Research trends on alphavirus receptors: a bibliometric analysis

BackgroundAlphaviruses are a diverse group of pathogens that have garnered considerable attention due to their impact on human health. By investigating alphavirus receptors, researchers can elucidate viral entry mechanisms and gain important clues for the prevention and treatment of viral diseases. This study presents an in-depth analysis of the research progress made in the field of alphavirus receptors through bibliometric analysis.MethodsThis study encompasses various aspects, including historical development, annual publication trends, author and cited-author analysis, institutional affiliations, global distribution of research contributions, reference analysis with strongest citation bursts, keyword analysis, and a detailed exploration of recent discoveries in alphavirus receptor research.ResultsThe results of this bibliometric analysis highlight key milestones in alphavirus receptor research, demonstrating the progression of knowledge in this field over time. Additionally, the analysis reveals current research hotspots and identifies emerging frontiers, which can guide future investigations and inspire novel therapeutic strategies.ConclusionThis study provides an overview of the state of the art in alphavirus receptor research, consolidating the existing knowledge and paving the way for further advancements. By shedding light on the significant developments and emerging areas of interest, this study serves as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers engaged in combating alphavirus infections and improving public health

Design A Continuously Tunable Microwave Filter With A Generalized Constant and Frequency Mapping Technique

As the demand for agile and accurate communication increases, the fundamental of communication must be improved to support the needs. Current communication operates on an agreement, that each network company pays government to get licensed a range of frequency on the spectrum, and no others are legally allowed to use. This allows a limited number of users to operates at the same time. As the number of users increase, the spectrum become congested and user experience problem like dropping call. This problem can be solved, if users can be shifted between different licensed frequencies, depending on the capacity of the current spectrum. In this paper, a design method of continuously reconfigurable low-pass filter (LPF) is proposed, to allow shifting between different frequencies. The circuit proposed is the classic ladder type circuit in generalized unit element (GUE) form. The circuit is analyzed using techniques like even/odd-mode analysis, and synthesized using constant and frequency mapping technique. Simulation results on advanced design system (ADS) showed a band pass filter, which can be tuned from 0.5Ghz to 1.0Ghz having a bandwidth of 0.1Ghz. The filter can also be tuned to an ultra-wideband filter with bandwidth from 0.5Ghz to 1.6Ghz, and anything in between. The results have proved the validity and reliability of the design method

MALAT1 affects atherosclerosis by regulating endothelial cell’s microautophagy

Autophagy of vessels endothelial cells is the critical pathological process in atherosclerosis (AS). Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a kind of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that regulates the autophagy of vessels endothelial cells, including microautophagy. However, the relationship between AS and MALAT1 is not completely understood, and microautophagy has been ignored. In this study, I designed the experiments to research the impact of MALAT1 in endothelial cells, which could regulate the progression of AS. In the present study, I design to establish the AS model mice with low MALAT1 level. The expression level of MALAT1 needs to be detected to verify the mouse model. Then, the intensity of microautophagy of endothelial cells of mouse model and normal mouse are detected by RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence assay, and observation directly with electron microscope. The atherosclerosis progression and plaque stability are detected by comparing the rations of macrophage/vascular smooth muscle cell and collagen/lipid. This paper only provides theoretical experiment design and possible results about how MALAT1 affects AS by regulating microautophagy of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) which needs additional research in the pathology of atherosclerosis. This paper provided the possibility that MALTA1 regulates the microautophagy in VECs and MALTA1 may be the target to cure AS

Modulatory effect of Althaea officinalis L root extract on cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity and cell proliferation in A549 human lung cancer cell line

Purpose: To explore the modulatory effect of an Althaea officinalis root extract (AORE) on cisplatininduced cytotoxicity and cell proliferation in a lung cancer cell line.Methods: Aqueous AORE was obtained from peeled and powdered roots. The effect of cisplatin on cytotoxicity and cell proliferation was studied. The cisplatin concentrations tested ranged from 0 - 30 mg/mL. Cell viability and proliferation were studied using trypan blue and MTT assays, respectively. The cells were also exposed to a combination of cisplatin and the AORE.Results: Cisplatin yielded a 50 % inhibitory concentration at 25 mg/mL and exhibited a dose-dependent cell proliferation loss. Combined use of the root extract and cisplatin had significant (R2 = 0.8305) modulatory effects on cytotoxicity and antiproliferative activities. The best inhibitory effects were observed in cells exposed to a combination of 8 or 10 % AORE and 25 mg/mL cisplatin. The optimal effect on cell proliferation was obtained using 25 mg/mL cisplatin and 10 % v/v AORE.Conclusion: The enhanced activity of cisplatin in combination with AORE was more pronounced for cell proliferation than cytotoxicity, indicating that AOREs may be used to control tumor progression and metastasis.Keywords: A549 cells, Althaea officinalis, lung cancer, cell proliferation, cell viability, cisplatin, modulatory effec

Multilayered input-reflectionless quasi-elliptic-type wideband bandpass filtering devices on diplexer-based structures

This article is an expanded version from the 2020 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC2020), Hong Kong, Dec. 8–11, 2020 [DOI: 10.1109/APMC47863.2020.9331419]. (Corresponding authors: Li Yang; Roberto Gómez-García.)Classes of input-reflectionless wideband bandpass filters (BPFs) and balun BPF with quasi-elliptic-type (QET) responses are reported. They consist of two signal-transmission parts in multilayered diplexer-based topologies, as follows: 1) a BPF channel shaped by a two-/three-port reflective-type BPF/balun on a microstrip-to-microstrip vertical transition and 2) an input-absorptive bandstop filter (BSF) channel built with a shunt resistively terminated lowpass filter (LPF) that is composed of hybrid microstrip sections and open-circuit-ended microstrip stubs. Two real-frequency out-of-band transmission zeros (TZs) are generated in these RF filtering devices using a cascaded short-circuit-ended two-section microstrip line and two shunt open-circuit-ended half-wavelength microstrip lines, respectively. Using a higher order LPF network, enhanced passband amplitude flatness and improved stopband power absorption ratio levels for the devised BPFs are attained. As design examples, two third-order BPFs with a shunt resistively terminated microstrip T-junction and a $\pi$ -shape structure, respectively, are first provided. Afterward, a higher order BPF based on two cascaded replicas of a third-order BPF unit is designed to show highly increased stopband power attenuation levels and enhanced power absorption ratio profile within the stopband-to-passband transitions. Subsequently, their application to an input-absorptive QET fourth-order wideband balun BPF is presented. The operational principles of these BPFs and balun are detailed by the developed design procedures, in which their associated impedance-type design parameters are synthetically determined. As practical validation, four microstrip prototypes corresponding to three 2-GHz wideband BPFs and one 1-GHz broadband balun BPF are manufactured and tested. These input-reflectionless wideband filtering components experimentally feature the desired merits in terms of QET responses, enhanced passband amplitude flatness, and improved stopband power absorption ratio levels.Agencia Estatal de InvestigaciónEuropean Comissio

Input-reflectionless low-pass filter on multilayered diplexer-based topology

A class of two-layered input-reflectionless diplexer-based LPF is reported in this letter. By using a resistively-terminated wideband microstrip vertical transition by the first time for this application, an input-reflectionless response for the conceived LPF device is realized. The RF operational foundations and theoretical examples of this input-reflectionless LPF design approach have been shown and experimentally verified with the development and characterization of a two-LPF-unit microstrip prototype with extended reflectionless stopband.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y CompetitividadEuropean Commissio

Fast Collision-Free Multi-Vehicle Lane Change Motion Planning and Control Framework in Uncertain Environments

In this article, we focus on the design, test and validation of a hierarchical control framework capable of optimizing lane change trajectories and steering the motion of multiple automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in an uncertain environment. In the upper-level maneuver planning phase, a convex feasible set-based real-time optimization algorithm is adopted to plan the optimal motion trajectories for AGVs. The main novelty of this approach lies in its optimization process, where a sequence of convex feasible sets around the current solution is iteratively constructed such that the nonconvex collision avoidance constraints can be approximated. Subsequently, an improved sequential convex programming (SCP) algorithm is designed and applied to reshape the current maneuver trajectory in the preconstructed convex feasible sets and reduce the error caused by successive linearization of vehicle kinematics and constraints. The planned lane change trajectories are then provided to the lower-level motion controller, where a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based collision-free tracking control method is established and applied onboard to produce the control commands. This approach has the capability to deal with unexpected obstacles (e.g., those that suddenly appear around the vehicle). The proposed training method integrates a consensus algorithm with actor-critic deep reinforcement learning to allow multiagent training to achieve faster training speed and improved performance compared with single-agent training. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed design are verified by carrying out simulation case studies. Moreover, the validity of the designed hierarchical control framework is further confirmed by executing hardware-in-the-loop tests.<br/

Rethinking the Number of Shots in Robust Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning

Robust Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) is usually adopted to train a meta-model which may fast adapt to novel classes with only a few exemplars and meanwhile remain robust to adversarial attacks. The conventional solution for robust MAML is to introduce robustness-promoting regularization during meta-training stage. With such a regularization, previous robust MAML methods simply follow the typical MAML practice that the number of training shots should match with the number of test shots to achieve an optimal adaptation performance. However, although the robustness can be largely improved, previous methods sacrifice clean accuracy a lot. In this paper, we observe that introducing robustness-promoting regularization into MAML reduces the intrinsic dimension of clean sample features, which results in a lower capacity of clean representations. This may explain why the clean accuracy of previous robust MAML methods drops severely. Based on this observation, we propose a simple strategy, i.e., increasing the number of training shots, to mitigate the loss of intrinsic dimension caused by robustness-promoting regularization. Though simple, our method remarkably improves the clean accuracy of MAML without much loss of robustness, producing a robust yet accurate model. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms prior arts in achieving a better trade-off between accuracy and robustness. Besides, we observe that our method is less sensitive to the number of fine-tuning steps during meta-training, which allows for a reduced number of fine-tuning steps to improve training efficiency