建筑之“留白”——高层建筑中部透空设计分析

随着高层建筑建设数量的猛增,其自身的弊端也日渐突显。中部透空手法将中国画的留白思想拓展于建筑设计中,较好地缓解了高层建筑在生态、造型、功能等方面的不足,充分体现了对自然环境的尊重和可持续发展的理念

Kinetics of Vesicle Formation and Breakdown

利用停流装置研究了十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)复配形成囊泡的过程和囊泡破坏过程的动力学性质,并结合动态光散射技术和电子透射显微镜探索囊泡形成和囊泡破坏过程的机理.动态光散射和电子透射显微镜的研究结果表明囊泡的形成过程主要包括四个阶段:混合胶团→柔性的长棒状聚集体→"非平衡囊泡"→平衡囊泡,而与其对应的粒度分散度则呈现"单分散性→多分散性"的周期性变化规律.此外,动力学结果表明囊泡形成过程很长,但其活化能不大,这意味着囊泡形成过程的控制步骤可能不是活化能控制.而相对于囊泡的形成,囊泡的破坏过程是十分迅速的.A combination of stopped-flow,transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light-scattering techniques has been used to study the kinetics of vesicle formation and breakdown as well as the mechanism of vesicle formation and breakdown in DTAB/SDS aqueous solutions.The results show that the process of vesicle formation can be modeled as a sequence of distinct processes:mixed micelles→flexible stick-shaped aggregates→non-equilibrium vesicles→equilibrium vesicle system,and the evolution of particle dispersion degree appears to be a periodical change of "monodispersity→polydispersity".In addition,the kinetic analysis shows that the process of vesicle formation lasts for a long time.However,the activation energy of vesicle formation is not too high,which implies that the control procedure of the process is independent of activation energy.In contrast to the process of vesicle formation,vesicle breakup to mixed micelles appears to be a rapid process.厦门大学科技创新重点项目(No.XMKJCX20052001)资助项目

乳腺癌病人血清HER-2/neu检测及其临床意义

【目的】本研究分析晚期乳腺癌患者血清HER-2／neu的水平与预后的关系，并探讨其临床意义。【方法】酶联免疫法（ELISA）检测94例晚期乳腺癌患者血清HER-2／neu的浓度．分析血清与组织中HER-2／neu表达的相关性，并分析其与患者预后的关系。【结果】94例晚期乳腺癌患者就诊时的血清HER-2／neu浓度为0．34-275．25μg／L（平均浓度为23．69μg／L）。血清HER-2／neu浓度的高低与化疗的有效性、疾病进展时间的长短无关。晚期乳腺癌患者的血清HER-2／neu浓度与肿瘤组织中HER-2／neu表达强阳性是一致的。【结论】血清HER-2／neu尚不能确立为独立的预后指标，需要更多的病例进行分析

过氧化物还原酶3参与肾透明细胞癌发生与发展的分子机制

【目的】探讨肾透明细胞癌组织中硫氧还蛋白依赖的过氧化物还原酶3（PRDX3）的表达与肾透明细胞癌发生发展的关系。【方法】本研究首先在16例肾透明细胞癌组织及癌旁组织中验证了PRDX3的表达。根据表达量构建了786-O的PRDX3过表达细胞系及敲低表达细胞系，考察了PRDX3过表达和敲低表达后，肿瘤细胞的生长情况。通过pull-down试验联合LC-MS/MS技术寻找PRDX3的相互作用蛋白。初步探究了PRDX3与过氧化物酶1（PRDX1）的相互作用关系及PRDX3参与肾透明细胞癌发生发展的机制。【结果】16例肾透明细胞癌组织样本的western blot检测结果表明，有14例样本PRDX3下调表达，下调均值1.78倍左右。成功筛选到PRDX3过表达的786-O单克隆细胞系和对照细胞系［786O-PRDX（3+）和786O-PRDX（3-）］和PRDX3敲低表达的786-O单克隆细胞系和无意义序列对照细胞系（786O-PRDX3KN和786O-PRDX3NCi）。qPCR和western blot结果表明，相比786O-PRDX（3-）组，786O-PRDX（3+）组在mRNA水平过表达约2.1倍，在蛋白水平过表达约1.8倍；相比786O-PRDX3NCi组，786O-PRDX3KN组在mRNA水平低表达约0.48倍，在蛋白水平低表达约0.51倍。CCK-8试验表明，相比786O-PRDX（3-），786O-PRDX（3+）细胞生长速率明显降低。但敲低PRDX3的表达后，敲低组和其对照组细胞的生长速率却无显著性差异。Pull-down试验发现PRDX3可能与PRDX1存在相互作用。结合质谱分析及数据库检索，发现PRDX3通过二硫键与PRDX1结合并发挥作用，分别通过plink软件鉴定到二者可信的结合位点，初步探讨了PRDX3参与肾透明细胞癌发生发展的可能机制。【结论】PRDX3在肾透明细胞癌组织中下调表达，可能参与了肿瘤的发生发展。提高PRDX3的表达水平，能显著降低肿瘤细胞的生长速率。基于PRDX3蛋白，可能开发针对肾透明细胞癌的靶向药物

Kinetics of vesicle formation and breakdown

A combination of stopped-flow, transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light-scattering techniques has been used to study the kinetics of vesicle formation and breakdown as well as the mechanism of vesicle formation and breakdown in DTAB/SDS aqueous solutions. The results show that the process of vesicle formation can be modeled as a sequence of distinct processes: mixed micelles --> flexible stick-shaped aggregates --> non-equilibrium vesicles --> equilibrium vesicle system, and the evolution of particle dispersion degree appears to be a periodical change of "monodispersity --> polydispersity". In addition, the kinetic analysis shows that the process of vesicle formation lasts for a long time. However, the activation energy of vesicle formation is not too high, which implies that the control procedure of the process is independent of activation energy. In contrast to the process of vesicle formation, vesicle breakup to mixed micelles appears to be a rapid process

Considerations of Ground Floor Built on Stilts

【中文文摘】通过对当前居住小区和商业建筑两种不同类型的底部架空设计进行分析研究,针对存在的问题提出了一些建议。以期对正确合理的运用底部架空设计手法有所启迪。 【英文文摘】This paper mainly analyzes two different styles of ground floor built on stilts, which are used in residential district and commercial buildings. Facing the existent problems, this article offers some suggestions and expects to provide some enlightenment design method to apply the technique of ground floor built on stilts rightly and properly

老年患者退出透析实施姑息照护的研究进展

终末期肾脏病（ESRD）是各种肾脏疾病引起的肾脏功能不可逆衰退的终末阶段,患者只能依赖肾脏替代疗法（包括腹膜透析、血液透析或肾移植）来维持生命[1]。对老年人群而言,一些透析患者往往合并肿瘤、糖尿病、心血管疾病等多种慢性疾病,透析治疗并没有提高他们的预期寿命,可能还会给患者带来了一些负担（例如医疗费用、家庭关系、患者家属的生活质量等方面）[2-5]。1995年,国外学者针对此类