无人机遥感技术在小麦生产中的应用综述

小麦全生育过程的精准化管理是未来农业发展的重要趋势,对小麦生长状态的快速诊断和监测是实现小麦生产精准化管理的基础.遥感技术是监测小麦生长状态的常用手段,无人机遥感技术具有便捷、高效、低成本等优势,近年来越来越多的应用于农业生产.主要阐述了无人机和传感器的种类以及无人机遥感技术在小麦叶绿素含量、叶面积指数、氮素含量、生物量及产量等生长指标监测方面以及小麦品质监测方面的研究进展,以期为无人机遥感技术在小麦生产中的精准化作业提供参考

Molecular Cloning and Its Transformation of ACC Synthase NtACS1Gene from Narcissus tazetta var.Yunxiang'

为探究多花水仙ACS基因的序列特征及功能,以云香'水仙盛花期花瓣为试验材料,根据云香'水仙花朵转录组数据信息,通过RT-PCR方法克隆出1个AC; S基因,命名为NtACS1(GenBank; KX082936);NtACS1开放阅读框(ORF)长度为552bp,编码183个氨基酸。编码蛋白质分子量约为20.6KDa,理论等电点为6.3; 0,不稳定系数为65.49,属于不稳定的疏水性蛋白。通过qRT-PCR对云香'水仙不同时期花瓣和副冠中的NtACS1基因进行了表达分析,得到与云; 香'水仙花朵转录组数据中相同的结果:NtACS1基因在云香'水仙花瓣和副冠中的表达都是随着花衰老过程呈现逐渐下降的趋势,且NtACS1基因在花瓣; 和副冠中的表达峰值都在花苞期,表明; NtACS1基因编码的蛋白是在乙烯生物合成途径的系统1发挥催化作用的ACC合成酶。成功构建了NtACS1基因的正义植物表达载体,并通过农杆菌介导; 法获得8株转基因烟草,PCR和RT-PCR检测显示其中有6株为阳性植株,初步证实NtACS1基因已导入烟草基因组中且在烟草中已表达。该研究结果为; 进一步分析NtACS1基因的功能和后续转化水仙延长其花期研究奠定了基础。Aimed to study the characteristics and functions of ACSgene,in the; present study,we cloned a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthetase; gene named NtACS1(GeneBank KX082936)based on the RNA-Seq database from; the flower of Narcissus tazetta var.Yunxiang'using RT-PCR method.The; length of the open reading frame(ORF)of ACSis 552bp,encoding 183amino; acids coupled with a molecular weight of 20.6kDa and theoretical; isoelectric point of 6.30.qRT-PCR analysis showed that the relative; expression level of NtACS1both in petals and coronas are decreased; gradually along with the aging of flower.Moreover,the expression data of; NtACS1gene were consistent with those obtained by RNA-Seq, implied that; the NtACS1protein as an ACC synthetase might play a role in the; catalytic system 1 of ethylene biosynthesis.Furthermore,sense plant; expression vectors of NtACS1were successfully constructed with; agrobacterium mediated transformation,and 6positive transgenic tobacco; plants were ultimately obtained. Our current study will lay an; experimental foundation for the future application of the genetic; transformation to prolong florescence ofYunxiang'.福建省种业创新与产业化工程项

Isolation and Function Analysis of NtWRKYY1Transcription Factor Gene in Narcissus tazetea var.Yunxiang

为明确WRKY转录因子在云香水仙中的功能,该研究以云香水仙为材料,克隆了WRKY基因,命名为NtWRKYY1(GenBank登录号为KX0564; 95)。序列分析显示,NtWRKYY1基因开放阅读框(ORF)长度为510; bp,编码169个氨基酸。多序列比对和系统进化树分析显示,NtWRKYY1编码蛋白含1个WRKY结构域和C_2H_2锌指结构(Cx_4Cx_(2; 3)HxH),与AtWRKY57聚在一起,属于第Ⅱc类WRKY转录因子。组织表达和时空表达分析显示,NtWRKYY1基因在花中表达量高于根和叶,; 且在花瓣及副冠中的表达量随开花过程(花蕾期、始花期、盛花期、衰败期)呈上升趋势。植物激素和非生物胁迫分析显示,NtWRKYY1基因受脱落酸(AB; A)、高温、干旱和盐诱导,受茉莉酸甲酯(JA)抑制,表明NtWRKYY1基因可能在云香水仙花朵的衰老过程中起正调节作用,同时参与云香水仙ABA、; JA等激素信号转导及高温、干旱、盐碱等非生物胁迫过程的调控。利用In-Fusion克隆技术成功构建过表达载体pMDC140-NtWRKYY1,并; 采用农杆菌介导叶盘法转化烟草。RT-PCR和GUS染色结果显示,目的基因已成功导入烟草基因组中。WRKY transcription factors play an important adjusting role in the; process of plant growth and development,hormone signal transduction and; abiotic stress response.To clarify the gene Narcissus tazetea; var.Yunxiang,we cloned the NtWRKYY1gene(GenBank accession; No.KX056495)based on Yunxiang,analyzed the gene sequence; features,evolutionary relationship and expression characteristics,; constructed the expression vector before transformed into; tobacco.Sequence analysis revealed that the length of NtWRKYY1gene open; reading frame(ORF)is 510bp,encoding apolypeptide of 169amino; acids.Multiple alignments and phylogenetic analysis showed that; NtWRKYY1protein containing one WRKY consecutive structural domain and; C_2H_2type zinc finger(Cx_4Cx_(23)HxH)belong toⅡc sub-group of WRKY; transcription factor together with Arabidopsis AtWRKY57.Tissue-specific; expression and temporal and spatial expression showed that; NtWRKYY1inYunxianghad a much higher expression in flowers than that in; roots and leaves,and a rising express trend in petal and corona of; alabastrum stage,early flowering stage,full bloom stage and faded; stage.NtWRKYY1can be induced by abscisic acid(ABA), high; temperature,drought and saline,and restrained by methyl; jasmonate(JA)through hormones and abiotic stresses analyzing.We can; concluded that NtWRKYY1gene may play a regulating role during the flower; senescence process inYunxiang,involve in the hormone signal transduction; of ABA,JA and the abiotic stress regulation of high temperature,drought; and saline at the same time.In addition,we constructed overexpressing; vector pMDC140-NtWRKYY1using In-Fusion cloning technique,transformed; into tobacco by the method of Agrobacteriumthough leaf disc; transformation.The carrier of PCR and GUS staining results indicated the; resistant plantlets were positive.This study will make a good foundation; for further exploring the function of the WRKY transcription factor; inYunxiang.福建省种业创新与产业化工程项

基于卫星追踪的燕隼秋季迁徙路线及中途停歇地的研究

2022年8—11月，利用卫星跟踪技术结合实地调查，对东北地区燕隼（Falco subbuteo）秋季的迁徙路线及中途停歇地的利用进行了研究。结果表明：（1）燕隼的迁徙路线经过我国东北、华北以及南部沿海地区，一直延伸到东南半岛、孟加拉国，最远到达非洲肯尼亚，位于东亚-澳大利西亚和中亚-东非迁徙路线上。调查期间燕隼平均日迁飞距离为（305.57 ± 141.93）km，瞬时飞行速度大多处于20 ≤ v < 40 km/h， 最快瞬时飞行速度为109.50 km/h。最远迁徙至非洲肯尼亚的燕隼，迁徙距离达 11 715.26 km，其最长的跨海不停歇迁飞距离为2 861.47 km，平均速度为31.79 km/h；最长的陆上不停歇迁飞距离为1 285.99 km，平均速度为47.63 km/h。（2）对影响燕隼迁徙启动的气候因子探究发现，迁徙启动与风向（r = -0.678，P < 0.001）和平均气温（r = -0.482，P < 0.05）均存在显著的负相关，说明北风和降温促进燕隼开始迁飞。（3）分析燕隼迁徙过程中的日活动节律，发现其活动量从06：00开始逐步增加，15：00左右达到峰值，此时的平均活动量为（2 313.49 ± 97.67）次；随后活动量逐渐减少，21：00降至最低，从21：00至次日06：00，活动量保持在较低水平，平均活动量为（341.73 ± 292.33）次。（4）燕隼在秋季迁徙期间有2或3个中途停歇地，主要分布在辽东半岛、山东半岛以及东南亚地区。使用动态布朗桥模型计算燕隼在中途停歇地的活动区域，结果显示燕隼95% dBBMM、90% dBBMM和50% dBBMM平均活动区域面积分别为（82.91 ± 100.24）、（51.47 ± 59.93）、（4.66 ± 3.00） km2，个体之间的活动面积不存在显著差异（P > 0.05）。（5）对燕隼中途停歇地的核心活动区域（50% dBBMM）土地利用类型分析发现，燕隼中途停歇地的土地利用类型主要为耕地，其次是草地、建筑区和林地。研究结果可为燕隼及其栖息地保护策略的制定提供参考