KOH活化法制备煤基活性炭

新疆煤炭资源丰富,约占全国总储量的40%。活性炭是一种优良的吸附剂,原料来源广泛,其中以新疆煤炭为原料制备高性能的煤基活性炭可以增加煤炭的高效利用,提高其经济价值。但由于煤炭的灰分含量普遍较高且组成复杂,以物理活化法制得的煤基活性炭性能较低,因此本文采用kOH为活化剂,研究碱碳比、终温和升温速率对活性炭比表面积和孔结构的影响,最终确定煤基活性炭的最佳制备工艺条件为:碱碳比2:1、活化终温800℃、升温速率5℃/MIn,在此实验条件下制得比表面积为1560 M2g-1,孔容为0.622CM3g-1的煤基活性炭

呼吸阻力感觉的多级评量、最小可觉差梯级与等感关系

本文报道将类别判断的模糊集模型以及最小可觉差梯级、等感关系概念用于呼吸感觉研究的方法及结果:1.应用基于模糊集理论的多级估量法较满意地解决了呼吸阻力感觉的评量问题。对37名被试者由本法测得的呼吸感觉量不仅能正确反映呼吸负荷时相所致的差异,且其导出的心理物理函数符合幂定律。而古典类别量表则不具备此种性质。2.将多级估量量表与最小可觉差(JND)梯级测定相结合,得以阐明人对于一定范围阻力负荷的辨别能力与感觉体验之间的关系。由9名被试者测得,10—500mmH_2O·I~(-1)·s的单相阻力负荷所对应的感觉连续体一般包括6—7个JND梯级; 还测得每一个梯级的感觉量。3.在此基础上所进行的等阻力感曲线测定则有助于系统地阐明呼吸感觉量随总阻力值及两个时相阻力比值而变化的规律。由13名被试者测得的、基础阻力值以上2,3,4JND梯级的等呼吸阻力感曲线,均可由二次抛物线方程拟合。分析曲线的意义得知:人对于联合阻力的耐受能力最高; 对于呼气相口腔压力波动最敏感。本工作提出了系统地阐明各种外加阻力生理-心理效应的新途径

The Species and Toxicities of Nassariidae Collected from the Coast of Southeast China Sea

为了解我国东南沿海地区织纹螺体内的毒素状况,利用生物法对采自我国东南沿海的织纹螺样品毒性进行了测定.实验结果和相关资料表明:织纹螺的毒性与其种类关系密切.光织纹螺(nASSArIuS ruTIlAnS)、正织纹螺(zEuXIS SCAlArIS)和节织纹螺(nASSArIuS HEPATICuS)为有毒织纹螺;纵肋织纹螺(nASSArIuS VArICIfEruS)、习见织纹螺(nASSArIuS dEAlbATuS)和胆形织纹螺(nASSArIuST HErSITES)为无毒织纹螺;方格织纹螺(nASSArIuS ClATHrATuS)、西格织纹螺(nASSArIuS SIQuInJOrEnSIS)、半褶织纹螺(nASSArIuS SEMIPlICATuS)、红带织纹螺(nASSArIuS SuCCInCTuS)、疣织纹螺(nASSArIuS PAPIllOSuS)、花织纹螺(zEuXIS CASTuS)、素面织纹螺(nASSArIuS SufflAyuS)和橡子织纹螺(nASSArIuS glAnS)毒性不明,可能为季节性有毒织纹螺.多种织纹螺的毒性变化规律目前尚不清楚,人们应尽量避免食用织纹螺.To investigate the distribution of toxic Nassarius in the southeast coast in China, we detected snail samples collected from these areas by bioassay.Results indicated that the toxicity of Nassarius was relative to species.Nassarius rutilans, Zeuxis scalaris, and Nassarius hepaticus were toxic gastropods, and Nassarius variciferus, Nassarius dealbatus, and Nassarius thersites were nontoxic gastropods, while the toxicity of Nassarius clathratus, Nassarius siquinjorensis, Nassarius semiplicatus, Nassarius succinctus, Nassarius papillosus, Zeuxis castus, Nassarius sufflayus, and Nassarius glans probably changed with the season.The change regularity of Nassarius's toxicity is still unknown.Therefore the best way to prevent humans from the harmful effects of Nassarius is to stop eating them.人事部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项

Concentration Protile of Etchant Measured by Microelectrode Technique in the Process of Chemical Micromachining

利用微圆盘电极技术,测定了KBr、L-胱氨酸和硫酸组成的刻蚀溶液体系中Pt电极表面电化学氧化产生的刻蚀剂Br2浓度分布,为约束刻蚀剂层技术(CELT)中刻蚀体系的选择和优化提供更直观的依据.GaAs表面CELT微加工实验证明了用微圆盘电极测得的表面刻蚀剂的浓度分布趋势与微加工实验所得到的结果一致.A carbon-disk microelectrode was used to investigate the surface concentration profile of etchant Br2, which was electrogenerated on the Pt working electrode. The steady state reducing currents of Br2 at different distances away from the Pt electode was measured. The concentration profile was estimated from the current-distance variation curves as a function of different sampling times. Experimentally determined concentration profiles are in good agreement with those estimated from the microetching results. The microelectrode technique has offered a good method to choose suitable etching solution for chemical micromachining.国家高新技术发展规划(863项目)(2002AA404170);; 福建省自然科学基金计划资助项目(E0520001

法学家眼中的和谐社会

从现有权威性文献看,“和谐社会”是执政党要追求的一种社会状态,更是一种涉及面极其广泛的治国方略。在这个过程中,法律、法学和法学家的作用举足重轻。面对如此重大议题,法学家应当表达观点、提出诉求、发挥专业功能。基于这种考虑,本刊特邀部分中青年法学家进行了笔谈,希望他们的文章能引起讨论,促进法律界、法学界形成一些基本共识

Concentration protile of etchant measured by microelectrode technique in the process of chemical micromachining

A carbon-disk microelectrode was used to investigate the surface concentration profile of etchant Br-2, which was electrogenerated on the Pt working electrode. The steady state reducing currents of Br-2 at different distances away from the Pt electode was measured. The concentration profile was estimated from the current-distance variation curves as a function of different sampling times. Experimentally determined concentration profiles are in good agreement with those estimated from the microetching results. The microelectrode technique has offered a good method to choose suitable etching solution for chemical micromachining

Approach to Robotization of Concrete Boom Truck for Construction

对混凝土泵车布料机构的运动姿态调整采取了最优控制 ,解决了泵车机器人化的运动分析的臂解问题 ,论述了泵车动态分析中应解决和注意的问题 ,给出了泵车控制自动化的程序流程图和控制系统图 ,从而为提高泵车施工过程的自动化和泵车的机器人化提出了新的思

6H－SiC MOS结构电特性及其辐照效应的研究

对SiC MOS结构辐照引起的电参数退化及其电特性进行了研究。结果说

多晶硅后热退火引起SiO_2栅介质可靠性下降的原因分析及其抑制方法

实验研究表明，多晶硅后的高温退火明显引起热SiO_2栅介质击穿电荷降低和FN应力下电子陷阱产生速率增加。采用N_2O氮化则可完全消除这些退火效应，而且氮化栅介质性能随着退火时间增加反而提高。分析认为，高温退火促使多晶硅内H扩散到SiO_2内同Si-O应力键反应形成Si-H是多晶硅后SiO_2栅介质可靠性退化的主要原因；氮化抑制退化效应是由于N“缝合”了SiO_2体内的Si_O应力键缺陷