产权制度变迁动因理论的比较研究——马克思产权理论与西方现代产权学派

本文认为以诺斯为代表的西方现代产权理论关于制度变迁的动力观是一种仅仅基于微观层面分析的理论,具有明显的主观性;而马克思的产权理论探索产权制度变迁的最根本的动因:生产力的发展、技术进步对制度变革的客观要求,也就是生产力与经济制度的内在矛盾运动

经济危机何以诱发贸易保护主义猖獗?——基于全球公共产品和集体行动的理论解释

在经济危机下,各国采取积极的政策以刺激国内需求,为避免乘数效应大打折扣,内在地要求各国采取贸易保护政策;在多边贸易体制的供应中,各国都有"搭便车"的行为倾向,其破坏自由贸易协定所获取的利益远远大于受到的惩罚,进而导致集体行动难题,终而陷入囚徒困境,使得贸易保护主义日益猖獗。基于此,我国应扭转过度依赖外需拉动经济增长的格局,转向于依靠国内需求为主来推动我国经济增长,同时,应坚定不移地维护自由贸易多边体制

Empirical Research on the Relationship between Pay-as-you-go Pension Plan and Economic Growth

本文在内生增长的Olg模型中引入养老保险制度,通过对现收现付的养老保险制度与经济增长关系进行实证研究,分析结果表明,现收现付制能有效促进经济长期稳定增长,据此提出了相关的政策建议。By introducing pension plan system into the OLG Model of Indigenous Growth and analyzing the relation between the Pay-as-you-go system and economic growth,it shows that the pay-as-you-go system can promote the long-term and stable economic growth effectively,and relative policy advice is put forward accordingly

马克思主义经济学的发展与借鉴——欧美、日本和中国的经验

马克思主义诞生后即深刻地影响了当代欧美、日本以及中国的经济学研究,同时,西方经济学的理论观点和研究范式反过来推动了马克思主义经济学的发展。当代欧美、日本的马克思经济学发展路径和成功经验表明,中国当代经济学研究的发展与创新,关键在于坚持马克思主义经济学的主流地位、基本理论观点以及研究方法,进行"合乎马克思主义基本精神和中国国情的理论创新",同时在坚持马克思主义经济学的理论视野下,吸收现代西方经济学的科学成分,亦包括用马克思主义经济学的基本理论观点对现代西方经济学的批判与否定

转轨背景下收入差距扩大的政治经济学分析

静态来看,计划体制下累积的要素存量差异、历史演进轨迹不同使各地区在特定历史时期逻辑起点各异、体制漏洞及政策缺陷所催生的非法非正常收入为居民收入差距扩大提供了起始根据。而动态来看强势群体通过影响路径演变使制度变迁的收益连续向其集中,利益表达机制缺失使弱势群体丧失可持续的收益捕获能力以及公共政策在收入差距调节上的不足则是收入差距被强化的根源。收入差距过大会影响经济的良性运行和社会稳定,所以对收入差距的调节既有必要又要考虑到转型期社会的现实

中国特色社会主义政治经济学的方法论基础

马克思独特的方法论是构建新时代中国特色社会主义政治经济学的方法论基础。其基本内容为遵循逻辑和历史相统一的原则,以及从抽象上升到具体的辩证思维逻辑的演绎,开始于最抽象也最简单的范畴并具体再现事物的本质规定性。按照马克思的方法论原则,构建中国特色社会主义政治经济学应从劳动产品这一最简单最抽象的范畴开始,找到与中国特色社会主义经济发展历史规律相统一的\"逻辑\",对社会主义初级阶段所具有的独特结构及其依据的范畴进行分析,由简单的抽象上升到丰富的具体总体,完整再现中国特色社会主义经济发展全景。国家社科基金项目“《资本论》及其手稿的分配伦理思想研究”(17CKS001);;厦门大学教改教法研究项目“提高研究生对思想政治课论课获得感的对策研究——以《马克思主义与社会科学方法论》课程为例”阶段性研究成果;厦门大学校长基金项目“中国经济增长的特征揭示及其政治经济学分析”(T2013221020);厦门大学“双一流”重点学科“马克思主义理论”项目资

The influence of accelerated aging on color and microstructure of light-curing composite resin

目的考察加速老化后光固化复合树脂的色度稳定性、表面显微结构和内部化学结构的改变及其相互之间的关系。方法用老化仪加速老化4种光固化复合树脂样本,测量老化24 h和96 h后的色差。用环境扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪分别观察老化前后样本表面的显微结构和化学键的改变。用方差分析法分析老化时间与树脂色度间的交互影响(α=0.05)。结果老化时间与复合树脂类型之间具有交互作用(P<0.05),老化后复合树脂的色度改变具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。老化对复合树脂表面显微结构具有明显的影响,老化后基质出现凹陷,填料颗粒暴露,出现孔隙。老化使树脂内部化学键发生变化,基质中的化学键削弱和裂解,不饱和残余物再度聚合。结论随着老化时间的延长,复合树脂的色度变化加大;老化后混合型填料树脂的色度稳定性最好;老化使复合树脂内部化学键发生变化,色度发生改变。Objective The aim of this investigation was to examine the changes of the color stability,surface microstructure and chemical constitution of light-curing composite resin after accelerated aging,and the relations be-tween them.Methods Four light-curing composite resin were aged in an accelerated aging instrument.The color was measured by CIE L*a*b* with a spectrophotometer after treatment for 24 h and 96 h.And the color differences were calculated.Environmental scanning electron microscopy(ESEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) spectrometer were used to examine the microstructure and chemical composition of the specimens before and after accelerated aging.The color differences were analyzed statistically by repeated-measures two-way analysis of variance and t-test after aging for 24 h and 96 h.The level of significance was defined as α=0.05.Results The materials demonstrated statistically significant differences in color after aging between the 24 h and 96 h(P<0.05).There were significant influences on the microstructure and the chemical composition after aging.The matrix appeared some concaves and pores,the filler particles exposed after aging.The energy of chemical bonds were weaken or broken under the aging,and the unsaturated polymer reacted again.Conclusion The color differences of the composite resin increase with the aging time and irradiation dose.The hybrid filled composites have the best color stability

The influence of toothbrushing effect on color and microstructure of light-curing resin composites after aging

目的:研究紫外光老化和水老化处理后的刷牙作用对光固化复合树脂的色度稳定性,表面显微结构和内部化学键的影响。方法:用紫外光老化和水老化方法处理光固化复合树脂样本,色度计测量复合树脂老化后刷牙作用造成的色差,用ESEM观察刷牙对处理后样本的表面显微结构,红外光谱仪分析复合树脂老化后刷牙作用对其化学键改变。配对t检验比较老化组间及刷牙组的复合树脂的色差。结果:紫外光老化与水老化后的复合树脂的色差均数之间的差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。紫外光老化后刷牙导致复合树脂的基质出现凹陷,白色颗粒凸显,且内部化学键发生了明显改变,水老化刷牙后的改变较小。结论:与复合树脂水老化后的刷牙作用相比,紫外光老化后的刷牙作用对复合树脂的表面显微结构和内部化学键破坏作用大;刷牙作用对于老化后的复合树脂的颜色改变没有影响。Objective:The aim of this investigation was to examine the toothbrushing effect on the color stability, surface microstructure and inner chemical constitution of light-curing resin composites after an ultraviolet radiation aging and the water aging. Method:The specimens were treated with an ultraviolet radiation aging and the water aging, the color differences for toothbrushing effect after aging were measured by spectrophotometer,and the surface microstructure of resin composites were observed by ESEM,also the chemical bonds were investigated by a FTIR spectrophotometer. The color differences of resin composites after aging and toothbrushing were carried out with two-sided T-test for the groups. The level of significance was defined as α=0.05. Result:There were significant differences of the average value of color differences between an ultraviolet radiation aging and the water aging(P0.05). Some concaves emerged from the matrix of resin composites,and the wheat particles were exposed. The chemical bonds of the matrix were changed seriously after aging and toothbrushing, but there were litter changes of the matrix after water aging. Conclusion:There were more serious damage of tooothbrushing effect on the surface microstructure and inner chemical bonds of resin composites after an ultraviolet radiation aging then after the water aging. There were no influences of tooothbrushing effect on the color change of resin composites after aging

关于“经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策”的探讨(笔谈)

转变经济发展方式是当前中国的热门话题,而上海在城市发展中又肩负着率先转变的重要任务,在这一意义和背景下,2010年4月24日由上海金融学院学院主办、上海金融学院公共经济管理学院承办的“《中国城市财政发展报告2009/2010:促进‘两个中心’建设的上海城市财政》首发式暨‘经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策’论坛“在我校举行。与会专家围绕经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策的“趋势与目标“、“机遇和挑战“、“实施方略“和“地方实践“等四个专题进行研讨,各抒己见,智慧交锋。现将其真知灼见整理摘要与读者分享,以期待更多学者共同关注当前经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策

The Methodological Basis of Constructing the Political Economy with Chinese Characteristics

黄莹,厦门大学马克思主义学院助理教授；木金忠，厦门大学经济学院教授、博士生导师。【中文摘要】马克思独特的方法论是构建新时代中国特色社会主义政治经济学的方法论基础。其基本内容为遵循逻辑和历史相統一的原则，以及从抽象上升到具体的辩证思维逻辑的演绎，开始于最抽象也最简单的范畴并具体再现事物的本质规定性。按照马克思的方法论原则,构建中国特色社会主义政治经济学应从劳动产品这ー最简单最抽象的范畴开始，找到与中国特色社会主义经济发展历史规律相統一的“逻辑”对社会主义初级阶段所具有的独特结构及其依据的范畴进行分祈，由简单的抽象上升到丰富的具体总体,完整再现中国特色社会主义经济发展全景。 【Abstract】Compared with the lack of historical vision and empirical methodology of modern Western mainstream economics，the Marx's unique methodology is the methodological foundation of constructing the political economy with Chinese characteristics. It is also the principle of unity oi logic and history and a thinKinff path in the category of deduction from the abstract to the concrete.It begins with the most abstract and simplest category and reproduces the essential stipulation that is obscured. According to Marx's methodological principles，we should start with the simplest and most abstract category of labor products and find the logic that is consistent with the historical rule of socialist economic development to construct the political economy with Chinese characteristics.We also need to analyze the unique structure and basis of the primary stage of socialism. From simple abstraction to rich and concrete whole，we can completely reproduce the panoramic view of economic development with Chinese characteristics.国家社科基金项目“《资本论》及其手稿的分配伦理思想研究”（17CKS001