Trans-glycosidation Synthesis Method of Potato Starch-based C_(12)-APG

以马铃薯淀粉、乙二醇、十二醇为原料,在酸性催化剂的催化作用下通过转糖苷化法合成十二烷基糖苷,探讨了醇(十二醇)糖比对反应的影响,确定了反应的最佳醇糖比为1∶1(摩尔比),产品粗产率为156%,残醇量为3.9%.通过测试,所得产品的最大表面张力为25.8n/M、Hlb值为13.2,并且产品的起泡性、泡沫稳定性及乳化稳定性均较佳.In this paper,the C12-APG was prepared by the reaction of potato starch with ethylene glycol and lauryl alcohol in the presence of acid catalyst via trans-glycosidation.The influence of the ratio of lauryl alcohol to sugar on the reaction was discussed.When the ratio of lauryl alcohol to sugar was 1∶1,the yield reached 156%,with the residual lauryl alcohol in C12-APG being 3.9%.The properties of C12-APG,such as surface tension,HLB value,foaming ability and emulsifying power,were tested.The maximum surface tension of the product was 25.8 N/m and the HLB value was 13.2.The product exhibits well in foaming ability,foaming stability and emulsifying stability.福建省自然科学基金项目(2009J05036);厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20113001);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2011121019

A Dynamic Perception Coefficients Self-tuning Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based on Nonlinear Systems

在优化非线性复杂系统问题中,智能算法已成为一种重要手段.提出了一种基于动态感知系数的自适应粒子群优化(particle swarm; optimization,PSO)算法(self-tuning; PSO,SPSO),将PSO算法的感知系数与神经网络算法结合,并于在线学习训练过程中动态调整感知系数,改善了PSO算法的计算效率以及全局收敛效率; .进一步将2个相互关联的神经网络比例积分微分(proportion integration; differentiation,PID)神经网络及SPSO神经网络结合起来,使其能有效解决非线性控制模型的问题.为了验证该算法,引入了4个仿真例; 及2种PSO优化算法传统PSO(conventional PSO,CPSO)和修正PSO(modified; PSO,MPSO),来比较SPSO算法在解决控制问题中的非线性复杂系统的高效性,结果显示SPSO算法有较好的全局收敛性能、收敛速度以及较强的鲁棒; 性.We propose a dynamic perception-coefficients algorithm,called; self-tuning particle swarm optimization (SPSO) in this paper, which is; used for determining optimal nonlinear systems.The theory of SPSO; integrates conventional PSO (CPSO) with neural network (NN) and trains; perception coefficients with the gradient descent algorithm to improve; computational efficiency,rate of convergence and global convergence.Then; we combine proportional-integral-derivative (PID) NN with SPSO to; optimize complex nonlinear systems.This paper presents four examples and; another two optimization algorithms CPSO modified PSO(MPSO) to help; estimate performances of the proposed SPSO.The result demonstrates that; the SPSO exhibits great performances in global convergence, rate of; convergence and strong robustness while optimizing complex nonlinear; systems.福建省科技计划项目; 泉州市科技计划项

一种中草药复方制剂对罗非鱼非特异免疫力的影响

将杜仲、当归、黄芪、枸杞等10味中草药均匀粉碎后配制成复方制剂,按质量分数为0(对照组)、1%(A组)、3%(B组)、6%(C组)添加到饲料中投喂罗非鱼Oreochromis niloticus,分别在饲养试验的第4、11、18、25、32天采样,检测其血清溶菌酶活性、头肾巨噬细胞吞噬活性、血清杀菌活性、红细胞比容等免疫指标的变化,并在最后一次采样中检测其脾脏脏器系数。用嗜水气单胞菌Aeromonas hydrophila对试验鱼进行人工感染试验,分析中草药对鱼体免疫功能及免疫保护率的增强作用。饲养结果

免疫增强剂对异育银鲫非特异免疫力的影响

分别用添加1%酵母细胞壁（1号饲料）、1%酵母细胞壁＋0.23%Vc＋0.02%VE（2号饲料）、1%免疫多糖（3号饲料）的饲料投喂异育银鲫,并于试验后4、11、17、24、31 d测定头肾巨噬细胞吞噬活性、血清溶菌酶活性和血清杀菌活性。结果表明,与对照组相比,3组饲料均能显著提高异育银鲫的头肾巨噬细胞吞噬活性、血清溶菌酶活性和血清杀菌活性,其中3号饲料效果最为显著,其次为2号饲料