Reversed Flow Injection Analysis of Nitrate in Drinking Water with UV-induced Reduction to Nitrite and Spectrophotometric Detection

1引言硝酸盐广泛存在于各种环境水体中。当饮用水中硝酸盐浓度过高时,可能对人体健康造成危害;地表水中硝酸盐大量积累,则可能引起藻类过度繁殖,溶解氧耗竭,水质恶化。目前,检测硝酸盐的最常用方法是将硝酸盐还原为亚硝酸盐,再经重氮偶联反应后由分光光度法进行测定[1]。此类方法已较好地与流动分析技术相结合,广泛应用于测定环境样An environmental friendly method was developed based on reversed flow injection(r-FIA) with UV-induced reduction of nitrate to nitrite and spectrophotometric detection.Sample or standard solutions were mixed with a phosphate buffer solution containing diethylenetriaminepentaacetate(DTPA),and then passed through a UV reduction reactor equipped with an 8 W low pressure mercury lamp,where the nitrate was reduced to nitrite.The formed nitrite was detected with spectrophotometric method through Griess reaction.Less than 20 μmol/L of nitrite showed no effect on the nitrate analysis.Reduction efficiency over 80% was obtained.The detection limit of the proposed method was 0.053 μmol/L and linear range was 0.2-40 μmol/L.A sample of 20 μmol/L nitrate was continually measured for 48 times,and a RSD of 2.22% was obtained.The recoveries of drinking waters were between 90.9%-100.6%.国家“863”项目(No.2007AA061501);“长江学者和创新团队发展”计划(No.40821063)资助项

3D-printed integrative probeheads for magnetic resonance

射频探头前端作为核磁共振设备的核心部件之一，极大程度的决定着系统实验性能的优劣。探头前端通常由射频线圈、射频电路及样品检测管道等部分组成。现有的射频线圈制作技术主要是通过手工或机械手段按照所需的线圈形状进行绕制。但是，当线圈结构较为复杂、不规则，或体积尺寸较小时，常规绕制方法便难以满足结构设计和制造的精度需求，因此造成线圈性能的劣化，增大检测区域的射频场不均匀性，对核磁共振检测产生负面影响。本研究中，利用3D打印熔融沉积制造或光敏树脂选择性固化技术精确加工出一体化磁共振探头前端，使用常温液态金属填充线圈模型管路形成射频线圈，搭建出稳定的一体化磁共振射频探头。利用高精度3D打印和液态金属灌注技术制备出包含有射频线圈和定制化样品管道结构在内的一体化磁共振射频探头前端，克服了传统磁共振三维微型线圈成型困难、与样品腔匹配程度差等问题，提高了探头的信噪比，为定制化的磁共振检测提供了新思路。 该工作由厦门大学电子科学与技术学院陈忠教授、游学秋副研究员和孙惠军高级工程师共同指导完成，博士研究生谢君尧为论文第一作者。厦门大学电子科学与技术学院黄玉清高级工程师、王忻昌副教授、倪祖荣助理教授、硕士研究生张德超，化学化工学院杨朝勇教授、博士研究生李星锐，萨本栋微米纳米科学技术研究院陈宏教授为合作作者。【Abstract】Magnetic resonance (MR) technology has been widely employed in scientific research, clinical diagnosis and geological survey. However, the fabrication of MR radio frequency probeheads still face difficulties in integration, customization and miniaturization. Here, we utilized 3D printing and liquid metal filling techniques to fabricate integrative radio frequency probeheads for MR experiments. The 3D-printed probehead with micrometer precision generally consists of liquid metal coils, customized sample chambers and radio frequency circuit interfaces. We screened different 3D printing materials and optimized the liquid metals by incorporating metal microparticles. The 3D-printed probeheads are capable of performing both routine and nonconventional MR experiments, including in situ electrochemical analysis, in situ reaction monitoring with continues-flow paramagnetic particles and ions separation, and small-sample MR imaging. Due to the flexibility and accuracy of 3D printing techniques, we can accurately obtain complicated coil geometries at the micrometer scale, shortening the fabrication timescale and extending the application scenarios.The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants U1632274, 11761141010, U1805261, 11475142, 22073078, and 61801411), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M622075).研究工作得到国家自然科学基金、中国博士后科学基金等项目支持

一株新的重组蛙病毒A67R-RGV的构建及基因67R的初步功能鉴定

沼泽绿牛蛙病毒(Rana grylio virus, RGV)属于虹彩病毒科(Iridoviridae),蛙病毒属(Ranavirus),其基因组中含编码尿嘧啶脱氧核糖核苷三磷酸酶(dUTPase)的基因67R。通过构建缺失67R的重组病毒A67R-RGV,探讨67R在RGV复制和感染过程中的功能。首先构建携带有作为标记的绿色荧光蛋白(Enhanced green fluorescence protein, EGFP)基因的质粒(pGL3-67RL-p50-EGFP-67RR),然后将该质粒与RGV基因组在67R位点进行同源重组(homologous recombination),并接种到培养的鲤鱼上皮瘤细胞(Epithelioma papulosum cyprinid, EPC)单层细胞中。利用荧光显微观察,判断并筛选有感染性的重组病毒(A67R-RGV)。经过十轮挑斑分离,直至在普通显微镜下观察到的细胞病变空斑与荧光显微镜观察到的绿色荧光空斑完全吻合,获得一株新的、纯化的重组蛙病毒A67R-RGV。再以野生型蛙病毒(wt-RGV)为对照,分别扩增并提取wt-RGV和A67R-RGV的基因组DNA,进行PCR检测。结果显示,在wt-RGV基因组中可检测到67R;但在A67R-RGV基因组中仅检测到EGFP,却检测不到67R,证实在构建重组病毒时,EGFP的确按预期插入67R位点。进一步分别测定了 wt-RGV与A67R-RGV的一步生长曲线,结果无显著差别,表明67R及其编码产物dUTPase的缺失并不影响RGV的正常复制,67R为病毒非必需基因

一株新的重组蛙病毒A67R-RGV的构建及基因67R的初步功能鉴定

沼泽绿牛蛙病毒(Rana grylio virus, RGV)属于虹彩病毒科(Iridoviridae),蛙病毒属(Ranavirus),其基因组中含编码尿嘧啶脱氧核糖核苷三磷酸酶(dUTPase)的基因67R。通过构建缺失67R的重组病毒A67R-RGV,探讨67R在RGV复制和感染过程中的功能。首先构建携带有作为标记的绿色荧光蛋白(Enhanced green fluorescence protein, EGFP)基因的质粒(pGL3-67RL-p50-EGFP-67RR),然后将该质粒与RGV基因组在67R位点进行同源重组(homologous recombination),并接种到培养的鲤鱼上皮瘤细胞(Epithelioma papulosum cyprinid, EPC)单层细胞中。利用荧光显微观察,判断并筛选有感染性的重组病毒(A67R-RGV)。经过十轮挑斑分离,直至在普通显微镜下观察到的细胞病变空斑与荧光显微镜观察到的绿色荧光空斑完全吻合,获得一株新的、纯化的重组蛙病毒A67R-RGV。再以野生型蛙病毒(wt-RGV)为对照,分别扩增并提取wt-RGV和A67R-RGV的基因组DNA,进行PCR检测。结果显示,在wt-RGV基因组中可检测到67R;但在A67R-RGV基因组中仅检测到EGFP,却检测不到67R,证实在构建重组病毒时,EGFP的确按预期插入67R位点。进一步分别测定了 wt-RGV与A67R-RGV的一步生长曲线,结果无显著差别,表明67R及其编码产物dUTPase的缺失并不影响RGV的正常复制,67R为病毒非必需基因