一种文档自动生成模型的构建及其应用

针对企业在编辑数据汇总文档(Word 格式) 时因手动计算、人工校验造成效率低下且容易出错等问 题,通过分析数据汇总文档的特点及其所包含的基本数据类型,提出了一个文档自动生成数学模型。该模型对文 档生成过程中一些必要的操作及文档模板进行了定义,并应用模型经过迭代计算,将文档模板转化为特定日期的 数据汇总文档。该模型已应用于某发电厂的经营决策文档自动生成系统,并成功地集成于工作流系统中。应用实 验表明,该模型是可行且有效的。黑龙江省电力总公司科技攻关资助项

NIJL News No.66 WINTER 2025

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Effects of Global Climate Change on Meteorological Circumstances in Globe and Taiwan Area and Strategies in Response

由於人類活動，增加了大氣中溫室氣體的濃度，加強溫室效應，導致氣候的改變，暖化了地球表面。在此氣候變遷趨勢下，對全球與臺灣地區氣象環境之衝擊與如何因應，是國際問及我國必需面臨的問題。本文主要的目的在回顧近年來有關這方面的研究與報告，並對因應之道提出一些建議。首先討論大氣中溫室效應氣體濃度變化及未來預估的可能排放量，其次探討全球與台灣歷年來氣候變化情況。過去一世紀以來，全球平均氣溫已上升約0.6℃，海水位上升約10~20公分，未來在二氧化碳濃度倍增下，估計全球氣溫與海平面將持續上升。氣候變異性所致的災害性天氣頻率將增加也將趨於更嚴重性，如此氣候環境的明顯改變，不但影響農作物的生產，也將對水資源管理與糧食穩定性造成衝擊。最後提出對溫室氣體排放減量，尤其是能源、森林及農業的控制措施，以及氣候研究與預測，水資源的永續發展與海岸變遷等因應策略。 關鍵詞：溫室效應氣體;氣候變遷;氣候變異性;永續發展。 An increase in the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases resulting from human activities enhances the greenhouse effect, which results in climatic change and warms the earth’s surface. Under the tendency of the climate change, the impact on the meteorological environments in global scale and Taiwan area is an imminent problem that Taiwan and the nations of the world must face. It is the main purpose of this paper to review the related issues and selected previous studies, meanwhile, to make a recommendation and strategy in response to this problem. The variations of long-term atmospheric greenhouse gases and the estimated emissions in the future are described first. Then, the climatic changes around the globe and Taiwan area in the past are investigated. Over the past 100 years, the global mean temperature has risen about 0.6℃, the sea level has risen around 10-20cm. In the response to doubling CO2 for the coming future, the global mean temperature, the mean sea level will continue to rise. The frequency of the disastrous weather caused by the climatic variability will increase and be more severe. Such obvious changes of climatic environment not only affect crop production, but also impact the management of water resources and food supply. Finally, the response strategies, for reducing greenhouse gas emissions; especially from the energy use, forestry and agricultural control options, for the climate researches and predictions, for sustainable development of the water resources and the coastal change, are provided

Climatic Variations and Agrometeorological Disasters Occurred inTaiwan in 2001 Chih-Hsiang Liao

夲文之目的在概述民國九十年臺灣地區之氣候況及農業氣象災害全年影響臺地區的天氣系統有鋒面、東北李大陸冷氣、華南雲雨偏東移、風(含其外圍環流)、熱帶性低氣、低壓帶及西南氣流等，其中有3次寒流伴隨鋒面南下影響灣。全年年均氣溫匾髙溫且冬季偏瑗炎B數除臺北及花蓮兩氣象站多氣候平均值為正距平外，其他地方平或少於平均;寒冷日數則遠少氣候値，為造成全年平均氣匾髙的重要因素。全年年雨量屬多，雨量大部分來自於9月颱風所帶來的貢獻。豪大雨發生日數最多的月份亦集中9月民國九十年有26颱風生成與氣候相近;但其中有7個侵臺颱風，屬多侵臺颱風年，侵臺颱風中尤以納莉颱風之路徑最怪異且創下某些氣象站雨量紀錄。全年因氣象災害造烕之農作物損失金額約新臺幣47億多元，以颱危害最大，其中尤以桃芝及納莉颱風所造成的災害損失最爲嚴重。 The purpose of this paper is to describe the climatic situations and agrometeorological disasters occurred in Taiwan in 2001. The main systems affected Taiwan's weather including front, northeasterly monsoon, continental cold air-mass, easterly moving rainbelt from southern China, typhoon, tropical depression, belt of low pressure and southwesterly now, etc. Three cold waves associated with the front occurred this year. Annual mean air temperature was higher than the average, and resulted in a warmer winter. The numbers of hot-day in 2001, except that in Taipei and Hualien weather stations, were less than normal, but the numbers of cold-day were far less than normal. The decrease of cold days implied that it was an important factor caused high temperature in 2001. Annual rainfall was much higher than normal. Most rainfall was contributed by the typhoon in September. The days of heavy rainfall occurred mostly in September too. Twenty-six typhoons were formed on the northwestern Pacific in 2001, equal to normal. Seven typhoons attacked Taiwan, much more than normal. Among them, the path of Nari was weird and unexpected. It made a long stay, over forty-nine hours, on Taiwan and a record rainfall at some weather stations. The accumulated total loss in crop exceeded forty-seven thousand million NT dollars. The damage caused by typhoon was the most severe among all weather disasters, and the Toraji and Nari typhoons brought the most loss than other typhoons in 2001

風扇飛輪健身車

[[abstract]]我們製作的是一款經過腳踏車改裝運動器材，並且在原本後輪 驅為前將胎移除並裝上自製輪軸與海綿風扇，讓健身運動時不僅可以享受騎車的樂趣也能有微輕吹的感覺，運動起來也不會令人汗流浹背受 的感覺，運動起來也不會令人汗流浹背受 的感覺，運動起來也不會令人汗流浹背受 的感覺，運動起來也不會令人汗流浹背受 [1 、2] ， 我們將一台廢棄的腳踏車直接進行改裝， 我們將一台廢棄的腳踏車直接進行改裝， 我們將一台廢棄的腳踏車直接進行改裝， 我們將一台廢棄的腳踏車直接進行改裝， 我們將一台廢棄的腳踏車直接進行改裝， 我們將一台廢棄的腳踏車直接進行改裝， 我們將一台廢棄的腳踏車直接進行改裝用切割與焊接的 方式連接於主體上，將其改成前有海綿風扇的腳踏車然後再進行測試、 討論有何改善的空間，還所擁特點、優勢。 在我們完成 之後，進行測試時風量的大小沒問題但踩踏候有過振動容易造鍊條跳齒，風扇的材質與是否可以承受長久高速運轉這當初設計時沒注意到地方於是想了幾個改善方式，可以明確解決風量與向的問題但需要較高成本、也要較高的資源與技術，安全性也需在明確考量

Effects of Global Climate Change and Agrometeorology to Agricultural Production (II)

由於大氣組成份改變造成溫室效應的增強,促成地球的溫暖化,也因此引發全球氣候逐漸發生改變.由於氣候變化會干擾農作物的生產過程與產量,因而有關未來糧食安全供應的問題以及糧食生產技術的修正已成為全球各國關注的重點.臺灣地區位於亞洲大陸與太平洋交接之低緯地帶,季風氣候特徵明顯,且島上之高大山系呈南北走向與季風之風向斜交,不僅致使局部地區氣象環境變化多端,且氣象災害種類多且頻繁.本計畫之全程目標即在於: (1) 瞭解全球氣候變遷對臺灣地區農作物生產的衝擊,進而提供可能的因應措施與策略; (2) 調查並開發農民防護農業氣象災害之調適方法,以減少氣象災害對農作物生產的負面影響.本年度的研究重點包含: (1) 利用決策支援系統評估氣象因素對糧食生產之影響:擬利用農業技術轉移決策支援系統(DSSAT)評估降水對臺灣地區水稻生產的影響;並建立臺灣地區性水稻生產與氣象資料庫,以瞭解各地區歷年稻作生產與當時各氣象要素變化(含災變天氣)之影響. (2) 臺灣地區水稻品種物候模式的開發:擬探討臺灣地區水稻品種之發育速率與氣溫、日長等氣象因子間的關係,提供DSSAT模式中有關臺灣地區水稻品種之遺傳參數. (3) 農業災害與農民調適方法之研究:擬探討西螺地區蔬菜生產專業區農民對雨害的防護方法;雲嘉南平原農民對氣象災害識覺及適應方式;以及恆春半島落山風產生的農業災害與農民的適應方式. (4) 氣候變遷情境(scenario)對農作物生長潛祖G分別包括: (1) 瞭解降雨對水稻生產之影響. (2) 建立臺灣地區性水稻生產量與氣象環境資料庫. (3) 提供DSSAT模式有關台灣水稻品種的遺傳參數. (4) 減少雨害對蔬菜的損傷,具有穩定夏季蔬菜生產、確保農民收益、穩定物價等功效. (5) 瞭解雲嘉南地區農民對主要氣象災害的識覺,以及對各種災害所採取的因應措施與防災的態度,可作為防災教育宣導與推廣工作的參考. (6) 瞭解恆春半島落山風造成的農業災害類型,農民對落山風災害的識覺,以及對各種災害所採取的因應措施與防災的態度,可作為防災教育宣導與推廣工作的參考. (7) 提供臺灣地區主要梗稻品種在不同日射、氣溫、根溫環境下生產潛能的基礎資料,是因應氣氣候變遷對梳菜生產衝擊之重要參考依據.Global warming, as results of changes in atmospheric constituents, induces global climate change. Since agriculture production may be significantly affected by global climate change, problems about food supply and proper management practices are the main focus all over the world. Taiwan locates at the junction of Asian continent and Pacific ocean and dominated by monsoon climate. However, mountains in the island, lies mainly in north-south direction, intersect with the predominant wind direction and thus produces many local climatic zones and agrometeorological disasters often occurs. The main goals of this project are (1) to evaluate the impact of climate change to agricultural production in Taiwan and provide response strategies, and (2) to survey the attitude of farmers to agrometeorological disasters and develop methods to reduce the damages in crop production. The research of this year emphasized in (1) Evaluating the effects of agrometeorological factors to crop production by decision support systems. The work included in this topic are using DSSAT model to evaluate the effect of rain to rice production, and establishing a rice-yield database and a meteorological database for various climatic region in Taiwan. (2) Developing a phenological model for rice. The work included in this topic are studying the relation among rice development rate, atr temperature and duration sun shine in order to provide those genetic coefficients needed in DSSAT model. (3) Surveying the attitude and preventive methods of farmers to agrometeorological disasters. The work included in this topic are developing preventive methods for rain damages to vegetables in Silo area, surveying the attitude of farmers to agrometeorological disasters in South-West plain and in Hengchun peninsula. (4) Evaluating crop potential yield under various climatic change scenarios. The work included in this topic are studying the growth pattern, potential yield and rice quality of major rice cultivar grr are (1)understanding the effects of precipitation to rice production. (2) establishing a rice-yield database and a meteorological database for various climatic region in Taiwan. (3) provide needed genetic coefficients of major rice cultivar in Taiwan to DSSAT model. (4) reduce rain damages to vegetables and stabilize the vegetable production in summer. (5) understand the attitude of farmers to agrometeorological disasters in South-West plain, which is very helpful to extension work in the future. (6) understand the attitude of farmers to agrometeorological disasters in Hengchun peninsula, which is very helpful to extension work in the future. (7) providing the growth pattern, potential yield and rice quality ovarious solar radiation, air temperature and root temperature conditions

基于FFTW算法的M-Z周界防护系统

采用FFTW（西方快速傅里叶变换）算法实现了两路接收信号的快速互相关计算,提高了M-Z（马赫-曾德）周界防护系统定位的实时性。搭建了M-Z周界防护实验装置,在6km光缆上进行了振动信号定位测试。在20 MHz采样率条件下实现了21m的定位精度,定位计算时间小于0.5s。实验结果表明,此算法与传统FFT（快速傅里叶变换）算法相比,计算速度显著提高

企業之生態布局與商業模式創新之探討-以特斯拉為例

[[abstract]]本研究深入探討特斯拉公司在建立其獨特生態系統過程中的關鍵貢獻與策略演進。特斯拉透過垂直整合與技術創新，不僅加深了其護城河，強化了競爭優勢，更有效降低了生產與營運成本。此外，特斯拉逐步將營運重心從傳統硬體製造轉向高附加價值的軟體服務，藉由FSD（全自動駕駛）等技術的商業化，大幅提升了整體毛利率，進而保留更多資源以投入研發與全球擴張。透過本研究可明確發現，特斯拉早已超越傳統汽車製造商的範疇，轉型為引領未來科技產業的先鋒。從創新的「一體化壓鑄技術」，到推動自動駕駛革命的FSD系統、前瞻性的Optimus人形機器人、下一代能源密度更高的4680電池、再到整合能源的太陽能與儲能解決方案，特斯拉展現出強大的跨領域整合與創新能力。對於全球的新創企業而言，特斯拉不僅是一個成功企業的典範，更是一個新興產業中勇於顛覆、擁抱變革的領頭羊。其發展模式與創新思維為後進者提供了寶貴的學習範例，也進一步推動整體產業向更高階、更智能、更永續的方向邁進

微控制單晶片結合可程式化邏輯電路人工智慧電腦鼠

[[abstract]]自動化已為工業文明發展史帶來嶄新的階段，時代隨著科技的進步，無論是在生活或者是農工業上所有的產品、機器都朝著自動化發展，而在產業界的工廠皆以自動化為導向，進而達到無人化工廠的目標，以團隊合作的方式，達成自走車在整合時所需的相關知識技術，使自走車可以進一歩的應用在其他的地方。使用硬體式輪循架構提高單晶片運算效率，同時增加邏輯電路上的彈性設計，相對減少電路設計上的困難度。 我們專題的零件組裝包含1.高扭力伺服馬達：能夠提供多元的擴充性以及應用，多組訊號產生器能夠依照需求選擇 2.紅外線接收：使用濾波式接收器減少外界的訊號干擾，提高電路判斷的穩定度3.獨立電源：獨立供應設計能夠分隔電源雜訊的優點。 而在系統上電腦鼠需要整合馬達和光電感測器的技術，使用CPLD當作電腦鼠的神經系統作為溝通平台，與單晶片大腦連結，連接感測器做訊號分析提供給單晶片作判斷，當紅外線感測到物體時就會傳達訊號給單晶片，單晶片做完判斷後再傳送訊號給CPLD，做馬達訊號的控制馬達做正反轉。此外CPLD與PIC18電路板都是由Dip Trace軟體所繪製，再經由洗電路板的過程完成這兩塊電路，電路板洗成功後接著就是依所需大小切割

物聯網智慧生活應用

[[abstract]]現今物聯網技術逐漸成熟，有許多物聯網科技正在我們的日常生活應用中，為了達到智慧生活為目的而產生的物聯網科技，後續衍生出的物聯網商機將更為可望。本次專題嘗試利用物聯網課程中之所學，發展植物栽培的自動灌溉系統，以幫助一般家庭園藝者，達到無需人工灌溉的目的。專題中所運用的物聯網技術與工具包含Arduino控制板、相關之感應器與Access資料庫來達成自動紀錄澆水數據，無需擔心是否有人為疏失。在本報告書內，除介紹系統的設計概念外，亦說明各感測器的工作原理及應用程序，最後將分享本次專題發展過程中所遇到的一些問題及經驗分享，供有興趣嘗試相同應用者做為參考