic Idioms in Contemporary Chinese Dictionary

成语的注音和拼写历来引起很大争议。《现代汉语词典》作为规范语文词典 ,在成语注音方面有自己的特色。它强调成语按词分写 ,并且很注意成语内部成分的文言特点。本文利用计量手段 ,对《现代汉语词典》成语注音的按词分写情况进行定量分析 ,凸现特色 ,找出不足 ,促使《现代汉语词典》成语注音能更加完善。Intense arguments have arisen on the phonetic notation and pinyin spelling of quadrisyllabic idioms. As a standard dictionary of language and writing, Contemporary Chinese Dictionary (Xiandai Hanyu Cidian) shows some distinctive features in notating the pinyin of the quadrisyllabic idioms, paying much attention to the features as residue of Archaic Chinese in the constitutive elements of the idioms and notating them word by word. This article offers an analysis of the word by word notating practice in this dictionary using a quantitative approach, managing to indicate its shortcomings in this respect so that this already high quality dictionary could be further improved

Research on Vibration Control for Benchmark Problem of Wind-Excited Tall Buildings

随着我国经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高，城市化进程日益加剧。为了解决更多城市人口的居住问题，高层、超高层建筑大量兴起。众所周知，地震和飓风是严重危害人类的自然灾害。尤其是最近20余年全球发生了许多大地震和强烈龙卷风，造成了非常惨重的生命财产损失。由于人们不能事先准确地知道将来可能遇到的外荷载的大小和特性，而按传统方法设计的结构不具备根据外荷载的变化而变化的自我调节能力，因此即便是按很高的抗震设防烈度来设计，也很难保证高层、超高层结构在遭受到地震作用或飓风侵袭时的安全性。近年来迅速发展的结构振动控制技术为解决上述问题提供了一种有效的途径。因此高层、超高层结构的地震、风振控制研究，是摆在结...With the rapid development of our economy and the increasing improvement of people's living standard, the urbanization progress is sharpening. In order to solve the housing problem for more urban population, high and high-rise buildings are built in a large amount. As is known to all, earthquakes and hurricanes are natural disasters seriously harmful to human beings. Especially in recent 20 years ...学位：工学硕士院系专业：建筑与土木工程学院土木工程系_工程力学学号：2532008115179

Benchmark-problem investigation for seismic response of a large-span cable-stayed bridge based on nonlinear stochastic optimal control

大跨度斜拉桥Benchmark问题的振动控制研究是当前国际结构控制研讨会的重要议题之一。以美国Bill Emerson Memorial斜拉桥第二阶段Benchmark模型为研究对象,在非线性随机动力学与控制的拟哈密顿理论体系框架下,运用基于随机平均法和随机动态规划原理的非线性随机最优(NSO)控制策略,对地震作用下的Benchmark模型进行MATLAB仿真分析。将最优控制力和性能评价指标与线性二次型Gauss(LQG)控制的计算结果进行对比,得出非线性随机最优控制策略能够更加有效地抑制斜拉桥的地震响应,提高结构的动力稳定性和抗震能力,具有更好的控制效果,对实际桥梁工程的振动控制具有较强的指导意义和适用价值。Investigation of vibration control for benchmark problems on large-span,cable-stayed bridge is one of the most important research topics in the current International Symposium on Structural Control. This paper studied secondstage benchmark problems on the Bill Emerson Memorial cable-stayed bridge. In terms of Hamiltonian theory for nonlinear stochastic dynamics and control, the benchmark model under seismic excitations was investigated using MATLAB simulation analysis,based on the stochastic averaging method and stochastic dynamic-programming principle. Comparison of analysis results for optimal forces and performance-evaluation indices between the nonlinear stochastic optimal( NSO)control strategy and the linear quadratic Gaussian( LQG) control strategy revealed that the former control strategy mitigates the seismic response of the cable-stayed bridge more effectively than the latter,thereby enhancing structural dynamic stability and earthquake resistance. In conclusion,the NSO control strategy demonstrates better control effect and presents instructive references and practical significance for vibration control of bridge-engineering applications.福建省青年人才项目(2008F3100

Research and Application of the Advanced Production Planning and Management Mode under the ERP System

论文在充分理解和吸收国外MRPII/ERP先进管理思想的基础上，从基本国情出发，结合企业现状，以实际应用为背景，对ERP环境下的先进生产计划与生产管理模式进行深入研究，取得一定的成果。论文首先讨论了ERP环境下的主生产计划、物料需求计划、能力需求计划的核心思想和基本原理，重点在于对它们的实现和应用的研究，设计并实现了几个主要算法，如MPS编制算法、BOM展开算法、低层码生成算法以及MRP编制算法等。其次，结合笔者的实践心得，总结归纳并提出基于BOM的库存预测模型，实践证明，对于生产周期短、产品结构简单、多品种、大批量生产企业的生产与库存管理，在短期物料需求计划中，与传统的MRP相比，该模型在实...After studying fully on the advanced management thought of MRPII/ERP, we make a deep research, on the basis of the situation of our country and the practice of application, on the advanced production planning and management mode under the environment of ERP and have made some achievements. Firstly, we introduce detailedly the theory and basic principles of the master production schedule, materi...学位：工学硕士院系专业：计算机与信息工程学院自动化系_系统工程学号：20023104

Analysis of Conditional Convergence of China's Regional Economic growth——Empirical Analysis Based on Extensive Solow Model

以Solow模型(1956)为基础,把人力资本和制度因素同时纳入新古典经济增长模型中,构造了一个包含人力资本和制度因素的扩展Solow模型。运用面板数据(Panel data)系统广义矩估计(SYS-GMM)方法,对1978年改革开放以来各省的经济增长差异进行了实证分析。研究结果发现,中国各地区间的经济增长存在显著的条件收敛(conditional convergence)特征,即在控制了各省间人口增长率、物质资本投资率、人力资本水平和制度因素差异后,可以观测到明显的经济增长收敛趋势。Based on Solow(1956) model,the paper introduces human capital and institution into new-classical economic growth model and constructs an extensive Solow model with human capital and institution.The paper draws on SYS-GMM estimation of panel data to carry out an empirical analysis of inter-provincial growth variance across provinces in China since 1978.The results show that the conditional convergence has been identified,that is,given the same level of physical capital investment rate,human capital,market openness and outward opening-up the economic provinces have demonstrated a certain growth convergence.The empirical results show that the extensive MRW model with human capital and institution can explain the phenomenon of inequality in china's districts and its estimation is robust.福建省社科基金项目《内生增长理论最新进展及创新与应用研究》(2007C012)的阶段性研究成