The Marketing Mode and Channel Innovation of Nokia China

现代商品经济体系，任何产品的销售都与营销紧密相连，营销模式更是所有商家研究的重点。任何一个企业在不同的发展阶段都会有一个营销模式。企业的发展过程就是营销模式的形成和创新过程。在中国，越来越多的手机厂商（国内或国外的）和移动运营商加入到市场竞争中，随着通信技术与媒体、互联网等高新技术的融合，新的通信产业不断的繁荣发展。在这一行业中，各类先进的手机营销模式也不断的影响着市场发展，越来越多的企业开始将渠道管理提升到竞争的层面，手机业渠道的模式管理越来越受到高层管理人员的关注。中国手机市场的渠道模式由简单的国包销售，不断的发展，衍生出大连锁、运营商、FD等多种渠道模式。渠道创新贯穿着手机行业的发展，每...In modern commercial economy system, sales of any product are closely connected with marketing, of which the marketing mode is the key of research for all trade companies. Enterprises have their own marketing modes in different developing stages and the development of an enterprise is the formation and innovation process of marketing mode. In China, more and more mobile phone manufacturers (domest...学位：工商管理硕士院系专业：管理学院工商管理教育中心（MBA中心）_工商管理硕士(MBA)学号：20041512

Rapid Determination of Pesticide Residues in Tea by QuEChERS and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)

建立分散固相萃取(QuECHErS)法提取净化结合气-质联用(gC-MS)技术检测茶叶中47种农药残留的方法。提取剂(2 Ml乙腈、40Mg nACl)与干燥茶样(0.5g、20目)旋涡混合(2MIn)后离心(5000r/MIn、5MIn),吸取上清液(1Ml)与净化剂(25Mg PSA、7.5Mg gCb、150Mg MgSO4、40Mg nACl)旋涡混合(2MIn)后离心(5000r/MIn、5MIn),上清液直接注入气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测。通过对样品的颗粒度、数量,提取剂种类及数量,混合(旋涡)方式,净化剂数量等进行优化,方法的加标回收率在81%~102.2%之间,精密度在6.5%~18.3%之间,线性范围在0.00195~1.0Mg/kg之间(r2>0.97),检测限在0.0009~0.0214Mg/kg之间,定量限在0.0029~0.0712Mg/kg之间,基本符合日本和欧盟对农残“一律标准“的要求。A method to determine 47 pesticide residues in tea using QuEChERS and GC-MS was established.For the extraction of pesticide residues,dry samples were vortex-mixed with 40 mg of NaCl dissolved in 2 mL of MeCN and centrifuged(5000 r/min for 5 min).Then 1 mL aliquot of the supernatant was taken and vortex-mixed for 2 min after the addition of 25 mg of PSA,7.5 mg of GCB,150 mg of MgSO4 and 40 mg of NaCl and entrifuged(5000 r/min for 5 min).The resulting supernatant was injected in to a GC-MS for analysis of pesticide residues.Under the optimized conditions of particle size and amount of samples,extraction solvent type and volume and mixing method and purificant,the recovery of the method for spiked samples ranged from 81% to 102.2%,and precision from 6.5% to 18.3%(RSD).The linear range was 0.00195-1.0 mg/kg(R2> 0.97),limit of detection(LOD) 0.0009-0.0214 mg/kg,and limit of quantitation(LOQ) 0.00290.0712 mg/kg.This method could substantially meet the "Uniform Limits" of Japan and the EU for analysis of pesticide residues.厦门市科技计划创新项目(3502Z20103045

基于立即早期蛋白IE62建立水痘-带状疱疹病毒感染性滴度检测方法

目的:基于水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)立即早期蛋白IE62与酶联免疫斑点检测技术(ELISpot)建立一种新型的VZV感染性滴度的快速检测方法。方法:应用生物信息学方法设计并合成VZV-IE62蛋白的多肽抗原,牛血清白蛋白偶联后免疫BALB/c小鼠,筛选和制备抗VZV-IE62单克隆抗体,应用Western blot和免疫荧光法等开展抗体性能评价,继而应用酶联免疫斑点技术(ELISpot)结合生物素-亲和素放大法建立新型的VZV感染性滴度检测方法,并与经典空斑计数法进行比较。结果:获得抗VZV-IE62的单克隆抗体1B7,应用于ELISpot方法可特异识别VZV感染后的细胞,以之为基础建立了新型的VZV感染性滴度检测方法。相比经典空斑计数法,该方法可显著缩短检测时间(从5至7 d缩短至32 h)检测结果具有较好的一致性。结论:本研究建立了一种新型的基于VZV立即早期蛋白IE62与酶联免疫斑点技术的VZV感染性滴度检测方法(VZV-IE62 ELISpot),具有潜在的转化应用前景,可为VZV的防治研究提供支持。国家自然科学基金项目(81601762)资

水痘-带状疱疹病毒主要衣壳蛋白ORF40单克隆抗体的制备及初步应用

目的:制备抗水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)主要衣壳蛋白ORF40的单克隆抗体,对该蛋白在VZV感染细胞内的表达、分布以及在VZV病毒颗粒中的包含情况进行初步探究。方法:设计并合成VZV ORF40多肽片段,偶联...国家自然科学基金项目(81601762)资

Molecular Cloning and Tissue Expression of HSP70 from the Mud Crab,Scylla paramamosain

热休克蛋白70(HSP70)是一种重要的功能蛋白.利用rACE和基因克隆等分子生物学技术,获得拟穴青蟹(SCyllA PArAMAMOSAIn)HSP70全长CdnA序列,全长共2 189 bP,包括110 bP的5′uTr(unTrAnSlATEd rEgIOnS)、126 bP的3′uTr和一个1 953 bP的开放阅读框(Orf).Orf可编码650个氨基酸残基,总分子质量约为71.2 ku,PI为5.38.同源蛋白的比较结果显示,拟穴青蟹HSP70序列与其他一些物种具有很高相似性,推测HSP70基因具有很高的遗传保守性,而基于HSP70氨基酸序列比对而绘制的系统树基本能够反映出各物种间的进化关系.以rT-PCr法检测雌性拟穴青蟹一些组织中的HSP70表达,结果显示各待测组织中均能扩增得到HSP70,说明HSP70在拟穴青蟹为组成型表达.其中,HSP70在卵巢中表达量最高,其次为脑神经节,推测这与HSP70作为分子伴侣的功能相关.Heat shock protein 70(HSP 70) is an in evolutionarily highly conserved protein,with a variety of biological functions.A full-length cDNA of HSP70 was cloned from Scylla paramamosain using RACE and gene cloning method in this study.The full-length HSP70 cDNA was 2 189 bp,including a 5′untranslated region(UTR) of 110 bp,a 3′UTR of 126 bp,and an open reading frame(ORF) of 1 953 bp nucleotides.The ORF encoded a polypeptide of 650 amino acids with calculated molecular mass of 71.2 ku and theoretical point of 5.38.Amino acid sequence alignment showed the S.paramamosain HSP70 had high homology with that in some model animals.It suggested HSP70 was highly conservative.Phylogenetic tree based on comparison of HSP70 proteins,was consistent with the evolution relationship.The tissue expressions in 8 different tissues were tested by RT-PCR.The results showed that the expected PCR products were amplified from every tested tissues.It suggested that HSP70 can be constitutively expressed in S.paramamosain.The highest expression of HSP70 was found in ovary,the following was in brain,this was possibly related with the functions of HSP70.国家自然科学基金项目(4040603041076081

Molecular Cloning and Expression Profiles of β-actin Gene in Various Tissues of the Horseshoe Crab,Tachypleus tridentatus

中国鲎(TACHyPlEuS TrIdEnTATuS)是一种古老的海洋动物.利用rT-PCr和rACE等分子生物学技术,获得中国鲎β-肌动蛋白基因(中国鲎β-ACTIn,简称为TTbA)全长CdnA序列,总共1 515bP,包括70bP 5′非编码区(unTrAnSlATEd rEgIOnS,uTr)、314bP 3′uTr和一个1 131bP的开放阅读框(OPEn rEAdIng frAME,Orf).Orf可编码376个氨基酸残基,总分子质量约为41 807.7u.同源蛋白的序列比较结果显示,TTbA推导氨基酸序列与其他物种具有很高的相似性,推测β-ACTIn基因具有很高的遗传保守性.而基于β-ACTIn蛋白序列比对而绘制的系统进化树显示中国鲎与其他节肢动物具有较高的相似性,此结果与其现行的分类地位基本一致.以rEAl-TIME rT-PCr法检测表明,在卵子发生各期的卵巢组织中TTbA表达量保持稳定(P>0.05),可作为定量检测的内参基因.The horseshoe crab(Tachypleus tridentatus)is an ancient marine organism.In this study,a full-length cDNA ofβ-actin(designated as TTBA)was cloned from T.tridentatus using RT-PCR and RACE method.Data showed that the full-length cDNA was 1 515 bp,including a 5′untranslated region(UTR)of 70 bp,a 3′UTR of 314 bp,and an open reading frame(ORF)of 1 131 bp nucleotides.The ORF encoded a polypeptide of 376 amino acids with calculated molecular mass of 41 807.7u.Amino acid sequence alignment showed the TTBA had high similarity with that in other organisms.It suggested thatβ-actin was highly conservative.Phylogenetic analysis based on comparison ofβ-actin proteins showed that T.tridentatus was more similar to arthropod than to other invertebrate species.This result was consistent with the current evolution relationship.Moreover,gene expression profiles by Real-Time RT-PCR revealed that the abundance of TTBA mRNA kept steady during oogenesis in ovary(p>0.05)indicating that TTBAis suitable as an endogenous control for gene expression study.国家自然科学基金(40406030

三个鲫品系DNA含量的比较研究

采用流式细胞术 (FCM)对红鲫、彭泽鲫、异育银鲫进行红血球DNA含量的检测分析比较 ,以鉴定它们的倍性。结果显示 ,红鲫红血球的DNA含量是 3 0pg ,彭泽鲫是 4 7pg ,异育银鲫是 4 8pg。显而易见 ,彭泽鲫的DNA含量是二倍体红鲫的 1 57倍 ,异育银鲫的DNA含量是红鲫的 1 6倍。采用肾细胞直接制作染色体的方法进行红鲫、彭泽鲫、异育银鲫的染色体倍性鉴定 ,结果红鲫的染色体数目是 10 0 ,为二倍体 (2n =10 0 ) ,彭泽鲫的染色体数目是 162 ,为三倍体 (3n =1

Determination of 20 pesticide residues in tea by DSPE and GC-μECD

建立了改进的分散固相萃取(dSPE)提取净化、gC-ECd检测茶叶中六六六、敌敌涕、硫丹、拟除虫菊酯、乙草胺、氟虫腈、溴虫腈等茶叶国际贸易中较为关注的20种农药残留量的方法。前处理过程:(1)以2 Ml乙腈提取0.5 g茶叶样品,涡旋振荡2 MIn,离心5 MIn(5000 r/MIn);(2)取1 Ml上清液与PSA(25 Mg),gCb(7.5 Mg),MgSO4(150 Mg)吸附净化剂涡旋振荡2 MIn后,再离心5 MIn(5000 r/MIn);(3)整个过程需时约0.5 H;(4)将上清液溶剂置换为正己烷,由gC-μECd检测。提取液净化效果良好,目标农药出峰处没有基质干扰峰;方法的回收率、重现性、检测下限符合欧盟和日本对茶叶中农残检测的要求。实际样品的检测结果与混合溶剂提取、SPE净化检测的结果相似。In this paper,a modified method of DSPE for the determination of 20 pesticide residues in tea was established.These pesticides were BHCs,DDTs,endosulfan,pyrethroid pesticides,acetochlor,fipronil,chlorfenapyr,which were concerned in the tea international trade.The pretreatment procedure was:(1) the target pesticide residues were extracted by 2 mL of pure acetonitrile in 0.5 g of tea,then vortexed by a vortexer vigorously for 2 min and centrifuged for 5 min at 5000 r/min;(2) 1 mL of supernate was mixed with PSA(25 mg),GCB(7.5 mg),MgSO4(150 mg),then vortexed for 2 min and centrifuged for 5 min(5000 r/min);(3) the whole procedure was completed within 0.5 h;(4) the solvent of the supernate was substituted by n-hexane,then injected into GC-μECD.The results showed no matrix peaks disturbed the targets'.The recovery,RSD.and LOQ of the modified DSPE could meet the demand of EU's and Japanese for the determination of pesticide residues in tea.The results from real samples analyzed by this method were accordance with those by the authenticated method with SPE purification.厦门市科技计划创新项目(No.3502Z20103045)资