Therapeutic effect of a new warm moist air device assisted with eyelid massage on office dry eye

目的：比较眼睑加热联合眼睑按摩与人工泪液对办公室干眼的疗效。方法：本研究纳入办公室工作人员干眼患者60例60眼,并随机分为2组。对照组给予人工泪液治疗,试验组给予蒸汽润眼仪联合眼睑按摩治疗。所有受检者均在治疗前、治疗后2、4wk按照以下顺序进行检查：眼表疾病指数问卷表、泪膜破裂时间、角膜荧光素染色、Schirmer Ⅰ试验与睑板腺分泌功能评估。结果：入选60例60眼干眼患者中,48例48眼患者（对照组23例23眼,试验组25例25眼）患有睑板腺功能障碍。4wk的治疗过程中,眼表疾病指数评分（F分组=41.63,P〈0.01）、泪膜破裂时间（F分组=60.47,P〈0.01）与睑板腺分泌物性质评分（F分组=12.12,P〈0.01）,实验组疗效均优于对照组。角膜荧光素染色（F分组=1.79,P〉0.05）、泪液分泌量（F分组=0.17,P〉0.05）与睑板腺管通畅率评分（F分组=0.68,P〉0.05）,两组间差异无统计学意义。结论：睑板腺功能障碍是我国办公室干眼的重要病因,眼睑加热联合眼睑按摩对办公室工作人员干眼疗效优于人工泪液。AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of a new warm moist air device assisted with eyelid massage in the treatment of office dry eye (ODE). METHODS: Sixty ODE patients were recruited, and these patients were randomly divided into two groups. One group received artificial tear treatment, and the other group received a new eyelid warm moist air device combined with eyelid massage treatment. Subjects completed the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), which was followed by fluorescein tear breakup time (BUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), Schirmer I test (SIt) and meibomian gland secretion function evaluation at baseline, and 2 and 4wk after treatment. RESULTS: In these 60 patients, 48 patients (23 in artificial tear treated group and 25 in the new warm moist air device assisted with eyelid massage treated group) were positive for meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Compared to artificial tear treatment, the new warm moist air device assisted with eyelid massage treatment showed favorable therapeutic effect on OSDI (FGroup=41.63, P<0.01), BUT (FGroup=60.47, P<0.01) and the grade of meibum quality (FGroup=12.12, P<0.01) during 4wk treatment in this study. No significant difference was found in SIT (FGroup=0.17, P>0.05), CFS (FGroup=1.79, P>0.05) and meibomian gland expressibility (FGroup=0.68, P>0.05) between the two groups during 4wk treatment. CONCLUSION: This new eyelid warm moist air device assisted with eyelid massage has favorable therapeutic effect over artificial tear in ODE treatment. Copyright 2017 by the IJO Press.国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（No.81500693

A NEW EXPLOITATION METHOD FOR GAS HYDRATE IN SHALLOW STRATUM: MECHANICAL-THERMAL METHOD

天然气水合物是国家的战略能源之一.天然气水合物分解相变使其开采难度高于常规化石能源.国际天然气水合物试验性开采表明通过降压、注热等方法难以满足商业化开采的需求,尤其在水合物位于浅层、软土情况下,持续稳定且高效率的热量供给是其瓶颈.天然气水合物机械-热联合开采是一种新概念模式,即通过粉碎水合物沉积物通过管道输运并在内部分解,这样既增加了传热的表面积,又利用海水热量和对流传热提高了能量供给效率.分析表明:利用该方法开采时水温过高会导致水合物分解过快而产生不稳定流,温度过低又导致水合物二次生成或结冰;水流流速既要能使被粉碎的水合物沉积物颗粒悬浮和流动,又不能导致流动失稳.为了实现高效安全的机械-热水合物开采,经过初步分析提出原位水合物地层粉碎的颗粒直径设定在0.1~1.0cm 之间,控制水流速度为0.22~0.67m/s,温差保证在5 K以上,混合物中水的体积分数大于0.85

Preliminary study on electric resistance of hydrate-bearing sediments

电阻法是探测水合物的一项有效技术手段。通过模拟试验,研究水合物沉积物电阻特性与水合物饱和度等因素的关系,对水合物勘探及储量估算具有重要的意义。通过试验室制样获得粉细砂和黏土骨架的含四氢呋喃(四氢呋喃)水合物土样并对其电阻进行研究。结果发现,当沉积物孔隙中不含液体且骨架的干密度小于一定值时,水合物沉积物的电阻随水合物质量含量的增加而减小,变化范围随干密度的增加而减小;当沉积物孔隙中水合物和液态四氢呋喃共存时,合成试样的四氢呋喃体积分数越大,孔隙中液态四氢呋喃越多,沉积物电阻也就越大,且随水合物饱和度的增加而减小

盖层特性对CO_2埋存逃逸速度的影响

CO2地下埋存盖层逃逸是判定其埋存可行性的重要因素之一。通过理论分析分别建立了盖层渗透、盖层裂隙或者油井、盖层扩散三种气体逃逸与盖层特性之间的关系,并进行了盖层特性对三种逸出方式的影响分析,以及三种逃逸快慢之间的对比。结果表明:初期以渗透逃逸为主,但随着埋存年限的增加,气体盖层渗透减弱,扩散逃逸占主要地位

Advances in study of mechanical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments

Gas hydrate (GH) is defined as the crystalline solid, or clathrate hydrate, which are formed by some kinds of low mass molecular gases, such as methane, carbon dioxide, and hydronitrogen, with water at relatively high pressure and low temperature conditions. Gas hydrate-bearing sediments (HBS) are some sand, clay and mixed sediment containing gas hydrates. Advances in the study on the mechanical properties of HBS are summarized mainly in aspects of the laboratory test, in-situ investigation, and theoretical model. Firstly, the main factors are discussed including the structure of GH, formation method and matrix characteristics of HBS; Secondly, progress on the laboratory tests and results are discussed, which mainly includes the tri-axial tests with the natural and synthesized HBS samples, the acoustic tests for measuring the elastic coefficients, the tests for investigating the effects of main factors such as the gas and water contents and soil types on the strength of HBS. Thirdly, for in-situ investigations, including the geophysical surveying, in-situ tests (such as downhole tests) and results are summarized; Fourthly, several theoretical models for estimating the mechanical properties of HBS are introduced; At last, the emphases and the tendency in the future study on the mechanical properties of HBS are discussed

Surveillance of foodborne pathogenic bacteria contamination in instant food in Jiayuguan

目的了解甘肃省嘉峪关市即食食品中食源性致病菌的污染状况,为食源性疾病预防、控制提供科学依据。方法从选定的监测点和采样场所定期随机采样,按样品原有储存温度要求在最短时间内送达实验室,按《全国食源性致病菌监测工作手册》和gb 4789.10—2010《食品安全国家标准》规定的程序和方法检测分离致病菌。结果全年共采集1 022份样品,检出致病菌119株,总检出率为11.64%;共对7种食源性致病菌进行检测分离,其中蜡样芽孢杆菌检出率最高,为18.12%;食源性致病菌检出率学校周边小铺和小型餐馆中较高,散装食品明显高于定型包装食品,第二季度、第三季度明显高于第一季度、第四季度。结论嘉峪关市售即食食品中食源性致病菌污染较为严重,以蜡样芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌污染为主,主要集中在米面制品、外卖配送午餐、盒饭、婴幼儿食品中。Objective To understand the contamination status of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in food in Jiayuguan,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of foodborne disease.Methods Samples,which were regularly collected from the selected monitoring points and sampling sites the under the original storage temperature of the sample,were delivered to laboratory in the shortest time,and detected and isolated for the pathogens according to the program and method of the The National Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria Monitoring Manual and GB 4789.10—2012 The National Food Safety Standards.Results A total of 1 022 samples were collected in the whole year,and 119 foodborne pathogens were detected with an overall detection rate of 11.64%; 7 kinds of foodborne pathogenic bacteria were detected and isolated,and the highest detection rate was with Bacillus cereus( 18.12%); the detection rate of foodborne pathogenic bacteria was more severe in the shop around schools and the small restaurant; that in the unpacked foods was significantly higher than that in the packaged food; that in the second and the third quarter was higher than that in the first and the fourth quarter.Conclusion Food in Jiayuguan are heavily contaminated by foodborne pathogens,especially Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus,which were dominant in flour products,takeaway delivery lunch,the instant rice and infant food

Experimental study of the sea floor damage due to gas escape in hydrate dissociation

海床下水合物分解可能造成大量的生成气体泄漏.气体渗漏一方面造成海床表层的破坏;另一方面使得海水密度减小造成海上一些结构的安全隐患.本文通过实验研究泄漏气体在水中上升过程中的扩散行为,以及渗漏对海底粉砂土海床的破坏规律.考虑压力,盖层厚度在渗漏气体对盖层土体形态破坏的影响,获得了气体在水中上升过程中的扩散角的特点,以及气体泄漏导致的海床冲刷坑范围随气体压力、土层厚度的变化规律,可以为进一步的研究和工程应用提供参考. 更多还

中国清洁低碳转型的能源环境政策选择——第二届中国能源与环境经济学者论坛综述

为科学解释现阶段中国能源约束与产能过剩、环境污染与温室气体排放等现实经济现象,探讨适应中国经济清洁低碳发展的经济政策、产业政策以及能源环境政策,越来越多的专家学者开始关注并从事于中国能源与环境经济研究。在此背景下,2018年5月19—20日,第二届中国能源与环境经济学者论坛在中国人民大学隆重召开。本届论坛由中国社会科学院经济研究所《经济研究》编辑部、厦门大学中国能源政策研究院、中国人民大学经济学院、北京大学国家资源经济研究中

Biodiversity of the ectomycorrhiza on the rare and endangered tree species Tuga chinensis tchekiangensis(Flous) Cheng in Wuyishan Nature Reserve

对武夷山国家级自然保护区残遗与濒危树种南方铁杉植物群落历经了6年的调查,共采集了123种外生菌根,经显微与超显微技术鉴定了84种,这一结果是迄今为止已发表的,在同一树种中菌根类型最多的记录.它不仅证明了武夷山地区的菌物区系由于处于东西相连,南北贯通的位置上,而且从区系成分上据有温热两带俱全的特点,因而形成生物多样性,并从共生菌的角度再度揭示了物种协同进化的规律.Systematic investigation was made on ectomycorrhizae in the woods of a variety of Tsuga chinensis,tchekiangensis(Flous) Cheng,in Wuyishan Nature Reserve in the past six years.During that period,120 ectomycorrhiza samples were collected and 84 types identified by analysing their macro-micro-and ultrastructure.This is the first time that so many types of mycorrhiza in the forests of the species are reported on.This result has proved Wuyishan's geographical position at the cross where a fungi growing area links the east and west,south and north.Thus the region owns the characteristics of both the temperate and the subtropical zone and it is thus such peculiarity whereby its biodiversity is created.Moreover,considering the results of this investigation in the regard of symbiosis between plants and fungi,their co-evolution is ascertained once more.国家自然科学基金资助项目(39770004);; 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(C97003,D0410002

环孢素治疗中重度干眼症的对照研究

【目的】观察0．2％（2g/L）环孢素滴眼液对中重度干眼症的效果。【方法】将中重度干眼症134例随机分为对照组（65例）和实验组（69例）。对照组应用10g/L羧甲基纤维素钠，4次／d，实验组应用10g/L羧甲基纤维素钠和2g／L环孢素滴眼液，4次/d。两组均连续用药1个月。用药前后均进行荧光素染色检查、泪液分泌检查（STT）、泪膜破裂时间检测（BUT）、结膜印迹细胞检查。【结果】两组比较在治疗前差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），治疗后实验组SIT、BUT比对照组的结果有统计学意义（P〈0．01），实验组治疗前后结果比较有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。对照组的治疗前后比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。【结论】2g/L环孢素滴眼液治疗中重度干眼确有良好的效果