独活挥发油对N-脂肪酰基乙醇胺水解酶的抑制作用及抗炎作用研究

目的:研究独活挥发油对内源性大麻素水解酶N-脂肪酰基乙醇胺水解酶(N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acidamidase,NAAA)水解活性的影响以及对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7炎症反应模型的抗炎作用。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取独活挥发油,GC-MS检测化学成分;采用LC-MS检测NAAA水解活性;采用LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞建立细胞炎症反应模型;采用LC-MS检测细胞内棕榈酸乙醇胺(N-palmitoylethanolamine,PEA)水平;采用实时定量PCR检测肿瘤坏子因子-α(TNF-α)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)mRNA表达;采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测TNF-α含量;采用Griess法检测一氧化氮(NO)含量。结果:独活挥发油可抑制NAAA水解活性,升高LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞内PEA水平;独活挥发油可下调LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞炎症因子TNF-α,iNOS,IL-6 mRNA表达;独活挥发油可抑制LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞TNF-α和NO释放。结论:独活挥发油能够抑制NAAA水解活性,升高细胞内PEA水平,降低炎症因子表达,具有一定的抗炎作用

闽南文化研究国际笔谈会论点选载

2013年12月21日,由闽南师范大学闽南文化研究院主办的“2013闽南文化研究国际笔谈会“在国际学术交流中心召开。来自海峡两岸及日本、新加坡等国家的闽南文化研究方面的专家、学者二十余人出席了会议。会议围绕着闽南文化的内涵、外延及特征,闽南文化的当代价值与社会功能,闽南文化研究的理论与方法,闽南文化的跨文化阐释,闽南文化的世界性及其意义,闽南文化与两岸交流,闽南文化的生态保护,闽南文化学科建设与人才培养等议题展开了深入的研讨,言简意赅,探幽发微,对当下闽南文化理论研究势必产生积极的影响。本期节录专家们的精彩发言,以飨读者,也希望由此来带动和促进闽南文化研究的进一步升华

锑化物超晶格红外探测器的研究进展

InAs/InGaSb超晶格具有特殊的能带结构,优越的材料性能,被认为是第三代红外探测器的首选材料.对InAs/InGaSb超晶格的材料性能、材料生长、探测器结构和探测器研究进展进行了介绍,并指出了超晶格探测器进一步发展需要解决的问题及其广阔的应用前景

辅酶Q₁₀抑制过氧化氢诱导的血小板线粒体功能紊乱

目的探究辅酶Q10（CoQ10）对过氧化氢（H2O2）诱导的血小板线粒体功能紊乱的影响并探讨相关机制。方法采集健康志愿者外周静脉血，制备纯化血小板悬液。用100 μmol/L CoQ10与纯化血小板在体外共孵育50 min，再与1 mmol/L H2O2孵育30 min后（实验重复3次以上），用流式细胞术测定线粒体膜电位、磷脂酰丝氨酸（PS）外翻阳性率、线粒体活性氧簇（mtROS）水平，用酶标仪测定总ROS和ATP浓度，用Western Blot检测血小板p53蛋白磷酸化水平和Bcl-2家族蛋白水平。结果在静息血小板中，CoQ10对线粒体功能无影响（线粒体膜电位、PS外翻阳性率、胞内ROS、mtROS、ATP水平，P > 0.05）。在氧化应激模型中，H2O2使血小板线粒体膜电位下降、PS外翻增加，而CoQ10可以显著逆转H2O2诱导的血小板线粒体膜电位下降［（35.76%±3.94）% vs. （21.04%±1.69）%，P <0.05］，但对PS外翻无抑制作用（P >0.05）。进一步的机制研究发现，CoQ10可以直接抑制H2O2诱导的胞内ROS、mtROS生成（P<0.05），降低p53磷酸化水平、升高Bcl-2和Bcl-xL表达水平（P<0.05）且不改变ATP含量（P>0.05）。结论CoQ10抑制H2O2诱导的血小板线粒体功能紊乱，并且抑制p53磷酸化及升高Bcl-2家族抗凋亡蛋白表达

卧龙湖自然保护区水鸟迁徙研究

卧龙湖保护区是辽宁重要的水鸟迁徙停歇地。从2008年9月至2009年5月,对卧龙湖保护区春秋两季的水鸟迁徙进行了调查。结果表明,该地区迁徙时期的主要种类为豆雁、白鹤、红头潜鸭和白骨顶。秋季迁徙期于9月初开始,10月中旬达到高峰,11月中旬结束;春季迁徙于3月末开始,4月下旬达到高峰,5月初结束。通过比较分析,春季水鸟的迁徙数量明显多于秋季迁徙时期,而且每个迁徙期水鸟种类和数量的变化同温度密切相关

碳化钒改性镍基催化剂的尿素电氧化性能

尿素电解法以其在含尿素废水处理及制氢领域的节能环保前景而受到广泛关注，关键在于设计高效稳定的尿素电氧化催化剂。文中设计开发一种VC(碳化钒)改性的Ni-VC/MWCNTs(Ni基纳米复合催化剂)用于尿素电氧化可达到343.3 mA/mg的优异电流密度，其与Ni/MWCNTs催化剂相比具有更小的Tafel斜率和更低的电荷转移电阻。此外，在稳态条件下，Ni-VC/MWCNTs催化剂的电流密度也得到提高。X射线光电子能谱测试表明引入VC使得Ni更易失电子生成活性组分NiOOH,从而增强尿素电氧化性能。此外，在尿素电解池中，达到10 mA/cm~2的电流密度，以Ni-VC/MWCNTs作为阳极催化剂所需的电压比Ni/MWCNTs降低了近100 mV。结果表明Ni-VC/MWCNTs是一种优良的尿素电解催化剂，有望实现高效制氢和废水资源化利用。 Urea electrolysis has attracted wide attention for its energy-saving and environmentally friendly prospects in the fields of urea-containing wastewater treatment and hydrogen production. The key issue is the design of efficient and stable catalysts for urea electrooxidation. The synthesis of VC (vanadium carbide) modified nickel- based catalysts supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Ni-VC/MWCNTs) for UOR (urea electrooxidation reaction) was reported. Ni-VC/MWCNTs has a superior current density of 343. 3 mA/mg. Particularly, Ni-VC/ MWCNTs has a smaller Tafel slope and a lower charge transfer resistance compared with Ni/MWCNTs. Moreover, the current density under the steady state of Ni-VC/MWCNTs is also enhanced. XPS (X-ray photoemission spectroscopy) demonstrates that the introduction of VC makes Ni more susceptible to lose electrons to form the active component NiOOH, which improves the UOR performance. Furthermore, in the urea electrolytic cell, the voltage required to supply 10 mA/cnr with Ni-VC/MWCNTs as the anode is reduced by nearly 100 mV compared with Ni/MWCNTs. The result suggests Ni-VC/MWCNTs is an efficient catalyst for urea electrolysis, which is expected to high-efficiency hydrogen production and resourceful utilisation of wastewater. © 2024 Editorial Office of Chemical Engineering (China). All rights reserved

直接尿素燃料电池研究进展

Direct urea fuel cells (DUFCs) can simultaneously treat urea-containing wastewater (urine, etc.) and generate electricity. Ni-based materials are effective catalysts for anodic urea electrooxidation reaction (UOR). However, the complex and sluggish kinetics of UOR lead to low activity and poor stability of Ni-based catalysts, resulting in generally lower power density of DUFCs. The key to realizing the application of DUFCs lies in the modification of Ni-based catalysts, constructing efficient and stable catalyst layers and the related membrane electrode assemblies (MEA). Therefore, the research progress of anode catalysts assembled into DUFCs was reviewed in detail. Furthermore, the effect mechanism (including the support effect and synergistic effect) on the DUFC performance of the composition structure for the modified catalysts was deeply analyzed. The review aims to provide a scientific basis for the efficient and stable UOR catalyst design. In addition, the research progress of the membrane materials in DUFC systems and the fabrication of the MEA were described. Finally, the research priorities and future directions in this field were summarized and proposed, which contributed to the development of high-performance DUFCs achieving commercialization. © 2023 Editorial Office of Chemical Engineering (China). All rights reserved

Identification of crude oil and emulsified crude oil based on microwave scattering experiment

The leaked of crude oil will form emulsions of different concentrations in the process of weathering and migration, which poses a serious threat to the marine ecological environment. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) plays a major role in the observation of the extent of oil spills on the sea surface which is not affected by rain and clouds and has the advantage of day and night monitoring. However, there are some deficiencies in the identification of emulsified crude oil still exist. In this paper, the natural emulsification of crude oil was observed by C-band full-polarization microwave scatterometer, emulsification process of crude oil simulated by manually prepared oil samples with different moisture content was also observed to study the change of the normalized radar cross section (N_(RCS)). The experimental results show that N_(RCS) of emulsified crude oil is higher than that of crude oil, and the higher the emulsification degree is, the higher the N_(RCS) of oil film is. N_(RCS) differences between oil and water (△sigma~0) and damping ratio (D_R) can identify emulsified and non-emulsified crude oil, reflect the change of the degree of oil film emulsification, and in VV polarization is the best