Particle Image Velocimetry——A whole fields technology without disturbs the flow

粒子成像测速(PIV)作为一种新的流场测试技术,不同于传统的热线、探针、雷达等测速方法,是能够在不扰乱流场的情况下(非介入),迅速地捕捉到整个流场速度信息的测量技术。它的出现为复杂流场的研究提供了更直接有效的方法。本文介绍了粒子成像测速方法的工作原理,核心技术,讨论了PIV技术的发展趋势。As an new technique for fluid flow measurement,Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV),which different from the conventional way to measure the flow velocity (pressure probes,hot wires,laser Doppler velocimety),allows for capturing velocity information of whole flow fields in fractions of a second without disturbs the flow.It brings a more efficient way to study the complex flow field.This paper introduced the principle,core technology of PIV,discussed the further development of this new technique

Clinical significance of RRM1, CDX2 expression in different gastric mucosa lesions

目的探讨核苷酸还原酶亚单位M1（ribonucleotide reductase M1,RRM1）、尾型同源盒转录因子2（caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2,CDX2）在不同胃黏膜组织中的表达,并分析其与胃癌发生发展及预后的关系。方法选取中国人民解放军第一七五医院病理科保存的组织蜡快240例,其中胃癌90例、高级别上皮内瘤变30例、低级别上皮内瘤变30例、肠上皮化生30例、浅表性胃炎30例、正常胃黏膜30例,采用S-P免疫组化方法检测6类不同胃黏膜组织RRM1、CDX2表达,进行临床病理相关性分析。结果正常胃黏膜、浅表性胃炎、肠上皮化生、低级别上皮内瘤变、高级别上皮内瘤变和胃癌中RRM1的阳性表达分别为40.0%、66.7%、33.3%、83.3%、83.3%、86.7%,胃癌、高级别上皮内瘤变、低级别上皮内瘤变组RRM1的阳性表达率均显著高于正常胃黏膜组与肠上皮化生组（P〈0.01）,亦高于浅表性胃炎组（P〈0.05）。CDX1的阳性表达分别为16.7%、0%、63.3%、33.3%、76.7%、61.1%,高级别上皮内瘤变、肠上皮化生、胃癌组的CDX2阳性表达率均显著高于浅表性胃炎组与正常胃黏膜组（P〈0.01）,高于低级别上皮内瘤变组（P〈0.05）。240例不同胃黏膜病变中,RRM1与CDX2之间表达呈正相关（rs=0.196,P=0.002）,90例胃癌中RRM1与CDX2之间呈正相关关系（rs=0.223,P=0.034）;RRM1、CDX2表达与肿瘤分化程度密切相关（P〈0.05）,CDX2表达与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期密切相关（P〈0.05）。结论 RRM1、CDX2表达均与胃癌的发生发展及预后有关,均可作为较为理想的肿瘤标志物,用于胃癌的早期诊断和转移的预警。Objective To explore the expression of ribonucleotide reductase M! （RRM1）and caudal- related homeobox transcription factor 2 （CDX2） in different gastric mucosa lesions and evaluate its relationship with the occurrence, development and prognosis of gastric cancer. Methods A total of 240 cases were selected from Department of Pathology of 175th Hospital of PLA, including 90 cases of gastric cancer,30 cases of highgrade intraepithelial neoplasia,30 cases of lowgrade intraepithelial neoplasia,30 cases of intestinal metaplasia, 30 cases of superficial gastritis, 30 cases of normal gastric mucosa. Expression of RRM1 and CDX2 was detected with immunohistochemistry SP method. Results The frequency of RRM1 expression were 86.7% ,83.3% and 83.3% in gastric cancer group, high - grade intraepithelial neoplasia group and low - grade intraepithelial neoplasia group, respectively. The frequencies were all higher than that in superficial gastritis group （66.7% ,P 〈0.05） and that in intestinal metaplasia group （33.3% ,P 〈0.01 ）. The frequency of RRM1 expression was higher in superficial gastritis group than that in intestinal metaplasia group（ P 〈 0.05 ）. The frequency of CDX2 expression were 76.7% ,63.3% and 61.1% in high - grade intraepithelial neoplasia group, intestinal metaplasia group and gastric cancer group, respectively. The frequencies were all higher than that in low - grade intraepithelial neoplasia group （33.3% ,P 〈 0.05 ） and that in superficial gastritis group （0%, P 〈 0.01 ）. In 240 cases of different gastric mucosa lesions, RRM1 expression was positively correlated with CDX2 expression（rs = 0. 196, P = 0. 002）. In 90 cases of gastric cancer, RRM1 expression was positively correlated with CDX2 （ r = 0. 223, P = 0. 034）. The expression of RRM1 and CDX2 were related with the differentiation degree （ P 〈 0.05 ）. CDX2 expression was related with the tumor invasion depth, TNM stages and the lymph node metastasis （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The expression of RRM1 and福建省教育厅B类科技基金资助项目（JB12319

Expression and clinical significance of RRM1,CDX2 in gastric cancer tissues

目的探讨RRM1、CDX2在胃癌组织中的表达,并分析其与胃癌侵袭与转移的关系。方法选取90例术前未行放化疗的胃癌石蜡标本及与其对应正常胃黏膜蜡标本30例,采用SP免疫组化方法检测RRM1和CDX2在两种组织中表达情况,分析二者表达与分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期之间的关系。结果 （1）RRM1、CDX2在胃癌中的阳性表达率均显著高于正常胃黏膜组（86.7%vs 40.0%,P〈0.01;61.1%vs 16.7%,P〈0.01）。（2）90例胃癌中,RRM1与CDX2二者之间呈正相关关系（r_s=0.223,P=0.034）;RRM1、CDX2表达与分化程度密切相关（P〈0.05）,CDX2表达与浸润深度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期密切相关（P〈0.05）,RRM1表达与浸润深度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期无相关（P〉0.05）。结论 RRM1、CDX2可作为较为理想的肿瘤标志物,用于胃癌的诊断和预后的预警。Objective To explore the expression of RRM1 and CDX2 in gastric cancer tissues and its relationship with invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. Methods Expression of RRM1 and CDX2 was detected in 90 cases of gastric cancer without preoperative chemoradiotherapy and 30 cases of normal gastric mucosa using immunohistochemistry SP method. The relationships of RRM1 and CDX2 expression with differentiation degree,tumor invasion depth,TNM stage and lymph node metastasis were analyzed. Results（1）The positive expression rates of RRM1 and CDX2 were both significantly higher in gastric cancer tissues than in those of normal gastric mucosa（86. 7% vs 40. 0%,P 〈 0. 01; 61. 1% vs 16. 7%,P 〈 0. 01）.（2） The expression of RRM1 in 90 cases of gastric cancer was positively correlated with CDX2（ r_s= 0. 223,P = 0. 034）. The expression of RRM1 and CDX2 was related with differentiation degree（ P〈 0. 05）. The expression of CDX2 was related with tumor invasion depth,TNM stage and lymph node metastasis（ P 〈 0. 05）. The expression of RRM1 was not related with tumor invasion depth,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis（ P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion RRM1 and CDX2 can be used as ideal tumor markers in diagnosis of gastric cancer and prognosis.福建省教育厅B类科技基金资助项目（JB12319

导电高聚物/溶液界面SERS效应的诱导产生

导电高聚物是发展迅速风应用广泛的重要电极材料，由于大多数电化学反应发生在导电高聚物/金属和导电高聚物/溶液界面，如果能获得其界面结构的信息，将对导电高聚物表面所发生的电化学反应以及导电高聚物的聚合、降解的机理研究有极大的帮助.但无论是常规电化学技术还是一般光谱电化学技术都难于得到有关界面结构的信息，因为通常情况下较强的导电高聚物膜本体的信号（图1（A）将“淹没”来自界面的信号.所幸的是表面增强拉曼散射（SErS）效应能极大地增强来自紧邻金属和溶液的聚合物单层的信号，因而适合于导电高聚物/金属和导电高聚物/溶液的界面结构的特殊要求.只要导电高聚物膜的厚度不致于影响到来自于高聚物/金属界面的SErS信号，就可以利用其研究高聚物/金属界面的结构，见图1（b）.例如，人们已现场研究了经SErS活化的金电极上吡咯和苯胺的电化学初聚过程￣［1，2］.但据我们所知，由于难于在导电高聚物/溶液界面诱导出SErS效应，目前还没有关于其界面结构SErS研究的正式报导.guI和dEVInE￣［3］通过在铁电极上沉积一层不连续的银岛膜的方法成功地获得了极薄的铁钝化膜（1~3nM）的SErS谱图.本文简要报道利用类似的方法，尝试在诸

基于LTE230潍坊电力无线专网设计与实现

本文针对潍坊通信状况复杂、经费少等现状,结合智能电网配用电通信需求,通过建设LTE230系统,列举了LTE230系统的关键技术。着重分析它在用户信息采集中的应用效果,对比传统的通信网络,具有良好的覆盖效果和传输能力,为LTE230系统的广泛应用提供了良好的示范作用。潍坊科技项目（编号：5206041400TP

21世纪中国金融学教学改革与发展战略

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大尺寸钙钛矿单晶用于整合电路

Large Perovskite Single Crystals for Integrated Circuit

具有世界效率的18.3%的钙钛矿薄膜电池

18.3% RECORD-EFFICIENCY FLEXIBLE PEROVSKITE SOLAR CELL

基于MEMS工艺技术的无线网络压力传感器芯片设计及应用研究

运用单岛膜E型硅杯结构设计及其应力分析数学模型以及半导体MEMS工艺技术,在8英寸硅片上设计并制作出了用于无线网络压力传感器节点的敏感元件IC芯片;通过结果转化与表面钝化处理、芯片厚度加工工艺控制,拓展各个参数性能指标,改变测试方法和条件,实现扩大芯片功能和应用范围的目的,使得量程、品种繁杂的芯片,转换为量程宽泛与功能强大的敏感元件,提高了批量化生产能力,拓展了芯片在物联网中的应用