常规调强放射治疗技术用于初诊Ⅳb期鼻咽癌骨转移的可行性研究

目的研究评估常规调强放射治疗技术用于初诊Ⅳb期鼻咽癌骨转移的可行性。方法收集15例已经采取TOMO放射治疗的初诊Ⅳb期鼻咽癌骨转移患者的计划，按照相同的临床剂量学要求，在Eclipse治疗计划系统上对靶区设置固定野的常规IMRT计划，采用滑窗技术，其中对鼻咽部位靶区设置等分角度的9野调强，骨转移靶区设置7野或者9野调强，比较分析对应计划的靶区处方剂量覆盖率、高剂量、均匀指数和适形度指数，统计部分危险器官的关键剂量指标差异，以及表征计划运行效率的机器跳数（MU）与治疗时间差异等。对两组数据进行配对t检验分析。结果对于鼻咽部位的靶区两种计划处方剂量覆盖基本相当，IMRT计划在PTVnx部位的剂量均匀性较差且高剂量高于TOMO计划，而在骨转移部位IMRT的处方剂量对靶区覆盖率高于TOMO计划。对于重要的危险器官如脊髓和脑干，IMRT计划的D1%则高于TOMO计划，但双侧腮腺的平均剂量则低于TOMO计划，但所有被评估的危险器官的剂量学指标均在临床要求范围内。结论对于初诊Ⅳb期鼻咽癌骨转移放射治疗，常规IMRT技术可以提供与TOMO技术相当靶区剂量覆盖和正常器官的保护，对于基层无TOMO治疗机的放疗单位可以作为TOMO治疗技术的一种替代

二氧化钛表面光学特性与光催化活性的关系

本文考察了二氧化钛经氢气氛热处理后对其光催化降解苯酚活性的影响。结果ＤＲＳ，ＦＳ，ＸＲＤ等研究手段，发现二氧化钛光催化降解苯酚的活性与其光学特性（吸收光能力和荧光发射强度）有较好的一致性，而光学特性来自表面态。由此，提出了二氧化钛光学表面态的概念，认为与光催化活性密切相关的二氧化钛光学表面态的性质，是由这些钛羟基和低价钛的数量及比例决定的

二氧化钛表面光学特性与光催化活性的关系

本文考察了二氧化钛经氢气氛热处理后对其光催化降解苯酚活性的影响。结果ＤＲＳ，ＦＳ，ＸＲＤ等研究手段，发现二氧化钛光催化降解苯酚的活性与其光学特性（吸收光能力和荧光发射强度）有较好的一致性，而光学特性来自表面态。由此，提出了二氧化钛光学表面态的概念，认为与光催化活性密切相关的二氧化钛光学表面态的性质，是由这些钛羟基和低价钛的数量及比例决定的

A Comparative Study of Pre-Lithiated Hard Carbon and Soft Carbon as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Capacitors

锂离子电容器是一种应用前景广阔的电化学储能器件. 目前，活性炭作为锂离子电容器正极被广泛使用. 然而，锂离子电容器负极却有多种不同选择，如硬碳和软碳等碳材料. 本文使用两种具有不同结构和电化学特性的硬碳和软碳材料作为锂离子电容器负极，进行了对比研究. 研究表明，软碳相比于硬碳有更好的电子导电性和更高的可逆容量. 通过在电流范围0.1 ~ 12 A·g-1下进行充放电测试，分别研究了两种碳基电极在不同涂覆厚度下的倍率性能. 结果显示，硬碳电极在大电流下有更好的倍率特性. 然后，以活性炭为正极，预嵌锂的硬碳和软碳为负极，锂片为锂源和参比电极，分别组装了三电极软包锂离子电容器. 根据三电极充放电测试，分别研究了不同预嵌锂量的硬碳和软碳所组装的锂离子电容器的电化学性能. 结果表明，合适的负极预嵌锂容量可以提升锂电容的能量密度、功率密度和循环稳定性. 最后，大容量硬碳和软碳基软包锂离子电容器被分别组装，软碳基锂电容实现了最高的能量密度21.2 Wh·kg-1（基于整个器件质量），硬碳基锂电容实现最高的功率密度5.1 kW·kg-1.Lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) has emerged to be one of the most promising electrochemical energy storage devices. Presently, activated carbon (AC) is the mostly used cathode material for LIC. Nevertheless, various carbonaceous materials can be used as anode materials, such as hard carbon (HC) and soft carbon (SC). Therefore, HC and SC with different structural and electrochemical characteristics have been investigated as the anode materials of LICs in this work. Compared with the HC electrode, the SC electrode showed higher electronic conductivity and reversible capacity. The rate capabilities of the two carbonaceous materials as a function of coating thickness have been evaluated using a wide range of current densities (0.1 ~ 12 A·g-1). It reveals that the HC electrode exhibited better rate capability. The three-electrode LIC pouch cells have been assembled by using an AC cathode and various carbonaceous anodes with different pre-lithiation capacities. The potential swings and the IR drops of HC- and SC-based LICs have been studied. For both of the LIC systems, the appropriate pre-lithiation capacity could improve electrochemical performances, i.e., energy density, power density and cycling stability. Finally, the large-capacity LIC pouch cells of around 97 mAh were fabricated. The AC//SC LIC achieved the highest energy density of 21.2 Wh·kg-1, while the AC//HC LIC achieved the highest power density of 5.1 kW·kg-1 based on the total weight of the device.  国家自然科学基金项目(No.51677182，No. 51472238，No. 51721005)和北京市科委项目(No. Z171100000917007)资助This study was supported by National Natural Science Fund of China (Grant Nos. 51677182, 51472238 and 51721005), and Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project (Grant No. Z171100000917007).作者联系地址：1. 华南理工大学化学化工学院， 广州 510641； 2. 潍坊科技学院化工与环境学院， 山东 寿光 262700Author's Address: 1. Key Laboratory of Applied Superconductivity, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China通讯作者E-mail：[email protected], [email protected]

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

Prediction of Energy Resolution in the JUNO Experiment

International audienceThis paper presents the energy resolution study in the JUNO experiment, incorporating the latest knowledge acquired during the detector construction phase. The determination of neutrino mass ordering in JUNO requires an exceptional energy resolution better than 3% at 1 MeV. To achieve this ambitious goal, significant efforts have been undertaken in the design and production of the key components of the JUNO detector. Various factors affecting the detection of inverse beta decay signals have an impact on the energy resolution, extending beyond the statistical fluctuations of the detected number of photons, such as the properties of liquid scintillator, performance of photomultiplier tubes, and the energy reconstruction algorithm. To account for these effects, a full JUNO simulation and reconstruction approach is employed. This enables the modeling of all relevant effects and the evaluation of associated inputs to accurately estimate the energy resolution. The study reveals an energy resolution of 2.95% at 1 MeV. Furthermore, the study assesses the contribution of major effects to the overall energy resolution budget. This analysis serves as a reference for interpreting future measurements of energy resolution during JUNO data taking. Moreover, it provides a guideline in comprehending the energy resolution characteristics of liquid scintillator-based detectors

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies