Contracting Administration:An Emerging New Model of Public Governance

与基于权力理念的传统权威行政不同，契约行政是建立在现代契约理念基础上的、以行政契约为主要手段的一种新的政府治理模式，它很大程度上意味着政府的主要协调机制从公法向私法转变。笔者从契约主义的相关理论入手，试图构建作为现代政府治理新模式的契约行政的概念框架、运作机制并对其进行成效分析。第一部分：契约行政的概念基础。包括契约和契约行政的概念以及契约主义的相关理论。第二部分：契约行政的兴起。传统权威行政模式的失效和当代政府治理变革为契约行政的兴起提供了前提条件和环境背景。在此基础上，阐释作为现代政府治理新模式的契约行政的特征。第三部分：契约行政的类型与运行机制分析。在前两部分的基础上，进一步对契约行政的...Differing from the traditional authority administration basing on the concept of authority, contracting administration is a new model of governmental administration which is based on modern concept of contract and which adopts administrative contracts as major methods. To a great extent, it means the transformation of major governmental coordination mechanism from public law to private law.This pa...学位：管理学硕士院系专业：法学院政治学与行政学系_行政管理学号：20020603

A Study on Lean Six Sigma in F Company Process Improvement

本文基于精益六西格玛的相关理论，综合运用精益六西格玛理念于F公司制程改善的实际案例，通过对精益六西格改善过程的实施过程及效果的研究，验证了通过推行精益六西格玛管理体系，能够提升生产效率，提高产品质量，从而降低公司成本，提高客户满意度和企业竞争能力。本文分为六个章节，第一章说明研究的背景和意义。第二章综合介绍了精益六西格玛的相关理论及六西格玛与精益的异同。第三章首先介绍了行业背景和公司状况，以及公司工艺过程。然后运用传统的六西格玛的DMAIC步骤，进行问题的界定，测量，分析。首先指出表面贴装制程的良率以及生产效率存在的问题，然后建立团队确立改进的目标。通过收集相关数据，分析相关过程并对测量系统进...A case study for process improvement, used Six Sigma lean concept and methodology, the author study the improvement process, and used statistical method to verify the improvement effectiveness. The article reveal six sigma lean methodology and concept can improve the manufacturing productivity, product quality, reduce the cost, improve the customer’s satisfaction and the enterprise competition. Th...学位：工商管理硕士院系专业：管理学院_工商管理硕士(MBA)学号：1792012115081

Rapid determination of 1,2-propylene glycol and glycerol in refill fluids for electronic cigarettes by Raman spectroscopy

为实现电子烟烟液主要成分的简便快速检测,建立了同时测定电子烟烟液中1,2-丙二醇和丙三醇含量的拉曼光谱分析方法,利用该方法测定了17个电子烟烟液; 样品,并与气质联用法进行了结果比较。结果表明:①1,2-丙二醇和丙三醇分别在0.125~0.956和0.106~1.120; g/mL时,以522和671 cm~(-1)特征信号峰强度绘制的标准工作曲线线性关系良好(R~2>; 0.999),单样本和独立样本t检验结果证实方法的准确性较高。②17个电子烟烟液样品中,1,2-丙二醇和丙三醇的含量分别为0.533~0.766; 和0.182~0.476; g/mL。该方法与气质联用法检测结果的配对样本t检验结果表明,在95%置信概率下,两种方法的定量结果一致。该方法不需进行样品前处理,更适用于批量; 电子烟烟液中1,2-丙二醇和丙三醇的快速定量分析。A simple and rapid Raman spectroscopy method for simultaneous; determination of 1,2-propylene glycol and glycerol in refill fluids for; electronic cigarettes was developed. Samples of 17 refill fluids were; analyzed by a portable Raman spectrometer,and the data were compared; with those determined by GC-MS. The results showed that: 1) The standard; curves of 1,2-propylene glycol and glycerol determined at the Raman; intensity of 522 and 671 cm~(-1) possessed good correlation coefficients; (R~2 above 0.999) in the content range of 0.125-0.956 and 0.106-1.120; g/mL,respectively. The results of one sample t-test and independent; sample t-test indicated that the Raman method was accurate. 2) The; contents of 1,2-propylene glycol and glycerol in 17 refill fluids were; in the range of 0.533-0.766 and 0.182-0.476 g/mL, respectively. The; result of paired sample t-test showed that the data determined by Raman; spectroscopy were consistent with those obtained by GC-MS at a; confidence level of 95%. Without sample pretreatment, Raman spectroscopy; method is simple to operate and more suitable for the rapid quantitative; determination of 1,2-propylene glycol and glycerol in batches of refill; fluids for electronic cigarettes.浙江中烟工业有限责任公司科技项

L-羟脯氨酸寡肽混合物的高效液相色谱分离与质谱分析

研究了三氯氧磷辅助下L-羟脯氨酸的成肽反应,建立了采用反相高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱联用技术分离鉴定羟脯氨酸寡肽混合物的方法,优化了L-羟脯氨酸寡肽混合物的色谱分离条件。实验以YWG C8柱(10μm,250mm×10mm)为分离柱,以乙腈-0.06%三氟乙酸水溶液(体积比为2∶98)为流动相进行等度洗脱,在正离子模式下对洗脱物进行了电喷雾电离串联质谱鉴定。结果显示,分离出的各组分分别为L-羟脯氨酸二肽、L-羟脯氨酸环二肽和L-羟脯氨酸三肽

Expression of the Soluble Human Fas Ligand in Dictyostelium discoideum

［中文文摘］用PCR扩增从激活的人中性粒细胞中得到的编码可溶性Fas配体胞外区中第14 1个到第2 81个氨基酸的cDNA ,将其与hCG_β信号肽片段融合到质粒MB12neo中,随后导入到盘基网柄菌AX3细胞中,得到分泌性表达hFasL的重组菌AX3_H3。为提高shFasL的表达量,对质粒pMB12neo作了改造,得到衍生质粒pMB74。利用质粒pMB74克隆表达shFasL ,得到高通量表达shFasL的重组菌AX3_pLu8。在复杂培养基HL_5C中,重组菌的细胞密度可达(1 5～2 )×10 7 mL ,AX3_H3及AX3_pLu8分泌的shFasL浓度分别为2 3 5 μg L及2 0 6 μg L。利用合成培养基SIH培养重组菌AX3_H3及AX3_pLu8,细胞密度均达到(4～5 )×10 7 mL ,shFasL浓度则分别达到111μg L和4 2 0 μg L。［英文文摘］An expression system is described for high-yield production of recombinant soluble human FasL (shFasL) in Dictyostelium discoideum cells. DNA encoding amino acids 141～281 of hFasL was PCR amplified from cDNA derived from activated human neutrophils. The resulting product was fused with a DNA fragment encoding hCG-β signal peptide and cloned in the expression vector pMB12neo. Dictyostelium strain AX3 was transfected with this plasmid, yielding a recombinant strain called AX3-pCESFL95-H3. In order to mprove the shFasL expression level , pMB12neo was optimized by replacing its transcriptional terminatorPpolyadenylation segment of the 2H3 gene with an actin8 terminatorPpolyadenylation segment , yielding derived expression vector pMB741 The recombinant Dictyostelium strain called AX3-pLu8 was generated with this new plasmid. When the recombinant cells were cultivated in a complex HL-5C medium, a cell density of (115～2) ×107PmL was reached , and the shFasL level expressed by strains AX3-pCESFL95-H3 and AX3-pLu8 was 2315 μgPL and 206μgPL , respectively. By using a newly developed synthetic medium called SIH as culture medium, higher cell density of (4～5) ×107PmL was achieved. Correspondently, 111 μgPL and 420 μgPL shFasL were secreted by recombinant strains AX3-pCESFL95-H3 and AX3-pLu8 ,respectively.国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.20306025,30370039

高表达的溶血卵磷脂酰基转移酶4促进胰腺癌细胞增殖的作用

目的探讨溶血卵磷脂酰基转移酶4（LPCAT4）在胰腺癌中的表达水平及其对胰腺癌细胞增殖的影响。方法在本研究中，利用在线数据库LinkedOmics在线分析KRAS突变型与野生型胰腺癌患者差异表达基因，使用阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校癌症数据分析（UALCAN），桑格生信分析平台（Sangerbox 3.0）和表达谱交互分析2（GEPIA2）分析LPCAT4在胰腺癌组织中的表达情况。使用Kaplan-Meier Plotter数据库探究LPCAT4与胰腺癌患者预后的相关性，采用实时荧光定量PCR方法和Western blot检测人胰腺癌细胞系中LPCAT4的表达水平。在高表达LPCAT4的SW1990敲降LPCAT4，在低表达LPCAT4的MIA PaCa-2细胞系中过表达LPCAT4，通过CCK-8实验、EdU实验检测LPCAT4表达水平对人胰腺癌细胞增殖能力的影响。再用STRING和GEPIA2数据库获取肿瘤中与LPCAT4结合和共表达的基因，进行GO和KEGG富集分析。结果LinkedOmics在线数据库分析显示，与KRAS野生型胰腺癌患者相比，LPCAT4在KRAS突变型胰腺癌患者中表达升高；UALCAN，Sangerbox 3.0及GEPIA2数据库分析显示，与癌旁正常组织相比，LPCAT4在胰腺癌组织中表达升高。Kaplan-Meier Plotter数据库分析显示LPCAT4高表达与胰腺癌患者预后呈负相关关系。qPCR和 Western blot结果显示，与正常胰腺导管上皮细胞相比，LPCAT4在胰腺癌细胞系中的表达显著上调。在SW1990细胞中敲降LPCAT4后抑制增殖，而在MIA PaCa-2细胞中过表达LPCAT4促进增殖。富集分析显示LPCAT4与硫代谢过程密切相关。结论LPCAT4在胰腺癌中高表达，并与患者不良预后相关，LPCAT4在胰腺癌细胞增殖中具有显著的调控作用，其表达水平与细胞增殖能力密切相关。揭示了LPCAT4在胰腺癌恶性进展中的关键作用，并为其作为潜在治疗靶点提供了重要依据

天然淡水冰单轴压缩强度及其温度和应变率效应

本文报道了在不同温度和不同应变率下天然淡水冰单轴压缩强度的实验结果。指出S—l型柱状晶粒冰的压缩强度随着温度的降低而增加,极限压缩强度在应变率为10~(-4)S(-1)时有一个最大值。本实验的应变率范围是10~(-5)—10~0s~(-1)。10~(-1)—10~0s~(-1)的应变率范围是在冲击速度lm/s左右的实验条件下获得的,这个速度接近于浮冰与海上结构物相撞的情况。以本实验为基础,有希望发展对海冰的实验技术

Residues and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Surface Sediments and Marine Organisms from Dapeng Bay,Shenzhen

为了研究深圳大鹏湾海域沉积物和生物体中多环芳烃的污染状况,2011年10月在大鹏湾采集表层沉积物及鱼类、虾类和贝类等生物样品,采用气相色谱-质谱法(gC-MS)分析了16种优先控制多环芳烃(PAHS)的含量.结果表明,大鹏湾海域表层沉积物和生物样品中PAHS总量范围分别为216.56~1 314.92 ng·g-1(干重,下同)和70.88~251.90 ng·g-1(湿重,下同);生物样品按平均含量计,鱼类最高(171.52 ng·g-1),贝类次之(134.75 ng·g-1),虾类最低(123.35 ng·g-1).与全球其他海域相比,大鹏湾海域表层沉积物和生物体PAHS污染处于中等水平.沉积物中PAHS的组成以4环为主,来源分析表明该海域PAHS污染主要来源于化石燃料燃烧源和石油污染源的共同输入.生物体中PAHS主要为2~3环PAHS,这与其生活习性和污染物的生物可利用性等因素有关.风险评价表明,大鹏湾表层沉积物中的PAHS在一定程度上可能会对该海域生物产生不利影响;生物样品PAHS的苯并(A)芘等效浓度值相对较高,长期食用这些水产品可能会有潜在的健康风险.In order to assess contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs),surface sediments and marine organism samples of fish,shrimp and shellfish were collected from the Dapeng Bay,Shenzhen in October 2011.Concentrations fof sixteen priority PAHs were determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry( GC-MS).The total concentrations of PAHs( Σ PAHs) ranged from 216.56 ng·g- 1to 1 314.92 ng·g- 1dry weight in sediment samples and from 70.88 ng·g- 1to 251.90 ng·g- 1wet weight in biological samples,respectively.The mean concentration was the highest in fish( 171.52 ng·g- 1),followed by mussel( 134.75 ng·g- 1) and shrimp( 123.35 ng·g- 1) in the studied marine organisms.Compared with those in other water bodies around the world,PAHs pollution in the studied area was at medium level.The dominant fraction in the surface sediments was the 4-ring PAHs.Identification of PAH sources suggested that PAHs in Dapeng Bay were likely originated from both pyrolytic and petrogenic sources.The most abundant PAHs were 3-ring PAHs in the tissues of organisms,which may be governed by their feeding behaviors,habitats,and bioavailability of PAHs.Ecological risk assessment indicated that PAHs in surface sediments might have adverse impacts on local ecosystem.Health risk analysis revealed that the potency equivalent concentrations of BaP to the total PAHs in marine organisms from Dapeng Bay were relatively high and may cause some concerns on human health by consumption.国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2009BADB7B02); 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2012TS15;2012TS25

连续陶瓷纤维的制备、结构、性能和应用:研究现状及发展方向

连续陶瓷纤维是纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的增强体,对提高陶瓷基复合材料的强度和韧性起关键作用,高损伤容限和高强度陶瓷纤维是阻止裂纹扩展实现陶瓷基复合材料强韧化的保障。本文对碳化硅、氮化硅、氮化硼、氧化铝和氧化锆等几种陶瓷纤维的制备方法、结构、性能和应用等方面进行了全面的综述,指出了今后的发展方向,期望为未来陶瓷纤维的研究、开发及应用提供参考。国家高技术研究发展计划(863)(2003AA305630);;国家自然科学基金(51472144);;山东省科技重大专项(2015ZDZX11003);;山东省青年学者未来计划(2016WLJH27