Association between Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Lower Extremity Atherosclerotic Disease

目的:研究汉族人群中亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase,MTHFR)基因多态性与下肢动脉粥样硬化(lower extremity atherosclerotic disease,LEAD)的相关性。方法:收集福建省闽南地区384例(LEAD者224例,健康者160例)的临床资料及外周血;LEAD检查采用踝肱指数(ABI)、趾肱指数(TBI)、多普勒彩超和其他影像学检查等手段;选取MTHFR基因rs1801133、rs1801131、rs2274976、rs4846048、rs3737966、rs1537515、rs4846049、rs3834044、rs13306561和rs3737964等10个单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNP)位点进行基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱分析技术(matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight,MALDI-TOF)的基因分型。结果:10个SNP位点均符合HardyWeinberg平衡;rs4846048与rs3737966等37个位点之间存在明显连锁不平衡现像(D'均大于0.9);MTHFR基因GCCTCGGAAT单倍型在LEAD和正常组的分布差异有统计学意义(P=0.02);等位基因频率的χ~2检验显示rs1801131(OR=1.287);rs4846048(OR=1.844,P=0.02);rs3737966(OR=1.339);rs4846049(OR=1.314)和rs3737964(OR=1.522);且rs4846048位点的趋势χ~2检验(cochran-armitage trend test,TREND)、显性基因检验(Dominant gene action test,DOM)均显示LEAD与正常组之间分布频率的差异有统计学意义(P 0. 9) and so on. There were significant differences( P = 0. 02) in GCCTCGGAAT haplotypes of MTHFR gene groups between LEAD cases and the normal groups. The results from chi-square test of allele frequencies suggested rs1801131( OR = 1. 287),rs4846048( OR = 1. 844,P = 0. 02),rs3737966( OR =1. 339),rs4846049( OR = 1. 314) and rs3737964( OR = 1. 522). Significant differences( P < 0. 05) were observed between LEAD and the normal groups in Cochran- Armitage trend test and Dominant gene action test of rs4846048. Conclusion: The SNP of rs1801131,rs4846048,rs3737966,rs4846049 and rs3737964 might be associated with the susceptibility of LEAD,and rs4846048 gene mutation might serve as a risk factor for LEAD in the community-based population.2013年度南京军区医学科技创新课题(编号:MS098);; 解放军第175医院青年苗圃基金项目(编号:13Y015

Evaluation of convective PCR for the detection of influenza A virus

目的评价热对流PCR应用于口岸现场甲型流感病毒快速检测的效果。方法设计热对流PCR的引物和探针,用于甲型流感病毒的检测。用甲型和乙型流感病毒毒株和入境发热人员的鼻咽拭子样本验证热对流PCR的检测灵敏度、特异性及稳定性,并与市售商品化实时荧光定量PCR试剂比较检测甲型流感病毒的效果。结果通过对8株甲型流感病毒和1株乙型流感病毒毒株进行检测,热对流PCR对H1、H3及H5亚型的甲型流感病毒毒株的检测下限为0.001~0.005HAU,具有较好的检测广谱性,且不与乙型流感病毒发生交叉反应。对155份鼻咽拭子样本进行检测,和实时荧光定量PCR相比,检测灵敏度为94.74%,特异性为97.44%,且具有很好的检测稳定性。结论热对流PCR具有很高的检测灵敏度和特异性,可用于口岸现场的甲型流感病毒快速筛查。Objective To evaluate the efficiency of convective PCR on rapid detection of influenza A virus at frontier ports. Methods The convective PCR primers and probe were designed for the detection of influenza A virus.Influenza A virus strains,influenza B virus strain and nasopharyngeal swabs of entry travelers with fever were used to analyze the sensitivity,specificity and stability of convective PCR. The detection efficiency of convective PCR was compared with commercial Real-time PCR kit. Results A broad detection spectrum of convective PCR was observed in testing 8 influenza A virus strains with different genotypes（H1、H3 and H5）and 1 influenza B virus strain,the detection limit of convective PCR for influenza A virus strain was 0.001 ~0.005 HAU. There was no cross reaction with influenza B virus. When convective PCR was applied to the detection of 155 nasopharyngeal swabs,comparison with Real-time PCR,the detection sensitivity was 94.74%,the detection specificity was 97.44%,and the detection stability was good. Conclusion Convective PCR had a high sensitivity and specificity,was fit for the rapid detection for influenza A virus at frontier ports.厦门市科技惠民计划项目（3502Z20174044）; 国家质检总局科技计划项目（2014IK045）; 福建省自然科学基金项目（2010J01152

Separation and purification of catalpol from Radix Rehmanniae

An ultrasonic extraction technology of preparing catalpol from Radix Rehmanniae was optimized by a uniform experimental design.The optimum conditions for ultrasonic extraction were thus established: 68% (vol) ethanol aqueous solution as extraction solvent,the volume(ml) to mass(g) ratio of extraction solvent to feed of 5∶1,the ultrasonic treatment time of 36 min.The crude catalpol obtained from the optimized ultrasonic extraction technology was further purified by selective adsorption with macroporous resin.The adsorption capacities and desorption yields of ten kinds of macroporous resins for catalpol were investigated.The results showed that H103 resin possessed the best performance.The properties of dynamic adsorption and desorption of H103 resin for catalpol were subsequently investigated on adsorption column.The optimum conditions for adsorption and desorption were determined.The concentration of catalpol in the loaded sample solution was 6.15 mg·ml-1,the flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1,the volumetric percentage of ethanol in the eluting solvent was 75%,the elution flow rate was 0.5 ml·min-1 and the elution volume was 3.33 BV(bed volume).Under the above conditions,the purity of catalpol product eluted from the column packed with H103 resin reached 62.39% while that of the crude catalpol was only 10.01%

Evaluation of chemiluminescence immunoassays kits for detection of influenza A virus

目的考核甲型流感化学发光检测试剂的灵敏度和特异性。方法分别利用病毒分离培养液和入境人群的鼻咽拭子标本考查甲型流感试剂盒的检测灵敏度和特异性。结果化学发光法对H1、H3、H5、H7、H9等亚型的甲型流感病毒株均有很好的检出率,灵敏度明显优于flu A-dOT和dIrECTIgEn Ez flu A;对102份入境人群鼻咽拭子标本的检测灵敏度为97.62%。结论甲型流感化学发光检测试剂具有很好的灵敏度和特异性,适用于口岸现场的甲型流感快速筛查。Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of chemiluminescence immunoassays kit for detection of influenza A virus.Methods To analyze the sensitivity and specificity of three different assay kits for detection of influenza A virus by using the viral culture liquid and nasopharyngeal swabs from entry-exit travelers.Results The chemiluminescence immunoassays kit had a good detection rate when it was tested against a panel of influenza A virus strains(H1/H3/H5/H7/H9),and its sensitivity was much better than Flu A-DOT kit`s and Directigen EZ Flu A kit' chemiluminescence immunoassays kit used for the detection of 102 nasopharyngeal swabs from entryexit travelers had a detection sensitivity of 97.62%.Conclusion Chemiluminescence immunoassays kit had good sensitivity and specificity, which was fit for the rapid detection of influenza A virus at frontier ports.国家质检总局科技计划项目(2014IK045); 厦门市科技惠民项目(3502Z20144083

2018—2019年中国宏观经济预测

\"中国季度宏观经济模型(CQMM)\"课题组于2018年2月发布了中国季度宏观经济模型(CQMM)第二十四次预测。预测显示,今明两年,全球经济的持续增长将继续拉动中国的对外贸易增长,同时,消费增长仍将维持稳定,但国内投资增长的减速也会继续抑制经济增长。物价方面,CPI会较2017年明显提升,突破2%的水平,但仍处于较温和的价格上涨状态,PPI则呈现高位增长回落的态势,二者的负向缺口将出现萎缩。总体上,今明两年中国经济有望保持6.50%以上的水平,经济增长\"稳中趋缓\"的态势还将延续。模拟研究发现,在当前经济投资构成下,\"降杠杆\"与\"稳增长\"之间,可能存在两难困境,应通过加快民间投资增速,以补偿\"降杠杆\"可能造成的经济增速下降,实现\"降杠杆\"与\"稳增长\"的双重目标。政策当局应抓住今明两年国内外经济的有利时机,综合应用各项政策措施,在防控金融风险的同时,将政策重点放在激发民营经济活力,促进民间投资增速的快速回升之上。国家社科基金重大项目“需求结构转换背景下提高消费对经济增长贡献研究”(15ZDC011);;教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目“地方债发行机制与监管研究”(14JZD011);教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目“中国经济潜在增速的测算与展望研究”(15JZD016);教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目“供给侧结构改革的理论基础与政策思路研究”(16JZD016);;教育部重点研究基地重大项目“中国季度宏观经济模型(CQMM)的再拓展”(17JJD790014);;中央高校基本科研业务费“中国实践背景的现代宏观经济理论与政策”(20720151037

A Simple and Reliable Control Method for Preventing Surge of High Pressure Centrifugal Air-blower

通过有色冶金行业首次使用的d200-0.28/0.97高压离心鼓风机的配置设计，现场安装、调试和生产使用所积累的经验，详细地分析了高压离心鼓风机发生喘振的原因及防止喘振的控制原理，并介绍一种简单、可靠的防喘振控制措施；计算出了该机的防喘振控制点，提出了防喘振控制的操作要求.经过近七年的实践，证明该防喘振控制措施确实简单、可靠、安全、实用A detailed study of surge factors and the method of controlling prevention of surge in the type of D200 0.28/0.97 high pressure centrifugal airblower used in nonferrous metal industries is reported.A simple and reliable surge prevention control method is proposed. The preventing surge control point is calculated in this airblower and the operation specification of controlling surge prevention is put forward.It can be proven by practice for 7 years that this method for controlling surge prevention is simple, reliable, safe

Beverage Container Deposit Policy

[[abstract]]依據行政院環保署稽核認證統計，自民國86到98年期間台灣廢容器材質營業量以廢玻璃容器佔39 4%居廢容器首位；美國食品與藥物管理局（U S Food & Drug Administration）指出玻璃包裝材料是唯一被評為“公認安全”或“通常被視為安全”的包裝材料；2006年由美國奧克拉荷馬州Newton Marketing & Research所進行的一項市場調查，消費者喜歡玻璃包裝的原因有：可保存食品和飲料的不受污染（百分之78），可保持產品的味道或風味（百分之75），可維持食品和飲料的完整與健全（百分之82）：顯示玻璃的包裝材質已為大眾接受且喜好的包裝容器。 在眾多食品包裝容器項目中，玻璃容器是可以「原瓶再利用」的包裝材料，玻璃容器一但破損無法再「原瓶再利用」時，玻璃組成份以矽砂為主，具有百分之百可回收再生的特性，質量或純度都可不斷再生，在回收的過程中無額外廢棄物或副產品產生；世界先進國家將廢玻璃回收再利用視為推動資源回收重要工作之一。 台灣食品業者使用玻璃容器一般是採一次瓶（one way）用過即丟的方式；目前，煙酒公賣局生產的米酒與啤酒，與可樂的玻璃瓶裝產品，是生產業者透由自行制訂的押瓶費制度，經由原銷售通路自行做玻璃容器逆向的回收系統。本研究目的希望藉由文獻的探討帶引消費者對飲料包裝有新的觀念，進而選用玻璃容器裝飲料；在飲料業者方面，希由藉由玻璃容器瓶箱押金制度的運行，探討瓶箱押金費用的制定以降低玻璃容器的破損率，提高玻璃容器「原瓶再利用」的次數，以個案拋磚引玉推行食品業者綠色包裝行動，鼓勵食品業者使用「原瓶再利用」的綠色包裝。[[abstract]]According to the audited and certified statistics from Environmental Protection Administration Executive Yuan the glass container ranks the first in waste containers weighted 39 4% of Taiwan’s total amount of waste container materials between year 86 and year 98 　As U S Food and Drug Administration also pointed out glass is the only packaging material rated as “generally recognized as safe” or “generally regarded as safe” packaging material 　And according to a 2006 survey conducted by Newton Marketing & Research of Norman Oklahoma consumers like the glass packaging for maintaining the purity of food and beverages (78 percent) preserving a product’s taste or flavor (75 percent) and maintaining the integrity or healthiness of foods and beverages (82 percent) 　Glass container has been accepted by the public and is considered the preferred packaging material Among the many kinds of food packaging containers glass container is one of packaging materials that can reuse its “original bottle” 　Once the broken glass containers cannot be re-used anymore it is one hundred percent recyclable since the glass is mainly composed of silica sand which the quality and purity can be continuously generated without producing additional waste or by-products during the recycling process In Taiwan’s food industry glass containers are generally used once – one way disposable Currently the recycling of rice wine and beer bottles produced by Tobacco and Wine Monopoly Bureau and the soft drink glass containers are conducted under each producer’s own bottle disposable policy which is executed through retailer channels Through analysis and findings from several research works the purpose of this paper is to lead the consumers with new concepts on the drink packaging so that to choose the glass containers packaged drinks 　In the aspects of beverage industry with the execution of the glass container disposal policy it will induce people to optimize bottle disposal pricing and cost to reduce the breakage of glass containers and then to increase number of times of usage of the original glass containers 　With those successful cases in implementing such green packaging efforts it will encourage the food industry to utilize "reusable original glass bottles " green packagin