面向应用提高数值分析课程教学效果

本文讨论了数值分析课程的特点,针对传统教学模式重理论轻实践的问题,提出了面向应用的教学观点,主张简化理论推导,重视上机实践

Preparation of Aminoantipyrine MIP-CEC Monolithic Column and Its Evaluation with Electrochromatography

以氨基安替比林为模板分子,在内径100μm的石英毛细管内采用原位聚合法制备了分子印迹毛细管整体柱,以电色谱模式分离了氨基安替比林及其结构类似物安替比林,在乙腈(体积分数15%)-磷酸二氢钠缓冲液(5 mmol/L)作为流动相(pH7.0)条件下,18 min内完成分离,分离因子为1.37。考察了缓冲液中乙腈含量、pH值、离子强度对电渗流、溶质保留时间及分离因子的影响,探讨了整体柱识别机理。The monolithic column was prepared by in situ polymerization in a 100 μm i.d.capillary with aminoantipyrine as template.Aminoantipyrine was separated with its analog antipyrine by electrochromatography in 18 min at acetonitrile(15% by volume)-phosphate buffer(5 mmol/L) pH 7.0 with separation factor of 1.37.The effects of acetonitrile content,pH,ionic strength on electroosmosis,retention times of solutes,and separation factor were investigated.The mechanism of monolithic recognition was discussed.福建省青年科技人才创新项目(2004J018);; 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(E0610030

Development of Molecularly Imprinted Monolithic Column for Capillary Electrochromatography

从分子印迹毛细管电色谱整体柱的基本原理入手,介绍了毛细管的预处理方法;讨论了色谱柱制备过程中,印迹分子、功能单体、交联剂、引发剂、溶剂的选择以及比例的影响;比较了光引发及热引发两种聚合方式的特点;阐述了聚合时间、聚合温度的控制;并探讨了色谱分析过程中检测电压、检测温度、流动相组成等操作条件的影响。最后介绍了分子印迹毛细管电色谱整体柱领域一些新的研究方向,并对其今后的发展进行了展望。Molecularly imprinted monolithic column(MIPMC) for capillary electrochromatography(CEC) is a novel technology in analytical science and has shown significant advantage in the separation of chiral compounds or diastereomers.The developments of MIPMC for CEC were reviewed.The principle,methods,pretreatment of capillary as well as the trends and prospect of MIPMC for CEC were discussed.34 papers were cited.福建省青年科技人才创新基金资助项目(2004J018

Continuous prediction technique for fast determination of cyclic steady state in simulated moving bed process

In the simulation of cyclic processes, such as simulated moving bed (SMB), the system should be equilibrated to reach a cyclic steady state (CSS) before evaluating the process performance. However, the conventional method of successive substitution is quite time-consuming. In this work, a continuous predicting method (CPM) is developed for fast determination of CSS in SMB. In CPM, the direct prediction of state variable at CSS and solving model equation are conducted alternately until CSS is reached. In order to give a guideline for the selection of the acceleration factor, CPM is applied on SMB process for enantio separation of 1,1'-bi-2-naphtol racemate and with the optimized acceleration factor, 59% of computation time saved compared with successive substitution. In addition, this method is further successfully used in a sugar separation process. Given its efficiency and simplicity, this method could provide a useful tool for SMB simulations

Study on the Kinetics of L-Tryptophan Adsorption by Ion Exchange Resin

通过静态吸附实验,研究了l-色氨酸在001x7型阳离子交换树脂上的等温吸附和吸附动力学特性。采用动边界模型描述l-色氨酸在该树脂上的交换行为,考察了料液浓度、树脂粒径和温度对交换过程的影响。结果表明,l-色氨酸在001x7型阳离子交换树脂上的吸附等温线符合lAngMuIr等温方程,且随PH降低,树脂的最大平衡吸附量逐渐增大;交换过程的吸附速率随l-色氨酸浓度和温度的升高而增大,但随树脂粒径的增大而减小;离子交换过程的速度控制步骤为颗粒扩散控制。交换过程的反应速率常数k0为1.199x10 5,反应级数为1.7,表观活化能EA为19.94kJ MOl 1,并得到了动力学总方程式。The isothermal adsorption and adsorption kinetics of L-tryptophan by 001×7 cation-exchange resin were studied by static experiments.The Moving Boundary Model was applied to describe the kinetics of the ion exchange process.The effects of experimental conditions including the concentration of L-tryptophan,resin particle diameter and adsorption temperature on the ion exchange process were investigated.The results show that the maximum L-tryptophan adsorption capacity of 001×7 cation-exchange resin increases with decreasing solution pH.It was found that the Langmuir equation fits the adsorption isotherm data best,and the particle diffusion is the rate-limiting step of the adsorption process.The adsorption ratio increases with the increase of L-tryptophan concentration and adsorption temperature,but decreases with the increase of the resin particle diameter.The rate constant of exchange(k0),reaction order() and the apparent activation energy of reaction(Ea) were obtained as follows: k0=1.199×10 5,Ea=19.94 kJ mol 1,and the kinetics equation was obtained too.国家自然科学基金(3107488);福建省自然科学基金(2011J01058);中央高校基本科研专项基金(2011121017

Lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of olive oil in chemically-modified AOT/isooctane reverse micelles in a hollow fiber membrane reactor

The hydrolysis of olive oil catalyzed by Candida rugosa lipase in sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT)/isooctane and the synthetic sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl polyoxyethylene)sulfosuccinate (MAOT)/isooctane reverse micellar systems was investigated in a polysulfone hollow fiber membrane reactor with recycle of the reaction mixture. Lipase was completely retained by the membrane while olive oil and oleic acid freely passed through. The retention of reverse micelles depended on W-0 (molar ratio of water to surfactant). At an olive oil concentration of 0.23 mol l(-1) the final substrate conversion in the MAOT micellar system was about 1.4 times of that in the AOT micellar system

芳樟树叶乙醇提取物的抗癌作用

探讨了芳樟树叶乙醇提取物各部分的抗癌作用。采用系统溶剂法从芳樟树叶得到一系列提取物,运用MTT和集落形成实验法考察各提取物对体外培养的人肺癌95-D细胞、人口腔表皮样癌KB细胞和肝癌HepG2细胞增殖的影响。结果发现石油醚部分A1、氯仿部分A2和乙酸乙酯部分A3对3种肿瘤细胞的增殖和集落形成均有不同程度的抑制作用,且给药量与细胞抑制和集落形成明显的正相关关系。因此,芳樟树叶乙醇提取物在体外有明显的抗肿瘤作用,且抗癌有效组分很可能在它的石油醚部分、氯仿部分以及乙酸乙酯部分

Purification and properties of lipase from a Bacillus strain for catalytic resolution of (R)-Naproxen

A Bacillus strain was screened for asymmetric resolution of (R)-Naproxen. The optical purity (ee (%)) of (R)-Naproxen was found to be 86.47% and conversion rate was 40-50% in bacterial cells PBS reaction system. The dissolved lipase was clarified from the Bacillus bacterial cells by centrifugation and loaded on a phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B column. After purification by a single hydrophobic chromatography, the activity of lipase was approximately 43 times higher than the crude one. The hydrolytic activity of lipase using Naproxen ethyl ester and p-nitrophenyl acetate (p-NPA) as substrate remained essentially constant during the purification procedure. A Bacillus strain with stereoehemical selectivity was obtained. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

Kinetics of lipase deactivation in AOT/isooctane reversed micelles

The stability of lipase in AOT/isooctane reversed micellar solution was investigated. It was found that the lipase deactivated to a stable state that was not completely inactivated. The lipase residual activity after achieving the stable state in AOT/isooctane reversed micelles at 30 degreesC, pH 7.0, W-0 = 8.0 was found to be 0.15, and the first-order deactivation rate coefficient of lipase at the same conditions was regressed to be 0.75 h(-1). The stability of lipase was increased while oleic acid was added. Assuming the protection of oleic acid to lipase stability is due to the lipase-oleic acid complex does not decay, the kinetic model of lipase deactivation in AOT/isooctane reversed micellar solution including the influence of oleic acid was established. It was shown with the model equation that the increase in stability of the enzyme by oleic acid could be quantitatively estimated by the dissociation constant of lipase-oleic acid complex which was

Study on Improving the Teaching Effect of Bioreaction Engineering

在生化反应工程教学中,我们重点讲授理论处理方法,培养科学思维方式;通过互动式教学提高学生学习的积极性和参与意识;补充介绍一些数值计算方法,克服学生对复杂数学问题的畏难情绪。In bioreaction engineering teaching,we put emphasis on theoretical treatment,stressing the creation and cultivation of scientific mode of thinking.The study enthusiasm and desire to participate of students were improved by using interactive teaching.Some numerical methods were supplemented to eliminate the fear of students to some complicated mathematical problems.The daily performance and final examination were combined to give a composite score,which objectively reflecting the grasp degree of a student to this subject.The teaching effect was sastisfactory