The development of parental homework response questionnaire and its influence mechanism on academic achievement

家庭作业是小学生每天课后学习生活不可缺少的一个重要组成部分，也是一种被广泛采用的教学手段。目前，国内外学者对家庭作业的形式、内容、影响等方面进行了很多研究，特别是有关家庭作业与学业成绩之间得到了众多研究者的关注。然而，大多数有关家庭作业和学业成绩之间的研究还缺少对其过程机制的探讨，本研究自编父母作业反应问卷，并从学业效能感和家庭作业努力两方面研究小学生家庭作业中父母作业反应对子女学业成绩的影响，并探讨了学业效能感、家庭作业努力在父母作业反应和子女学业成绩之间的链式中介作用以及性别的调节作用。 本研究选取750名小学生，调查问卷来自江苏省云港市、浙江省温州市、广东省惠州市、广东省深圳市共4所小学的3-5年级学生，其中男生373人，占样本总体的49.7%；女生375人，占样本总体的50.0%，2人未填写性别信息；三年级293人，占样本总体的39.1%，四年级145人，占样本总体的19.3%，五年级306人，占样本总体的40.8%，6人未填写年级信息。以班级为单位，在学校利用自习课采用集体作答的方式，使用父母作业反应问卷、学业效能感量表、家庭作业努力问卷对小学生进行问卷调查，统计分析调查所得的相关数据以SPSS软件来进行。 本文的研究结果和结论如下：（1）父母作业反应、学业效能感、家庭作业努力、学业成绩呈两两之间存在显著相关。（2）父母作业反应中的惩罚反应这个维度显著预测学业成绩，父母作业反应中的言语辅导和奖励反应这两个维度对学业成绩的预测作用不显著。（3）父母作业反应能通过学业效能感的中介作用、家庭作业努力的中介作用、学业效能感和家庭作业努力的链式中介作用三条路径间接影响学业成绩。（4）性别在父母作业反应、学业效能感、家庭作业努力和学业成绩之间起调节作用

Effects of pupils’ internalizing problems on academic performance: analysis of chain-mediated effect

目的 探讨学业效能感和家庭作业努力在小学生内化问题与学业成绩之间的链式中介作用。方法 采用广泛性焦虑自评量表、流调中心抑郁量表（简版）、学业效能感量表、家庭作业努力问卷对750名三到五年级的小学生进行问卷调查。结果 小学生内化问题与学业效能感、家庭作业努力、学业成绩均呈显著负相关；学业效能感、家庭作业努力和学业成绩均呈显著正相关。学业效能感和家庭作业努力是内化问题与学业成绩之间的中介变量。内化问题通过学业效能感来影响家庭作业努力，进而影响学业成绩，即学业效能感和家庭作业努力起链式中介作用。结论 学业效能感和家庭作业努力在小学生内化问题与学业成绩之间起链式中介作用。</p

Effects of pupils’ reading ability on academic emotions: mediating role of academic self-efficacy

目的 探讨小学生阅读能力、学业效能感与学业情绪的关系。方法 采用小学语文阅读能力测评量表、小学生学业情绪问卷和学业效能感量表，对343名三至五年级的小学生进行了历时3个月的追踪研究。结果 小学生阅读能力可以显著预测学业情绪的积极高唤醒和消极低唤醒维度；学业效能感在阅读能力与学业情绪消极低唤醒之间起部分中介作用，在阅读能力与积极高唤醒之间起跨时间点的中介作用。结论 小学生阅读能力可以通过学业效能感影响学业情绪。</p

大豆油返酸、返色影响因素分析Impact factors of acid reversion and color reversion of soybean oil

为对大豆油适度精炼和精准加工提供参考，对精炼生产过程中不同工序大豆油的返酸、返色程度以及一级大豆油中磷脂、残皂、不皂化物等组分对其返酸、返色程度的影响进行分析。结果表明：大豆原油返酸和返色程度均最高，中和油最低；磷脂含量越高，大豆油返酸、返色程度越深；不皂化物含量越高，越有助于延缓大豆油返酸、返色；含皂量对大豆油返酸影响不显著，但会影响大豆油返色。综上，在大豆油生产中应控制磷脂含量和含皂量，减少不皂化物的损失，以延缓大豆油返酸、返色。 In order to provide reference for moderate refining and precise processing of soybean oil, the degree of acid reversion and color reversion of soybean oil in different processes during refining production and the influence of phospholipids, soap, unsaponifiables in first grade soybean oil on the degree of acid reversion and color reversion were analyzed. The results showed that the crude soybean oil had the highest acid reversion and color reversion, while neutral oil had the lowest. The higher the phospholipid content in soybean oil, the deeper the acid reversion and color reversion of soybean oil. The higher the content of unsaponifiables, the more beneficial to delay the acid reversion and color reversion of soybean oil. The content of soap had no significant effect on the acid reversion of soybean oil, but it affected the color reversion of soybean oil. In conclusion, during the production of soybean oil, the content of phospholipid and soap should be controlled and the loss of unsaponifiables should be reduced in order to delay the acid reversion and color reversion of soybean oil

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies

Prediction of Energy Resolution in the JUNO Experiment

International audienceThis paper presents the energy resolution study in the JUNO experiment, incorporating the latest knowledge acquired during the detector construction phase. The determination of neutrino mass ordering in JUNO requires an exceptional energy resolution better than 3% at 1 MeV. To achieve this ambitious goal, significant efforts have been undertaken in the design and production of the key components of the JUNO detector. Various factors affecting the detection of inverse beta decay signals have an impact on the energy resolution, extending beyond the statistical fluctuations of the detected number of photons, such as the properties of liquid scintillator, performance of photomultiplier tubes, and the energy reconstruction algorithm. To account for these effects, a full JUNO simulation and reconstruction approach is employed. This enables the modeling of all relevant effects and the evaluation of associated inputs to accurately estimate the energy resolution. The study reveals an energy resolution of 2.95% at 1 MeV. Furthermore, the study assesses the contribution of major effects to the overall energy resolution budget. This analysis serves as a reference for interpreting future measurements of energy resolution during JUNO data taking. Moreover, it provides a guideline in comprehending the energy resolution characteristics of liquid scintillator-based detectors