量子顶点代数理论和量子仿射代数

在广义的顶点代数领域中,一个基本的公开问题是,建立一个适当的量子顶点代数理论使得量子仿射代数和量子顶点代数自然地联系起来.部分地受Etingof和Kazhdan的量子顶点算子代数理论的启发,自2005年,作者系统地发展和研究了一个(弱)量子顶点代数及其拟模和φ-坐标拟模理论,建立了一些经典代数(如双杨氏代数)同量子顶点代数的自然联系,特别是最终给出了量子仿射代数同该意义下的弱量子顶点代数的一个自然联系.在此联系中,相对应的弱量子顶点代数在理论上存在,但其具体结构仍需要进一步去确定,并需证明它们是量子顶点代数.在某种程度上讲,这给所提的公开问题提供了一个初步答案.另一方面,这个理论在其发展的同时已被用来建立一些重要的代数同量子顶点代数的联系,显示了该理论的实用价值.本篇综述概括总结作者在这方面的主要结果,其中包括Zamolodchikov-Faddeev代数、无中心双杨氏代数、量子βγ-系统和量子仿射代数同(弱)量子顶点代数的联系.国家自然科学基金(批准号:11471268和11571391)资助项目

Inulin Molecular Detection Methods of High-Performance Gel FiltrationChromatography and Changes in Inulin Molecular Weight During Storage

菊芋是一种耐盐抗旱植物,可用于生产菊糖.菊糖具有良好的生物活性,其活性受到聚合度的影响.本研究对比了各项条件,总结得到了一套可以用于测定菊糖相对分子量的高效凝胶过滤色谱(HPGFC)方法:纯水为流动相,0.8 m L/min洗脱,Shodex OHpak SB-804HQ色谱柱检测,柱温控制在30℃,样品进样量为每次20μL,检测器为示差折光检测器(RID),采用Sigma公司生产的右旋糖酐标准品,绘制二次方的标准曲线,检测菊糖的相对分子质量.同时利用确定的凝胶过滤色谱(GFC)方法,观察了种植于海岸带盐碱地的菊芋块茎采收后在贮藏过程中的菊糖分子量的变化,发现在?20℃的贮藏条件下,菊芋中的菊..

The Role of Microorganisms in the Geochemical Iron Cycle

铁元素虽然只在地壳含量中位列第4,但却是地球上分布最广的变价金属元素之一,微生物介导的铁循环及其与生源要素碳、氮、氧和硫等耦合的氧化还原反应是微生物地球化学循环的重要驱动力.由于铁循环过程中氧化态三价铁Fe(Ⅲ)在环境p H条件下大多以不溶状态存在,因而由其参与的地球化学循环进程通常较为缓慢.研究表明,微生物在铁元素的地球化学循环过程中起着举足轻重的作用,并在该过程中参与矿物的生成与转化.近年来的最新研究发现,参与地球化学铁循环的微生物之间,微生物与矿物之间,以及矿物介导的微生物之间存在着多样的相互作用,而含铁矿物介导的微生物胞外电子传递机制是其中最受瞩目的研究热点.本文综述了微生物介导的地球..

塔里木沙漠公路防护林生态工程的综合生态环境效应

为了探讨重大工程的生态环境效应,从风沙环境、土壤环境、小气候、生物多样性和地下水环境5个方面对塔里木沙漠公路防护林工程的综合生态环境效应进行了研究.结果表明:(1)防护林改变了近地表风沙运动过程,防沙体系内风速、输沙率降低幅度分别达64%~80%和87.45%~99.02%,风沙流结构、沙物质粒度、地表蚀积状况也发生了明显变化;(2)与自然流沙地相比,防护林土壤容重减小,全盐含量、总孔隙度和含水量增大,土壤肥力质量明显提高,其变化基本呈现"先快后慢"的规律;(3)防护林对于小环境改善作用明显,距地面6m范围内,林地不同高度的空气温度普遍低于自然流沙地,而空气湿度则高于自然流沙地,林地土壤温度也低于自然流沙地;(4)随着防护林内生境的变化,土壤微生物种类显著增加,但不同种类微生物的种群分布并不均匀;(5)目前防护林灌溉抽水对地下水位、地下水矿化度的影响不大,水位在厘米级范围波动,矿化度的变化幅度在±1g·L-1左右,且没有明显的变化趋势

实验室建设与运行管理的探索与实践

文章阐述了高校实验室建设在\"双一流\"建设中的重要支撑作用。结合厦门大学化学化工学院物理化学实验室建设和管理的探索与实践,从物理化学实验室建设特点出发,探讨了如何统筹管理、规划、设计、整合、优化实验室布局结构等,并分享了实验室装修、改造过程中的思路和举措。建一流实验室促进实验教学的长远发展,充分发挥物理化学实验室在培养一流人才中的作用,以期推动\"双一流\"工程良好快速发展。2017年厦门大学教学改革研究项目(JG20170222);;\n国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(J1310024);;\n2016年度教育部“基础学科拔尖学生培养试验计划”研究课题资

MEMS Infrared Emitter Based on SOI Wafer

提出了一种利用微机电系统(MEMS)制造工艺技术制备的硅基微型红外光源。该光源使用绝缘体上硅(SOI)晶片作为基底材料,其上沉积多晶硅材料并通过离子注入工艺实现材料的电阻加热发光特性,SOI晶片上的单晶硅层通过重掺杂实现辐射光背向吸收自加热效应。利用SOI晶片中的掩埋二氧化硅层为刻蚀停止层,通过背面深反应离子刻蚀(drIE)技术制备微米量级的薄膜发光层结构。光源表面工作温度和辐射光谱分别通过红外热像仪和光谱辐射计测量得到。实验结果表明,该光源在表面温度约700 k时,1.3--14.5μM波长内的能量转换效率约为5.58%,光源的调制频率在50%的调制深度下接近40 Hz。A micro-electro-mechanical systems(MEMS) infrared(IR) emitter is presented.The IR emitters are fabricated on silicon-on-insulator(SOI) wafer,and the resistance heating film on the SOI wafer used boron-doped polysilicon by ion implantation technology.The single crystal silicon on SOI wafer is designed as a heavily-doped infrared absorption layer for realizing the self-heating effect.The light-emitting layer is fabricated by using deep reactive ion etching(DRIE)process on the backside of SOI wafer,and the buried SiO2 layer of the SOI wafer is used as etching stop layer to control the thickness of light-emitting layer.The surface temperature and emission spectrum of IR emitter are measured by thermal imaging system and spectroradiometer.The experimental results show that in the case of surface temperature of about 700 K,the energy conversion efficiency is about 5.58% in the spectrum range of 1.3--14.5 μm.The experiments also show that the modulation frequency can reach to 40 Hz at 50% modulation depth.航空科学基金(20080868011;20080868009)资助课

Species Diversity and Altitudinal Gradient Patterns of Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest in Meihuashan National Natural Reserve,Fujian Province

作者简介: 孔祥海( 1965－ ) 男，硕士，副教授，主要从事植物学和生态学的教学与研究工作。E-mail: kongxianghai@ sian.com[中文文摘]常绿阔叶林是福建梅花山国家级自然保护区地带性植被。采用样带与典型群落调查法对区内的常绿阔叶林14400m2样地展开调查,并对植物多样性海拔梯度格局进行分析,结果表明:(1)群落植物物种丰富度、Gleason丰富度指数、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数的均值分别为64.42、10.75、5.75、3.50、0.58,且这5种指数在各样带间差异极为显著,并随海拔的升高均呈单峰曲线变化,峰值出现在海拔700m～900m。(2)群落各层次的植物物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener指数均呈现灌木层(包括幼树和层间植物)>乔木层>草本层的特征。乔木、灌木层物种丰富度与乔木层Shannon-Wie-ner指数在海拔梯度上的样带间差异极显著,变化趋势与群落相似;灌木层与草本层Shannon-Wiener指数以及草本层物种丰富度随海拔梯度变化不明显。因此,梅花山自然保护区常绿阔叶林植物物种多样性的海拔梯度格局呈现单峰分布,并支持中间高度膨胀模式(mid-domainmodel)。[英文文摘]In China,evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBLFs) is one of the most important vegetation types which was widly distributed in subtropical area,and it plays a very important role in the global biological diversity and natural environment conservation also.In order to reveal species diversity and altitudinal gradient patterns of evergreen broad-leaved forest in Meihuashan National Natural Reserve,Fujian Province.Five altitude transects were set up at a vertical interval of 200 m between 375 m and 1 300 m above sea level in the EBLFs distribution areas，and twentyfour quadrats (14 400 m2) had been surveyed.Species richness (S),species richness index (dGl) ,Simpson index (D) ,Shannon-Wiener index (H') ,Pielou evenness index (J) had been used for analysis of species diversity and altitudinal gradient pattern of EBLFs.The average value of S,dGl ,H',J and D were 64.42,10．75,5.75,3.50,0.58 respectively.The difference of community species diversity index (S,dGl,DH',and J) was extremely significant between transects，and the altitudinal gradient patterns of species diversity presented the unimodal variable trend，with a peak in the mid-altitude (700 m－900 m) .The species richness and Shannon-Wiener index of different layer were ranked as shrub layer ( include young tree and the plants between layers) ＞arbor layer＞herb layer.The species richness of tree and shrub layer，and Shannon-Wiener index of tree layer were significantly different between at transects，and trends of altitude gradient was similar to community.The Shannon-Wiener index of shrub layer and herb layer，and the species richness of herb layer did not change significantly along elevation gradient.Therefore，plant species diversity distribution pattern presented a unimodal variable trend along an elevation gradient，and supported“mid-domain model”in EBLFs of Meihuashan National Nature Reserve．国家自然科学基金项目“自然保护区生物多样性容量、通量和质量研究”(30370275);; 福建省自然科学基金项目“武夷山脉主要裸子植物天然林群落现状与保护研究”(2007J0354

Conceiving the United Management System of the Sea Area Environment Around Xiamen and Jinmen Islands

分析两地海洋环境管理体系互补、互动关系 ,提出优化管理资源配置 ,构建一个两地协调的海洋环境管理体系的设想 ,从体制上解决分割的管理体系与统一的管理目标—金厦海域管理的矛盾The paper analyses the complementary and inderdynamic relations of ocean environmental management system between Xiamen and Jinmen,and then puts forward the conceive of optimizing management resource configuration and constructing the United Management System of the sea area around Xiament and Jinment Islands to resolve the contradictory between the management goal and the management systems

Determination of Trace Metal Elements in Crude Oils by Microwave Digestion-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry Assisted with Organic Solvent

李景喜( 1980 － ) ，男，山东临沂市人，研究实习员，从事分析化学研究。E-mail: jxli@fio．org． cn。[中文摘要]建立了二氯甲烷溶剂辅助微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定原油中V、Cr、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、Mo、Co、Pb等16种微量金属元素。研究表明,用CH2Cl2分散原油样品,以浓HNO3-H2O2为消解体系,采用CEM微波消解系统消解样品,各元素线性关系良好,相关系数≥0.9995;检出限可达ng/L;方法精密度较高,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=3)<5.0%;回收率为92%～110%。以w(Ni)/w(V)与w(Fe)/w(V)比值为变量参数对不同原油样品进行聚类分析,表明国内与国外不同地区原油样品中各金属元素含量差异较大。[英文文摘]A method for determination of V,Cr,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,Mo Co,Pb,etc in different crude oils was established by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry assisted with organic solvent microwave digestion.The oil sample was digested by microwave using HNO3-H2O2 as oxidant after dispersing in organic solvent(CH2Cl2).The results showed that the detection limits of the method reached ng/L level for sixteen elements.The linear correlation of the method was preferable with the correlation coefficient of better than 0.9995． The recoveries of the method were in the range of 92% ～ 110% with the precision of less than 5.0% RSD (n=3)．The ratios of w(Ni)/w(V) and w(Fe)/w(V) were distinct in different crude oil samples from oversea and domestic，and the index can be used to the cluster analysis for differencing the crude oil samples．国家海洋局第一海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资助(2010G23);海洋公益性行业科研专项资助(200705011);海洋溢油鉴别与损害评估技术重点实验室开放基金资助(200920

The Morphology of the Primary Dental Arch of Chinese Children in Shijiazhuang-City Part-I: Research concerning the size of the primary tooth crown, primary dental arch and the condition of primary occlusion

The purpose of this study was to investigate the size of the primary tooth crowns, primary dental arches, standard values and frequency distribution of primary occlusion in Chinese children. With the cooperation of a kindergarten in Shijiazhuang-city, China, the dental plasters from 55 children (36 boys and 19 girls, age range from 3-6 years old) with normal primary occlusion were collected. Because of different growth rates of the children, these children were divided into two groups, one comprising children less than 5 years old and the other of 5 years old or older. According to the method that the Japanese Society of Pediatric Dentistry reported, the data were statistically analyzed and compared to Japanese children. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Except lower primary lateral incisors, the values of the mesio-distal width of primary crowns of each tooth were significantly larger for boys than for girls in all tooth types. Also the Chinese children were inclined to show smaller mesio-distal tooth crown width than those of the Japanese children in all types of teeth. 2. Compared with the Japanese children, the Chinese children were inclined to show smaller primary dental arch length both in the maxilla and the mandible. But in the senior group, the Chinese girls were inclined to show smaller primary dental arch width than their Japanese female counterparts. On the contrary, the Chinese children tended to show larger dimensioned primary dental arch height than those of the Japanese children. 3. Though spaces between teeth (primate and growth spaces) were found in the Chinese children, the frequency was lower than that of the Japanese children. 4. The frequency of terminal plans in the Chinese children was 41.8% in the vertical type, 6.4% in the distal-step type and 51.8% in the mesial step type. 5. The primary canines occlusal relationship in the Chinese children was 63.1% in type I, 13.6% in type II and 23.7 in type III