Modeling of the combustion process of circulating fluldized bed boiler

针对具有多维非线性和纯滞后特性的循环流化床锅炉燃烧过程,采用基于PLS学习算法和OLS学习算法的径向基函数(RBF)神经网络进行建模研究。首先通过循环流化床锅炉仿真平台产生用于建模实验的网络训练数据和泛化数据,然后分别采用OLS算法和PLS算法进行网络训练和泛化研究,最后讨论了影响建模结果的算法参数及其选取方法,重点讨论了PLS算法的4个网络参数的影响和选取。与基于小波网络的建模实验比较,对具有复杂特性的循环流化床锅炉燃烧过程,采用RBF网络建模在保证建模精度的同时,算法参数的选取也较为方便易行。To get a online dynamic model of the combustion process of Circulating Fluidized Bed(CFB)Boiler which was difficult to be modeling because of its complex characteristics such as non-linear,time-delay,time-variation and multidimensional,the RBF net- work based on the PLS arithmetic and the OLS arithmetic was adopted.The data used as the network training samples and the data used in the generalization test of the network was produced by a CFB Boiler simulation system.The network training and generalization study was done by means of PLS arithmetic and OLS arithmetic individually.The arithmetic parameters,especially the parameters of PLS a- rithmetic were discussed to study their influence and selected methods.Contrasting to the online dynamic model of this process which was credited by the wavelet network,the model put forward in this paper keep the same precision and is more easily to select the pa- rameters in the modeling.福建省科技计划重点项目(2005H044

玻碳电极表面复合配位银电结晶机理研究

以具有实际应用价值的复合配位体系无氰镀银电解液为研究对象,运用循环伏安和电位阶跃等实验方法,结合Scharifker-Hill经典理论模型分析,成功获得了Ag在玻碳电极(GCE)表面电沉积的成核机理及成核动力学参数,并分析了温度对成核方式及成核动力学参数的影响.结果表明,该体系下Ag在GCE表面的电沉积是由扩散控制的不可逆过程,遵循三维瞬时成核生长机理.随着阶跃电位从-750 m V负移至-825 m V,峰值还原电流Im逐渐增大,达到峰值还原电流所需时间tm逐渐缩短,扩散系数D变化不大,基本稳定在(7.61±0.34)×10-5cm2·s-1,成核密度数N0则从3.26×105cm-2提高至10.2×105cm-2.银沉积初期的形貌观察,验证了其三维瞬时成核生长机理.提高温度可以显著改善电解液中具备活性的银配位离子的扩散能力,缩短成核时间,提升成核密度数N0.国家自然科学基金项目(No.21621091)资

免疫细胞代谢及其功能调节研究进展

免疫系统是维持机体正常生长发育和生存的重要组分之一,而物质和能量代谢在种类多样的免疫细胞维持自身和机体稳态过程中是不可或缺的。不同代谢物对免疫细胞会产生不同的生物学效应,同时代谢组失衡也与免疫细胞功能紊乱互为因果,从代谢组学视角深入研究免疫细胞失调的内在机制已经成为近些年免疫学研究的新热点。该文将从不同代谢物对免疫细胞的增殖、分化或功能影响的角度进行阐述,希望能找到相关代谢通路或分子来调控免疫细胞增殖、分化或功能,这将有助于我们更加深刻理解免疫学现象和分子机制,并对免疫系统相关疾病的治疗或预防发挥潜在的指导作用

Calibration and Preliminary Application of Linear Quantitation Standard for Anti-HEV IgG Antibody

目的建立抗戊型肝炎病毒(Anti-HEV)IgG抗体的定量线性标准品,并进行初步应用。方法利用抗-HEV IgG和抗-HEV IgM ELISA检测试剂筛选出1份抗-HEV IgG阳性血清L9,经基因1型和4型的HEV ORF2C-端抗原及239抗原进行Western blot确认后,用WHO定量标准品,由3个实验室协作标定,利用量反应平行线法计算其抗-HEV IgG的含量。考察已标定的L9血清的稳定性,并用所标定的1.5倍系列稀释的血清对国内外6家抗-HEV IgG试剂的灵敏度进行检测。选择一灵敏度较高的试剂,在其线性范围内取L9的5个稀释度作为抗-HEV IgG抗体定量线性标准,对高、中、低浓度的3份临床血清重复检测5次,考察其重复性;对实验感染猴的系列血清中抗-HEV IgG含量进行定量检测,考核该定量线性标准品的应用效果;并对每次定量试验中的线性方程进行分析,确定相关系数r值和斜率k值的范围。结果经国内外试剂检测筛选出的阳性血清L9与基因1型和4型的HEV ORF2 C-端抗原及239抗原均有阳性反应。经协作标定,L9血清抗-HEV IgG含量为16.9U/ml。L9血清在-20℃下保存6、12、18个月,2～8℃保存24、48、96h后,定量结果均在95%置信区间内,且抗-HEV IgG含量均未明显下降。6家抗-HEVIgG检测试剂灵敏度差异较大,范围为0.03～5.00U/ml。确定L9血清从0.42U/ml开始的5个1.5倍系列稀释度,作为某一试剂抗-HEVIgG抗体定量线性标准品。利用该线性定量标准检测高、中、低浓度的3份临床血清,定量结果重复性较好;对实验感染猴系列血清进行定量检测,结果可有效地反映抗体水平变化趋势;94%的定量检测试验,r≥0.98,1.15≥k≥0.95。结论已建立了抗-HEVIgG抗体定量线性标准品,可用于疫苗免疫原性评价和流行病学调查。Objective To develop a linear quantitation standard for anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgG antibody. Methods An anti-HEV IgG positive serum sample L9 was screened by using Anti-HEV IgM ELISA kit and Anti-HEV IgG ELISA kit and confirmed by Western blotting with HEV ORF2 C-terminal antigen of genotypes 1 and 4 and 239 antigen, then calibrated by 3 laboratories using WHO quantitation standard. Calculate the anti-HEV IgG content by dose-response parallel line assay, and evaluate the stability of calibrated serum sample. The sensitivities of 6 domestic and imported anti-HEV IgG ELISA kits were evaluated with the calibrated serum sample diluted 1. 5-fold serially. A linear quantitation standard for anti-HEV IgG antibody consisted of 5 dilutions of L9 within the linear determination range of a highly sensitive kit and evaluated for reproducibility by repeat test for 3 clinical serum samples, at high, moderate and low anti-HEV IgG contents respectively, for 5 times. The anti-HEV IgG contents in serum samples of HEV-infected monkeys were determined by the standard, and the determination curves were analyzed to define correlation coefficient r and slope k. Results Serum sample L9 showed positive reaction with HEV ORF2 C-terminal antigen of genotypes 1 and 4 and 239 antigen, and its anti-HEV IgG content was calibrated as 16. 9 U / ml. After storage at -20℃ for 6, 12 and 18 months or at 2 ～ 8℃ for 24, 48 and 96 h, all the quantitative determination results were within the 95% CI, and anti-HEV IgG content showed no significant decrease. The sensitivities of 6 kits evaluated with the L9 ranged from 0. 03 to 5. 00 U / ml. The linear quantitation standard for anti-HEV IgG antibody consisted of 5 dilutions of L9, starting from a concentration of 0. 42 U / ml. The determination results of 3 clinical serum samples showed good reproducibility of the standard. The determination results of sera of HEV-infected monkeys reflected the change of antibody level effectively. The r values of 94% of quantitative determination curves were not less than 0. 98, and the k values ranged from 1. 15 to 0. 95. Conclusion A linear quantitation standard for anti-HEV IgG antibody was established, which was suitable for the evaluation of immunogenicity and epidemical investigation of vaccine

类泛素蛋白及其中文命名

泛素家族包括泛素及类泛素蛋白,约20种成员蛋白.近年来,泛素家族领域取得了迅猛发展,并已与生物学及医学研究的各个领域相互交叉.泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬机制的发现分别于2004和2016年获得诺贝尔奖.但是,类泛素蛋白并没有统一规范的中文译名. 2018年4月9日在苏州召开的《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》专著的编委会上,部分作者讨论了类泛素蛋白的中文命名问题,并在随后的\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"(Ubiquitinfamily,autophagy anddiseases)苏州会议上提出了类泛素蛋白中文翻译草案,此草案在参加该会议的国内学者及海外华人学者间取得了高度共识.冷泉港亚洲\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"苏州会议是由美国冷泉港实验室主办、两年一度、面向全球的英文会议.该会议在海内外华人学者中具有广泛影响,因此,参会华人学者的意见具有一定的代表性.本文介绍了10个类别的类泛素蛋白的中文命名,系统总结了它们的结构特点,并比较了参与各种类泛素化修饰的酶和它们的生物学功能.文章由45名从事该领域研究的专家合作撰写,其中包括中国工程院院士1名,相关学者4名,长江学者3名,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者18名和美国知名高校华人教授4名.他们绝大多数是参加编写即将由科学出版社出版的专著《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》的专家

心理学家Daniel Kahneman获2002年诺贝尔经济学奖

心理学家Daniel Kahneman被授予2002年诺贝尔经济学奖。他遵循1978年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者Herbert A. Simon的“有限理性”理论和启发式的思想,提出3种常见的启发式:代表性、可得性以及锚定和调整。Kahneman发现人类的决策行为常常是非理性和有偏差的,这与传统经济学理论 (期望效用理论)的预期不符,而且这种偏差是有规律的。Kahneman提出前景理论以解释人类在不确定条件下的判断和决策行为。他获得诺贝尔经济学奖是因为他“把心理学的,特别是关于不确定条件下人的判断和决策的研究思想,结合到了经济科学中。”该文列举实例简单介绍了Daniel Kahneman对心理学和经济学的贡献

Psychologist Daniel Kahneman Wins 2002 Nobel Prize in Economics

心理学家Daniel Kahneman被授予2002年诺贝尔经济学奖。他遵循1978年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者Herbert A. Simon的“有限理性”理论和启发式的思想,提出3种常见的启发式:代表性、可得性以及锚定和调整。Kahneman发现人类的决策行为常常是非理性和有偏差的,这与传统经济学理论 (期望效用理论)的预期不符,而且这种偏差是有规律的。Kahneman提出前景理论以解释人类在不确定条件下的判断和决策行为。他获得诺贝尔经济学奖是因为他“把心理学的,特别是关于不确定条件下人的判断和决策的研究思想,结合到了经济科学中。”该文列举实例简单介绍了Daniel Kahneman对心理学和经济学的贡献