The Research of Combination of Interval-valued Grey Sets and Rough Sets

灰色系统理论和粗糙集理论都是处理不完全，不精确及不确定信息的有效工具，灰色系统理论主要针对可用数据少的不确定性问题，着重研究“外延明确，内涵不明确”的对象，即灰色系统理论处理的是信息的内涵不确定性。而粗糙集理论主要针对知识粒度的粗糙而导致对对象分辨能力有限或由于对数据描述不精确的不确定性问题，即粗糙集理论处理的是信息的外延不确定性。可见，灰色系统理论与粗糙集理论具有很强的互补性，因此，针对现实生活中存在的大量不确定数据所导致的不完备的灰色信息系统，本文在引入了一种新的表征灰色信息系统的方法的基础上，将灰色系统理论与粗糙集理论的融合进行了有益的研究。 本文的主要内容如下： （1）首先介绍了粗...Rough sets and grey system theory are two effective tools of tackling with the incomplete information systems, the grey system theory is more suitable to handling the indefinite problem of lacking data or the small amount of data. It aim to the research of the objects whose extension is clear while the meaning is uncertainty. i.e. the grey system theory is primary deal with the uncertainty of info...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院自动化系_系统工程学号：2322007115284

会计信息系统与审计教学探究

由厦门大学会计发展研究中心提供的第四届会计与财务问题国际研讨会——会计教育改革与发展论文集中的第二部分：教学研究06建构主义教育理论已经成为世界各国科学教育中的一种主流教育理论。建构主义教育更关注如何以原有的经验、心理结构和信念为基础来建构知识。建构主义教育理论强调学习的主动性、情境性和社会性，对学习和教学提出了许多新的见解。我们把建构主义教育理论的思想应用到会计信息系统与审计教学中，取得了良好的教学效果

Detection of point mutations of Axin gene and its expression in gliomas

目的　检测胶质瘤中Axin基因的点突变及其表达情况 ,初步探讨Axin与胶质瘤发生的关系。方法　采用聚合酶链反应 单链构象多态性 (PCR SSCP)技术及DNA测序方法检测Axin基因外显子 8,9及 10在 2 8例胶质瘤中的突变情况 ;同时对上述胶质瘤及正常脑组织进行免疫组化染色。结果　在 2 8例胶质瘤组织中Axin的第 10个外显子共有 6例样本 (2 1.4 % ) 3处发生了错义突变 ;3例 3处发生了同义突变 ;2 8例胶质瘤中 8例 (2 8.6 % )Axin表达阳性 ,正常脑组织中神经元表达阳性 ,神经胶质细胞表达阴性 ,检测到突变的样本中 1例表达阳性。结论　Axin基因的点突变可能参与胶质瘤的发生 【英文摘要】 Objective To detect the point mutations of Axin gene and its expression in glioma and explore the relationship between Axin gene and the occurrence of human glioma.Methods The point mutations of exon 8,9,10 of Axin gene were analyzed in 28 cases of glioma by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism(PCR-SSCP) analysis, silver staining and DNA sequencing. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the Axin expression in these cases and normal brain tissues.Results Three missense poi...高等学校骨干教师计划资助项目;; 归国留学人员科研启动基金资助项目 (1 999747

Detection of point mutations of Axin gene and its expression in gliomas

目的　检测胶质瘤中Axin基因的点突变及其表达情况 ,初步探讨Axin与胶质瘤发生的关系。方法　采用聚合酶链反应 单链构象多态性 (PCR SSCP)技术及DNA测序方法检测Axin基因外显子 8,9及 10在 2 8例胶质瘤中的突变情况 ;同时对上述胶质瘤及正常脑组织进行免疫组化染色。结果　在 2 8例胶质瘤组织中Axin的第 10个外显子共有 6例样本 (2 1.4 % ) 3处发生了错义突变 ;3例 3处发生了同义突变 ;2 8例胶质瘤中 8例 (2 8.6 % )Axin表达阳性 ,正常脑组织中神经元表达阳性 ,神经胶质细胞表达阴性 ,检测到突变的样本中 1例表达阳性。结论　Axin基因的点突变可能参与胶质瘤的发生高等学校骨干教师计划资助项目;; 归国留学人员科研启动基金资助项目 (1 99974

Managerial Accounting for Marketing: An Interdisciplinary Issue

现代营销已经从生产、销售导向转向顾客导向,而管理会计的重心仍然停留在内部制造成本的核算上,无法为营销决策提供充分的信息支持,现代营销日益要求以顾客为基础进行营销成本管理。【英文摘要】Modern marketing has shifted from production and sales-orientation to customer-orientation, while managerial accounting still focuses on internal manufacturing cost accounting, unable to provide adequate information support to marketing decision-making. Modern marketing increasingly requires managing marketing cost based on customers

Damage to mangroves from extreme cold in early 2008 in southern China

通讯作者Author for correspondence (E-mail: [email protected])2008年初,我国南方19个省经历了50年一遇的持续低温雨雪冰冻天气。极端气候对华南沿海各省的红树林区造成不同程度的危害。2008年3月,在我国南方各省红树林区的10个代表性地点,对这次寒害造成的红树植物伤害程度进行了系统的调查。结果表明:冬季低温对红树林的影响极为显著,特别是在低纬度的海南、广西和广东湛江,由于极端低温正值夜间退潮,对红树林的影响更为显著;在纬度较高的福建,本地红树种类秋茄(Kandelia obovata)、桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum)和白骨壤(Avicennia marina)及引种的木榄(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)等,由于长期适应于冬季较低的气温或在种植前经过抗寒锻炼,具有较强的抗寒能力。各地主要红树植物中,广布种秋茄、桐花树和白骨壤最为耐寒,其耐寒性均大于红树科的木榄、海莲(Bruguiera sexangula)和红海榄(Rhizophora stylosa)。海桑(Sonneratia caseolaris)对温度的敏感性最强,抗寒能力最低,因此,即使在其原产地海南也受到较为严重的寒害,在纬度更高的引种地出现大面积受害甚至全部死亡,而从孟加拉国引种的无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)却显示出一定的抗寒能力。同一地点的红树植物幼苗的抗寒能力低于大树。此次寒害也造成了苗圃场的种苗大量死亡,成熟的植株提前落花落果,这势必会影响后继一两年内红树林的自然更新和人工造林。因此,在未来红树林造林或人工引种中,一定要考虑到红树植物的抗寒能力。国家自然科学基金(30671646和30700092);厦门大学“闽江学者”启动基

HYDROLOGICAL OBSERVATION IN AN EVERGREEN BROAD LEAVED FOREST IN THE WUYI MOUNTAINS

[中文文摘]对武夷山甜槠林成熟林水文学效应的研究结果表明：观测期间，年大气降水量2678.78ｍｍ，林内雨量2182.04ｍｍ，林冠截留量为496.74ｍｍ；林内雨中，穿透雨量2082.08ｍｍ，树干茎流99.96ｍｍ；到达甜槠林地作用面的林内雨量中，被地表枯枝落叶层截留的雨量为159.84ｍｍ，地表径流量11.6ｍｍ，地下渗流量109.32ｍｍ，其余林内雨量形成土壤含水量增量并由地表物理蒸发、根系吸收以及植物蒸腾所消耗；甜槠林地o~20０ｃｍ土层水分初渗率78.6ｍｍ·ｍｉｎ－１，稳渗率１５．５ｍｍ·ｍｉｎ－１，达到稳渗历时４５ｍｉｎ，地表枯枝落叶最大持水量5.2ｍｍ，土壤蓄水量154.0ｍｍ。与国内其它地区不同类型的森林相比较，武夷山甜槠林具有较强的水文学效能。[英文文摘]Hydrological observations were made in a 76 year old Castanopsis eyrei forest of the Wuyi Mountains.The results are as follows:(1)In the study period during 1993～1994,annual gross precipitation,net precipitation (throughfall was 208204mm and stemflow was 9996mm)and interception loss were 267878mm,218204mm and 49674mm respectively.Interception rate was 1845%.(2)Net precipitation,the part of gross precipitation appearing on the forest floor,was redistributed through different routes.The part absorbed by litter layer was an annual amount of 15984mm,and accounting for 733%.The parts as surface runoff and below ground drainage were annual amounts of 116mm and 10932mm respectively,and accounting for0.53% and 5.01%,respectively.The rest was kept in soil and then lost to the atmosphere by means of ground physical evaporation or plant transpiration as absorbed by the roots.Its amount was 190128mm,and accounting for 87.13%.(3) The initial infiltration rate and stable infiltration rate for the soil layer of 0～20cm were 786mm·min-1 and 155mm·min-1 respectively.The time needed to arrive at the stable state was 45min.Water storage capacity of soil was 15041t·hm-2.The maximum water holding capacity of litter layer was 52mm.福建省自然科学基金,武夷山自然保护区管理局资

Research of Grey-set-value Information Systems Based on Dominance Relation

针对现实生活中的大部分信息是缺省的和属性取值不确定性的情况,首先引入了区间灰集概念,并在其基础上对不完备信息系统进行了研究,讨论了区间灰集信息系统基于优势关系下的属性约简,提出了基于区间灰集的可能度与优势度,进而利用其对对象进行排序,并通过引入阀值,使排序达到了人的主观要求与客观实际更高层次上的一致,最后通过实例说明如何求属性约简集以及利用约简集排序是合理的.Considering the reality that most of the information systems are the default values and the situation that many attributes are uncertainty in the real world,a new rough set model named interval-set-value was proposed in this paper.On the basis of it,the incomplete information system was studied.The attribute reduction under dominance relations was discussed and the possibility degree and inclusion degrees was proposed based on the interval-set-value model.The properties of them were obtained respectively.Then the objects were sorted on the basis of these models.Finally,the examples were given to show how to obtain attribute reduction sets,and it is reasonable to use it for ranking.Further more,a higher consistency for both subjective and objective requirement to sort objects was got by introducing a threshold value.国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(2007BAK34B04);国家自然科学基金(60704042);厦门大学“985工程”二期信息创新平台项目资

Preliminary study on utilization of colloidal phosphorus in artificial seawater by two dinoflagellates

采用批次培养方法,研究了东海原甲藻(PrOrOCEnTruM dOngHAIEnSE)和链状亚历山大藻(AlEXAn-drIuM CATEnllA)对胶体磷的生物可利用性,并初步探讨了甲藻利用胶体磷的机制问题.结果表明东海原甲藻和链状亚历山大藻均能利用胶体磷生长繁殖.东海原甲藻在接种11 d后细胞密度在无机磷和胶体磷培养基中分别为10.53x107和3.43x107个/dM3.链状亚历山大藻在接种11 d后细胞密度在无机磷和胶体磷培养基中分别为39.0x105和28.3x105个/dM3.通过对比细胞密度,胶体磷对东海原甲藻生长的促进作用要低于无机磷的作用;胶体磷对链状亚历山大藻生长的促进作用与无机磷的作用相当.东海原甲藻和链状亚历山大藻在胶体磷源下碱性磷酸酶活性迅速升高,前期均显著高于各自无机磷组的碱性磷酸酶活性,碱性磷酸酶活力最高值分别为0.29和0.30μMOl/(dM3.H).初步结果表明,两种甲藻均能通过碱性磷酸酶的降解来利用胶体磷.Based on batch culture,the bioavailability of colloidal phosphorus(CP) for Prorocentrum donghaiense and Alexandrium catenlla was studied and the mechanism of dinoflagellate utilizing CP was preliminary discussed.The results showed that both species could utilize colloidal phosphorus for growth.For P.donghaiense,after 11 d,the cell densities of K2HPO4 and CP treatment were 10.53 × 107 and 3.43 × 107cells/dm3,respectively.For A.catenlla,after 11 days,the cell densities of K2HPO4 and CP treatment were 39.0 × 105 and 28.3 × 105 cells/dm3,respectively.The growth rate of P.donghaiense in CP was significantly lower than that in K2HPO4;while there is no significant difference between the effects of K2HPO4 and CP for A.catenlla's growth.In CP treatment,the concentrations of alkaline phosphatase activity of P.donghaiense and A.catenlla raised rapidly and got the highest values of 0.29 and 0.30 μmol/(dm3·h),respectively,both significantly higher than those in K2HPO4 treatment during early stage.Preliminary data showed that these 2 dinoflagellates could utilized CP via the induction of alkaline phosphatase.国家973计划资助项目(2011CB403603); 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41176112;40906040); 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2011J01277); 国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室开放基金资助项目(LMEB201103