Application of Domain Decomposition Method in Eddy Current Testing Simulation

随着现代制造业的发展,涡流检测仿真问题日渐复杂。传统的单一求解区域方法的运用遇到瓶颈,而分解区域方法将复杂的单一区域上的求解转化为较简单的若干个子区域上的求解,克服了传统方法遇到的困难。该文主要介绍分解区域方法在涡流检测仿真中的应用。With the development of modern manufacturing,eddy current testing simulation becomes more and more complex.The traditional method using a single solution domain is not able to solve such problems.The domain decomposition method transforms complex solution on a single domain into relatively simple solution on subdomains and thus overcomes the difficulties of the conventional method.This article mainly introduces the use of domain decomposition method in eddy current testing simulation.航空科学基金项目资助(批准号:2009ZD68004

Deep Spherical Panoramic Representation for 3D Shape Recognition

三维形状识别是近年来较为热门的研究方向,针对其中的三维模型形状的表达方法和识别问题,提出一种多分支卷积神经网络下的三维模型识别方法.该方法通过对; 三维模型进行球面深度投影得到球面全景图;为了提高识别精度,将每个模型的球面全景图从多个角度展开,创建多幅平面图像作为识别系统的输入;识别系统使用; 多分支的卷积神经网络,并将多幅全景图进行整合分析,最终得到一个三维模型的识别结果.对三维模型进行分类和检索的实验结果表明,文中方法的识别效果优于; 近年来的前沿方法,对三维模型进行检索的准确度甚至超过了多视图识别方法.3D shape recognition is a hot topic in recent years. This paper proposed; a 3D model recognition method with multi-branch convolutional neural; network (CNN) to address the problems of 3D shape representation and; recognition. The inputs of the proposed method are spherical panoramas; by deep spherical projection of 3D models; to improve recognition; accuracy, the spherical panorama of the shape first unfolded on various; orientations to produce multiple rectified images as input of; recognition frame; the recognition system consists of a multi-branch; CNN, which analyzes the panoramas as a whole to produce the final; recognition result. The experiment results of retrieval and; classification on various of 3D dataset showed that the performance of; our method is better than the state-of-the-art methods, and the; retrieval accuracy outperforms that of multi-view method.国家自然科学基

Research on the Skin Effect of Carbon Fiber Composites

良导体在平面电磁场作用下的趋肤效应有简单的公式描述,而涡流检测中电各向异性材料的趋肤效应却非常复杂。该文通过对碳纤维复合材料的涡流检测进行有限元仿真,研究涡流检测中电各向异性材料的趋肤效应。The skin effect of anisotropic material is much more complex than that of good conductors which is described by a simple formula.In the article,we will explore the skin effect of anisotropic material by simulating the eddy current testing ofcarbon fiber composites with finite elementmethod

Conversion of Biomass to Novel Platform Chemical γ-Valerolactone by Selective Reduction of Levulinic Acid

生物质是唯一能替代化石资源转化得到液体燃料及化学品的可再生资源,近年来,催化转化生物质制备各种平台化合物的研究受到了人们越来越广泛的关注。和乙酰丙酸(lA)一样,γ-戊内酯(gVl)也被认为是一种具有广泛应用潜能的新型生物质基平台化合物。目前,人们已经开发出多种催化剂和反应体系用于催化生物质基lA选择性还原制备gVl。根据氢源的不同可将lA制备gVl的途径概括为4种:分别以分子H2、甲酸(fA)、合成气和醇类作为氢源的途径。本文着重从氢源的差异来归纳和总结生物质基lA选择性还原制备gVl的途径及其研究进展,以期为寻找一种高效、经济、环保的gVl合成途径提供一些思路和参考。Biomass is the only renewable resources on the earth that can be converted to liquid fuels and chemicals to replace fossil resources.Recently,the catalytic conversion of biomass to platform molecules has attracted more and more attentions from the researchers worldwide.γ-Valerolactone( GVL) is regarded as a platform molecule that has extensive application potential,similar to levulinic acid( LA).Up to now,various of catalysts and reaction systems were developed and applied to the selective reduction of biomass-derived LA to GVL,and the hydrogenation of LA can be driven by various hydrogen sources,including molecule H2,formic acid( FA),syngas and alcohols.In this review,the catalytic hydrogenation routes and recent research progress for the reduction of LA are systematically summarized in view of the diversity of hydrogen sources.The future research trends of the selective reduction of LA to GVL are suggested.国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2010CB732201); 国家自然科学基金项目(No.201106121); 中央高校基本业务费专项资金项目(No.2010121077); 厦门大学研究生基础创新基金(No.201212G006)资

Controllable fabrication of Cu_2O porous nanostructured films by negative bias deposition method

由于具有低成本、无毒、铜源丰富等优点,以及在气敏传感器、太阳能电池、光催化等领域的潜在应用前景,; Cu_2O薄膜引起了人们的广泛关注.采用射频平衡磁控溅射镀膜系统,在薄膜沉积过程中通过施加不同衬底负偏压可控制备了Cu_2O多孔纳米结构薄膜.研; 究发现,所得Cu_2O薄膜具有灵活可调的孔隙度和纳米构筑单元形貌特征,并且它们与衬底负偏压的大小密切相关;薄膜沿衬底法线方向呈柱状生长且具有显著; 的(111)择优取向;禁带宽度在2.0~2.35; eV之间可调.很明显地,传统的溅射离子轰击、再溅射理论并不适合用来解释上述负偏压效应,因此在此基础上提出了一种负偏置沉积过程中材料原子或分子在薄; 膜表面选择性优先沉积机制.As one of the most common two kinds of copper oxides, cuprous oxide; (Cu_2O) is an important p-type transition metal oxide semiconductor; material. Due to the advantages of low-cost, non-toxicity and abundant; copper sources and the potential applications in the fields of gas; sensors, solar cells and photocatalysts, thin films of Cu_2O have; attracted great interest of researchers. To enhance the performances of; the above Cu_2O-based surface-sensitive devices and materials, the; researchers tend to prepare Cu_2O thin films of porous or even; nanoporous structures. However, there is still no effective method; available for the controllable fabrication of Cu_2O porous; nanostructured films (or porous nanostructure-films, short for PNFs),; which owns not only the common features of porous thin films but also; the unique properties of nanosize building units. By using a; radiofrequency balanced magnetron sputtering (MS) deposition system, in; this paper, Cu_2O PNFs were prepared on clean glass slides by applying; different negative bias voltage during film deposition. After the; preparation, a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), a; grazing-incidence X-ray diffractometer (GIXRD) and an; ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer were applied subsequently; for the detailed characterizations of surface morphology, texture and; optical property respectively. It was observed that the as-prepared; Cu_2O PNFs exhibited flexible porosities and nanosize building units,; which were greatly dependent on the substrate negative bias voltage. In; particular, when the substrate bias voltage was kept at -50 or -150 V,; the as-prepared Cu_2O PNFs both demonstrated intriguing triangular; pyramid-like nanostructures with distinct edges and corners on the; porous film surface. Further, the side view FESEM images and the; out-of-plane GIXRD spectra demonstrated a columnar growth of the Cu_2O; PNFs with a notable preferential orientation of (111). The optical; testing results showed that the band gap of the Cu_2O PNFs obtained at; different negative bias voltages was tunable between 2.0 and 2.35 eV,; which demonstrated a little red or blue shift relative to that of bulk; Cu_2O (2.17 eV). It is expected that the traditional ion bombardment and; re-sputtering theories are not suitable for the explanation of the above; bias voltage effects. This is because the traditional ion bombardment; and re-sputtering theories were proposed to account for the bias; deposition in an unbalanced magnetron sputtering (MS) system rather than; the present balanced MS system. Further, the experimentally observed; non-linearly changed density or porosity of the Cu_2O PNFs with the bias; voltage at relatively low values and the common even surface at; relatively high values confirmed this viewpoint. Based on the above; findings and analysis, a selectively preferential deposition of material; atoms or molecules on the film surface during the negative bias; deposition was proposed. That is, when the substrate is negatively; biased, the tipcharging effect of electrons would occur on the nanoscale; rough surface of the substrate or the depositing film. The resulting; electric field near the substrate or film surface is non-uniform and; could be regarded as an assembly of many electric fields of particle or; tip charges.国家自然科学基金; 江苏省自然科学基金; 江西省教育厅科技项目; 江西省自然科学基

负偏置沉积法可控制备CuO多孔纳米结构薄膜

由于具有低成本、无毒、铜源丰富等优点,以及在气敏传感器、太阳能电池、光催化等领域的潜在应用前景,CuO薄膜引起了人们的广泛关注.采用射频平衡磁控溅射镀膜系统,在薄膜沉积过程中通过施加不同衬底负偏压可控制备了CuO多孔纳米结构薄膜.研究发现,所得CuO薄膜具有灵活可调的孔隙度和纳米构筑单元形貌特征,并且它们与衬底负偏压的大小密切相关;薄膜沿衬底法线方向呈柱状生长且具有显著的（111）择优取向;禁带宽度在2.0.35 eV之间可调.很明显地,传统的溅射离子轰击、再溅射理论并不适合用来解释上述负偏压效应,因此在此基础上提出了一种负偏置沉积过程中材料原子或分子在薄膜表面选择性优先沉积机制.国家自然科学基金(51501018,11574255)；江苏省自然科学基金(BK20150267,BK20141169)；江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ161197)；江西省自然科学基金(20132BAB212005)资助

厦门综改区社会管理创新的实践及其特色

创新社会管理是厦门全面实施综合配套改革试验的重要内容。本文探索厦门实施综合配套改革试验区在基层社区治理、基层公共服务、社会志愿参与、社会组织管理、涉台事务治理等五大领域的创新实践,总结其创新经验及特色。作者认为厦门综合配套改革试验区已经初步探索出一条以民生优先、协同治理、制度创新、技术支撑为特征的社会管理创新之路,逐步形成政府与其它社会主体协同创新的社会管理新模式。厦门大学985工程公共管理重点学科建设项目; 福建省2012年度社科规划重点项目“推进厦门综合配套改革试验区社会管理体制创新研究”(项目编号:2012A015

Damage to mangroves from extreme cold in early 2008 in southern China

通讯作者Author for correspondence (E-mail: [email protected])2008年初,我国南方19个省经历了50年一遇的持续低温雨雪冰冻天气。极端气候对华南沿海各省的红树林区造成不同程度的危害。2008年3月,在我国南方各省红树林区的10个代表性地点,对这次寒害造成的红树植物伤害程度进行了系统的调查。结果表明:冬季低温对红树林的影响极为显著,特别是在低纬度的海南、广西和广东湛江,由于极端低温正值夜间退潮,对红树林的影响更为显著;在纬度较高的福建,本地红树种类秋茄(Kandelia obovata)、桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum)和白骨壤(Avicennia marina)及引种的木榄(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)等,由于长期适应于冬季较低的气温或在种植前经过抗寒锻炼,具有较强的抗寒能力。各地主要红树植物中,广布种秋茄、桐花树和白骨壤最为耐寒,其耐寒性均大于红树科的木榄、海莲(Bruguiera sexangula)和红海榄(Rhizophora stylosa)。海桑(Sonneratia caseolaris)对温度的敏感性最强,抗寒能力最低,因此,即使在其原产地海南也受到较为严重的寒害,在纬度更高的引种地出现大面积受害甚至全部死亡,而从孟加拉国引种的无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)却显示出一定的抗寒能力。同一地点的红树植物幼苗的抗寒能力低于大树。此次寒害也造成了苗圃场的种苗大量死亡,成熟的植株提前落花落果,这势必会影响后继一两年内红树林的自然更新和人工造林。因此,在未来红树林造林或人工引种中,一定要考虑到红树植物的抗寒能力。国家自然科学基金(30671646和30700092);厦门大学“闽江学者”启动基

企业培训，哪“加”强？

进入职场之后，培训对于每个人都不再是一个陌生的名词，只不过不同的企业、不同的人会选择不同的培训形式。举例来说，财大气粗的企业会组织开展为自己量身定做的内部培训，而且有专门的“培训专员”甚至“培训部”来负责这块内部业务，给予培训的讲师既有内部的专职培训师和专业经验丰富的老前辈，也有外部聘请来的合作讲师。相比之下，实力弱一些的企业，或者需要接受培训的人员本身就不太多，根本都凑不齐内部的培训班，这时候就会选择采购外部专门的管理培训机构举办的“公开课”，这也就像今天比较火爆的“众筹”一样，每个公司只需要出几个人的培训费用，然后许多公司的人聚到一起听课，这样既能省钱也能多拓展一下人脉，还是蛮不错的，因此许多时候都是自己掏钱请假来参加培训。更弱一些的企业是什么样子的呢？自然就是没有什么培训经费的了。但是这样的企业员工也是有获得培训的机会的。因为许多培训机构或者讲师为了推自己的课程和服务都会开设一些公益的培训或者沙龙，还有就是网上也有许多不错的培训资源可以提升自己，而在这个时候真正重要的就是身处在这种企业当中的员工的主动学习的积极性了

你为何总跟亲近的人发怒

很多人在工作中待人接物处处体现自己的温文儒雅、风度涵养,但是往往在跟朋友、父母甚至伴侣说话时,却毫无耐心和平静可言&hellip;&hellip;虽然在表面上看,发脾气的人所体现出的是一种强势、不讲理,比如所说的&quot;大男子主义&quot;。但是,如果从TA交互分析心理学的角度来看,其实此时发脾气的背后隐藏起来的,反而是一种处在&quot;顺从型儿童&quot;能量之下的弱小和恐惧的内在自我。</p