Self-Perceived Attractiveness and Its Influence on the Halo Effect and the Similar-to Me Effect

The present research examined the influences of the halo effect and the similar-tome effect on physical and sexual attractiveness for hiring decisions. It was hypothesized that the halo effect would cause applicants rated highly in physical and sexual attractiveness to receive higher ratings of hireability than unattractive applicants.However, if the similar-to-me effect is influential for levels of attractiveness in hiring situations, participants who rated themselves as less attractive should favor unattractive applicants. The results did not show an interaction between participant self-ratings and ratings of hireability, indicating the similar-to-me effect does not apply to physical or sexual attractiveness. There was a main effect of sexual attractiveness of the applicant forhireability, showing support for the halo effect. This effect was only found for White applicants, potentially due to in-group bias and out-group homogeneity

Starlike nanostructures of polyoxometalates K-3[PMo12O40].nH(2)O synthesized and assembled by an inverse microemulsion method

通讯作者地址: Xie, SY (通讯作者), Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 地址: 1. Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 2. Dalian Univ Technol, Dept Chem, Dalian 116012, Peoples R ChinaIn a nonionic inverse microemulsion system, surfactant (C12-18EO9)/cyclohexane/water, heteropolyanions [PMo12O40](3-) react with K+ to form K-3[PMo12O40].nH(2)O nanorods and assemble as three-dimensional starlike nanostructures

类泛素蛋白及其中文命名

泛素家族包括泛素及类泛素蛋白,约20种成员蛋白.近年来,泛素家族领域取得了迅猛发展,并已与生物学及医学研究的各个领域相互交叉.泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬机制的发现分别于2004和2016年获得诺贝尔奖.但是,类泛素蛋白并没有统一规范的中文译名. 2018年4月9日在苏州召开的《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》专著的编委会上,部分作者讨论了类泛素蛋白的中文命名问题,并在随后的\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"(Ubiquitinfamily,autophagy anddiseases)苏州会议上提出了类泛素蛋白中文翻译草案,此草案在参加该会议的国内学者及海外华人学者间取得了高度共识.冷泉港亚洲\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"苏州会议是由美国冷泉港实验室主办、两年一度、面向全球的英文会议.该会议在海内外华人学者中具有广泛影响,因此,参会华人学者的意见具有一定的代表性.本文介绍了10个类别的类泛素蛋白的中文命名,系统总结了它们的结构特点,并比较了参与各种类泛素化修饰的酶和它们的生物学功能.文章由45名从事该领域研究的专家合作撰写,其中包括中国工程院院士1名,相关学者4名,长江学者3名,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者18名和美国知名高校华人教授4名.他们绝大多数是参加编写即将由科学出版社出版的专著《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》的专家

Two I-h-symmetry-breaking C-60 isomers stabilized by chlorination

通讯作者地址: Xie, SY (通讯作者), Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 地址: 1. Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 2. Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 电子邮件地址: [email protected] abiding surprise in fullerene science is that I-h-symmetric buckminsterfullerene C-60 (ref. 1) (I-h-C-60 or C-#1,812(60), the nomenclature specified by symmetry or by Fowler's spiral algorithm(2)) remains the sole C-60 species experimentally available. Setting it apart from the other 1,811 topological isomers (isobuckminsterfullerenes) is its exclusive conformity with the isolated-pentagon rule(3), which states that stable fullerenes have isolated pentagons. Although gas-phase existence of isobuckminsterfullerenes has long been suspected(4-7), synthetic efforts have yet to yield successful results. Here, we report the realization of two isobuckminsterfullerenes by means of chlorination of the respective C-2v-and C-s-symmetric C-60 cages. These chlorinated species, (C60Cl8)-C-#1,809(1) and (C60Cl12)-C-#1,804(2), were isolated in experimentally useful yields. Structural characterization by crystallography unambiguously established the unique pentagon-pentagon ring fusions. These distinct structural features are directly responsible for the regioselectivity observed in subsequent substitution of chlorines, and also render these unprecedented derivatives of C60 isomers important for resolving the long-standing puzzle of fullerene formation by the Stone-Wales transformation scheme(8-11).NNSF of China,20525103 ,20531050 ,20721001 , 20571062 ,20425312 973 Program 2007CB81530

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地人工绿地水盐动态的研究

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地环境条件极其恶劣。绿地长期使用高矿化度的地下水灌溉，一年进入绿地的盐分可达每亩2T以上，但植物仍然能够正常生长，土壤并没有严重积盐。为此，本文对绿地植物、土壤水盐养状况进行了长期观测，对水盐运移情况进行深入的探讨。本文立足于沙漠腹地人工绿地系统，针对沙漠腹地恶劣的环境条件，尤其是严酷的气候条件、贫瘠的土壤条件以及高矿化度地下水灌溉条件，运用系统生态学系统论的观点，把土壤－植物－大气作为一个完整的系统，其中各个组成成分作为分室，建立分室流动黑箱模型，用生态系统能流物流的理论，对各分室进行定量分析，对植物和土壤间的水盐动态规律进行深入研究，旨在阐明植物和土壤间的水盐动态规律，建立水盐平衡，为进一步改善沙漠的生态环境提供科学依据。人工绿地土壤水盐运动具有季节性规律，表现为季节性积盐和脱盐相互交替，随着土壤深度增加，土壤盐分含量增加，但没有出现大范围积盐。土壤各层盐分含量连年减少，盐分被淋溶到地下水。灌溉、气候、地形是影响绿地水盐运动的主要因素。The environmental circumstances of artificial greenbelt are extremely adverse in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert. As a result of irrigating in greenbelt by underground water, with high mineralization degree, over two tons salinity flows into greenbelt each acre every year, but plants still can grow normally, and salinity does not accumulated. In order to explore the law of movement of water and salinity further. The article sees eye to the greenbelt system in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert, under the control of adverse environmental circumstances, especially inclement climate and barren soil conditions, and irrigating by underground water, with high mineralization degree, applies the means of system, considers soil-plants-atmosphere as a integrate ecology system, among them, each component is regarded as a sub-chamber and built a mobile black box model, applies the law of the cycle of the matter and the movement of energy to analyses quantitatively each sub-chamber and to further study trends of water and salinity in soil and plants so as to illustrate the law of trends and balance of water and salinity in plants and soil and provides scientific basis for improving environmental circumstances in hinterland of the desert. The movement of water and salinity in soil has seasonal rules, shows alternation of seasonal accumulation and decreasing of salinity, and contents of salinity increase with the deepness of soil depth, but does not result in large scale accumulation of salinity, in the meantime, in each level soil, contents of salinity gradually decrease, Irrigation, soil texture feature, climate, and topography are main factors to influence the movement of water and salinity in soil

三种固沙植物对高温胁迫的生理响应及其抗热性研究

通过实验测定热胁迫过程中多枝柽柳、梭梭和头状沙拐枣三种植物叶或同化枝外部形态、相对含水量(RWC)、质膜透性、膜脂过氧化物(MDA)、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)含量的变化,研究三种植物对沙地高温逆境环境的生理适应机理。结果表明:随高温胁迫强度增加,三种植物叶片相对含水量下降,膜透性及膜脂过氧化作用增强,渗透调节物质积累,同时植物保护酶系统活性上升,但在变化趋势和幅度上有显著差异。三种固沙植物中,多枝柽柳具有最强的耐热性,梭梭次之,头状沙拐枣最差

覆膜耕作方式对河套灌区土壤水热效应及玉米产量的影响

通过设置垄作全膜、垄作半膜、平作全膜以及平作半膜 4 个覆膜耕作处理，探究不同覆膜耕作方式对河套灌区 土壤水热及春玉米产量的影响。结果表明：1）2 个生长季内垄作全膜处理各阶段土壤含水率和温度均最高，保水保温效 果明显。2）耕层土壤温度的变化规律和含水率的变化规律相反，随着土壤温度升高，土壤含水率逐渐降低。3）玉米生 育期内随着温度升高和作物耗水量增大，全膜覆盖和垄作耕作方式的蓄水保墒效果愈加明显；干旱条件下，耕作措施较 覆膜方式对地温的影响更为明显；而在水量充沛条件下，覆膜方式则表现出对地温更显著的影响。田间起垄耕作结合全 膜覆盖的种植方式，可以获得较高的穗行数和穗粒数，有利于干物质的积累，促进滴灌条件下玉米产量的形成，同时提 高水分利用效率，为河套灌区农业节水和玉米高产提供了技术依据。</p

塔里木沙漠公路防护林生态稳定性研究

塔里木沙漠公路防护林横穿塔克拉玛干沙漠,利用3-30 g·L-1地下咸水灌溉,风沙、高温、盐分等多种胁迫因子影响人工生态系统的持续和稳定．通过对多种胁迫下人工防护林的结构特征(包括生产力、更新能力、生物多样性等)和功能特征(生物地化循环,如:防护林土壤生理生化特性、地下水)的变化研究,探讨防护林与环境之间的相互关系．在此基础上,将决策分析引入塔里木沙漠公路防护林稳定性研究,筛选出影响防护林系统稳定性的障碍因子,建立沙漠公路防护林稳定性的综合指标体系,评价防护林稳定性,并将生态稳定性概念应用于生态系统管理．研究表明:现阶段防护林塔里木沙漠公路防护林系统处于相对脆弱状态,气候条件是系统稳定的主要干扰因素,但能够通过人工措施改善沙漠公路防护林系统的环境质量,增加了系统的稳定性

光照、温度和盐分对囊果碱蓬种子萌发的影响

囊果碱蓬种子在3种光照、5个温度梯度和5个盐分梯度条件下萌发，测定种子萌发的最佳条件。结果表明：在光照和黑暗条件下，种子萌发率无显著差异。种子萌发的最适温度为30℃。随NaCl浓度增高囊果碱蓬种子萌发率降低，直至为零。不同温度和盐分以及二者的交互作用对囊果碱蓬种子萌发的影响都是极显著的。在最适温度时，种子耐盐临界值为488．89mmol／L，极限值为933．34mmol／L

新疆古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮的土壤理化性质分析

古尔班通古特沙漠是我国第二大沙漠,广泛发育着地衣、苔藓和藻类等生物结皮,其分布状况与其自身生理生态特点和所处沙丘部位的环境条件密切联系着.结合野外调查和实验室样品分析结果,讨论了沙丘不同部位土壤理化性质与生物结皮分布、发育的关系.结果表明:不同类型生物结皮在沙丘上的分布和发育状况是不同的,从沙丘顶部的流动或半流动沙面上到沙丘两坡的中部、下部以及丘间低地,生物结皮的分布依次为微生物种类、藻类结皮、地衣结皮和苔藓结皮,从沙丘上部、中部至沙丘底部及丘间,生物结皮的类型、厚度及发育程度呈增强态势.生物结皮在沙丘不同部位的发育特点和分异变化与沙丘不同地貌部位的土壤理化性状、地表基质稳定性等生态条件有着密切的关系