Study on Preparation, Characteristics of MWNTs and TiO2 Composite Catalyst with Its Photocatalytic Redox Properties

光催化学科是化学、物理、材料和环境等多学科融合形成的一门新兴交叉学科。从发展现状看，光催化大致可分为能源光催化（光解水制氢，光催化可再生资源制氢）和环境光催化（环境污染治理高级氧化技术）两个主要研究领域。这两个研究领域都与社会和经济的可持续发展密切相关，因而具有广阔的应用前景和巨大的社会、经济效益。通过多种改性手段改善催化剂的活性，提高催化剂的太阳光利用率是将这一技术推向实际应用的重要环节。 近年来，一些文献报道了用溶胶-凝胶法将碳纳米管（MWNTs）引入到二氧化钛光催化剂中，发现这种复合光催化剂有着很好的光催化氧化有机物活性。经过详细研究表明，认为是碳纳米管和二氧化钛之间的协同效应促使二氧...Photocatalysis science is a rising cross-disciplinary science, which integrates the multi-disciplinarity of chemistry, physics, materials, environment and so on. From the development status quo, photocatalysis can be broadly divided into two major research fields: one is energy photocatalysis (photocatalytic hydrogen production from splitting water, that is photocatalytic hydrogen production from ...学位：理学博士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_物理化学(含化学物理)学号：B20042504

金融产出核算问题的新思考

本文分作三个部分。第一部分是有关金融核算的一些基本概念介绍。由于风险无时不在，人们不断寻求规避风险、转移或补偿损失的途径，于是有了金融。金融是货币流通和信用活动以及与之相联系的经济活动的总称。金融产出核算牵涉到的概念主要有利息、利率、基准利率。以上概念都在第一部分里有详细的阐述。 第二部分探讨的是金融产出核算的有关问题。1947年，英国统计学家理查德·斯通撰写了报告《国民收入的计算和社会帐户的构建》，这是SNA的起源。在此报告中，理查德·斯通已提出了金融产出核算这一问题。经过四十多年统计学的发展，SNA体系不断完善，先后出现了1953年SNA、1968年SNA及1993年SNA。金融产出核算...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院计划统计系_统计学学号：19971000

金融核算理论问题研究(续篇)

In this paper,authors dissected the nature of financial intermediary activities,studied the accounting method and how to calculate the share of utilization of these activities by different sectors.

Phthalate Esters in the Environment

通过检索国内外相关文献资料,重点阐述和归纳了邻苯二甲酸酯在生态毒性、来源、环境化学行为及污染现状方面的研究进展。结果表明,邻苯二甲酸酯是一类具有环境内分泌干扰作用的有机污染物,主要来源于人工合成,可通过各种途径进入环境,广泛存在于大气、水体、土壤、沉积物、灰尘等环境介质中,日用消费品中也普遍含有。邻苯二甲酸酯的大量使用所带来的环境污染和人体健康问题应当引起足够重视。In this paper, the research progresses on phthalate esters(PAEs) in toxicity, the sources, environmental chemical behavior, and contamination level are summarized by retrieved literatures home and abroad.It is shown that PAEs are a class of environmental endocrine disrupting compounds which mainly come from artifitial synthetic.PAEs can come into the environment through various pathways and transfer in different environmental matrices, so they exist in the atmosphere, water, soil, sediment, and dust.Furthermore, consumer products generally contain PAEs.Therefore, the problem of environmental pollution and human health caused by the extensive use of PAEs should be paid attention to

全球化环境下税务机关的作用

一、导言过去一年中,人们对税务机关在筹集政府所需财政收入方面发挥何种作用这一问题产生了前所未有的关注。此类关注主要集中在跨国企业(MnES)以及高净值财富个人(HnWIS)是否足额纳税的问题上。与此同时,对于税收缺口(TAX gAP)的分析,人们也重燃兴趣。但在许多国家,政府一边削减税务机关的资源,一边又给税务机关施加重担,要求其承担各种开支项目。本文则将当前关于逃避税的这一政治争论置于更为广阔的背景之中。本文认为,尽管当前强调加大税法执行力度,但惟有与良好的纳税服务相结合,并构建税务机关、纳税人、

Rapid Determination of Alkylphenol and Alkylphenol Ethoxylates in Leather and Textile by Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction and LC-MS

建立了液相色谱-质谱法测定皮革及纺织品中辛基酚(OP)、壬基酚(nP)、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OPEO)及壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(nPEO)的分析方法。样品经超声波振荡萃取,C18反相色谱柱进行分离,甲醇-水为流动相,离子源为ESI。OP和nP采用负离子模式,定量离子分别为M/z205、219;OPEO和nPEO采用正离子模式,定量离子分别为M/z229+44nEO和M/z243+44nEO(nEO=3--16)。在优化实验条件下,方法的定量下限为0.25--2.5 Mg/kg,样品加标回收率为92%--107%,相对标准偏差为5.3%--9.5%(50 Mg/kg,n=6)。方法简单、快速、灵敏度高,可满足欧盟等地区对皮革及纺织品中OP、nP、OPEO、nPEO的测定要求。A rapid and simple method was developed for measurement of octylphenol(OP),nonly phenol(NP),polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether(OPEO) and polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether(NPEO) residues in leather,leather products and textile products,by ultrasonic-assisted extraction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.The analytes were sequentially extracted with 20,20 and 10 mL methanol,and then separated on a C18 column by gradient elution with methanol-water as mobile phase.OP and NP were quantitatively detected with negative-ion electro-spray ionization at m/z 205 and m/z 219,and OPEO and NPEO were measured with positive-ion electro-spray ionization at m/z 229+44nEO and m/z 243+44nEO(nEO=3--16).The result indicated that under the optimized conditions,the spiked recoveries were in the range of 92%-107%,and the relative standard deviations(RSDs) for concentration of 50 mg/kg were between 5.3% and 9.5%(n=6).The quantitation limits were 0.25-2.5 mg/kg.The method was simple,rapid and sensitive,and could meet the relevant requirement of European Union.福建省自然科学基金重点资助项目(B0220001);远东技术服务有限公司委托项

Determination of carcinogenic aromatic amines derived from azo colorants in textiles and leather by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(uHPlC-MS/MS)快速测定纺织品和皮革中偶氮染料释放的致癌芳香胺物质的方法。样品前处理采用bS En 14362-1:2012(纺织品)和ISO 17234-1:2010(皮革)方法,然后采用甲醇定容,再用EClIPSE Xdb-C18 rrHd色谱柱进行梯度洗脱分离,流动相为甲醇和水;采用电喷雾正离子模式,并用多反应监测模式(MrM)测定,外标法定量。方法优化了色谱分离条件、质谱碎裂电压、碰撞能量等,并考察了不同样品基质对回收率的影响。方法的定量限小于0.2 Mg/kg;不同基质不同浓度的加标回收率在70%~120%之间(添加水平为500、1 000、1 500μg/l,n=7);相对标准偏差小于15%。该方法的灵敏度远小于欧盟与我国国家标准要求的30 Mg/kg,完全满足其定性定量的检测要求,并且检测速度快,选择性好。A rapid determination method was developed for the quantification and confirmation of 22 carcinogenic aromatic amines derived from azo colorants in textiles and leather by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS).The methods of EN 14362-1:2012(for textiles) and ISO 17234-1:2010(for leather) were adopted for sample pretreatment,finally diluted with methanol.The target compounds were separated by an Eclipse XDB-C18 RRHD column and eluted with methanol and water in gradient,and then determined by positive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry under multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode.The external standard method was used for the quantitative analysis.The separation conditions,fragment voltages,collision energies,etc.were optimized.The limits of quantification(LOQ) were below 0.2 mg/kg for different compounds,matrix spike recoveries ranged from 70% to 120% at the spiked levels of 500,1 000 and 1 500 μg/L,and the relative standard deviations(RSDs) were less than 15%.The proposed method is rapid,sensitive,accurate and selective.福建省自然科学基金重点项目(B0220001); 远东技术服务有限公司委托项

Preparation of Cu/Sr_3Ti_2O_7 and Its Photocatalytic Activity of Water-splitting for Hydrogen Evolution

[中文文摘]采用聚合合成法(PCM)合成出层状钙钛矿结构的Sr_3Ti_2O_7,进而负载Cu离子,制成Cu/Sr_3Ti_2O_7催化剂.以超纯水和甲醇牺牲剂体系的光催化分解反应为探针,通过检测氢气生成速率评价了催化剂的光催化性能,并借助光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射(XRD)分析、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-VisDRS)等手段对催化剂进行了表征.实验结果表明,Cu在催化剂中以多价态存在,Cu+和吸附氧有利于光生电子的转移.Cu/Sr_3Ti_2O_7催化剂较之纯Sr_3Ti_2O_7催化剂活性大大提高,Cu最佳负载量为1.5%(w).产氢速率可稳定在550-600μmol·h~(-1).还原过的Cu/Sr_3Ti_2O_7催化剂产氢速率最高可达1140.8μmol·h~(-1).[英文文摘]Sr_3Ti_2O_7 photocatalyst with perovskite-layered structure was synthesized by polymerized complex method (PCM). Cu ion as an effective dopant was loaded onto Sr_3Ti_2O_7 catalyst. Cu/Sr_3Ti_2O_7 catalyst was applied in the mixture of water and methanol, methanol was used as a sacrificial agent under ultra-violet irradiation, and the catalyst was characterized by XPS, XRD, and UV-Vis DRS. The results showed that Cu existed in several kinds of valence and the photocatalytic activity of Cu/Sr_3Ti_2O_7 was superior to that of pure Sr3Ti2O7. Cu+ and adsorbed oxygen can accelerate the interfacial electron transfer. When the amount of Cu was 1.5%(w), the best catalytic effect was obtained and the stable average hydrogen evolution rate was about 550- 600 μmol·h- 1. The Cu/Sr3Ti2O7 after reduction attained the highest hydrogen evolution rate that was close to 1140.8 μmol·h- 1.国家自然科学基金(20673089,20273053,20023001, 29933040); 973项目(001CB108906); 福建省科技重大专项(2005HZ01-3)资助

Simultaneous determination of 19 phthalate esters in cosmetics using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

建立了同时测定化妆品中19种邻苯二甲酸酯的气相色谱-质谱(gC-MS)方法。样品经二氯甲烷超声提取后,用硅胶-中性氧化铝(2∶3,M/M)混合填料固相小柱保留、乙酸乙酯-正己烷(8∶2,V/V)洗脱等步骤净化后,采用gC-MS对19种目标物进行定性、定量分析。采用保留时间与特征离子丰度比共同进行定性分析,减少了复杂样品基质中的干扰。在优化的实验条件及0.1、0.5、2.0μg/g的添加水平下,平均加标回收率为72.2%~110.9%,其中加标水平为0.1μg/g的相对标准偏差(rSd,n=6)小于10.3%;方法检出限(以3倍标准偏差计)为0.006 5μg/g(邻苯二甲酸二异戊酯)~0.062μg/g(邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯)之间。应用该方法检测了6种化妆品中19种PAES的含量。该方法可推广用于多种类型化妆品中PAES的测定。A method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 19 phthalate esters(PAEs) at trace level in cosmetics by solid phase extraction(SPE) purification and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) detection.The PAEs were extracted from cosmetic samples by dichloromethane with ultrasonic-assisted technique,purified by an SPE column packed with silica gel and neutral alumina(2∶ 3,m / m) with the elution of 20 mL of mixed solvent of ethyl acetate-hexane(8∶ 2,v / v).Qualitative and quantitative analysis were carried out by GC-MS in full scan and selected ion monitoring modes.The retention time of quantitative ions and the abundance ratio of characteristic ions were applied to rapidly and accurately identify each analyte so as to prevent the occurring of possible mistakes from complex matrix intervention.Under optimized conditions,the average recoveries for a shampoo sample spiked with the standards at 0.1,0.5,2.0 μg / g were in the range of 72.2% and 110.9%,and the relative standard deviations(RSDs) for the 19 PAEs were less than 10.3%(n = 6) at the spiked level of 0.1 μg / g.The limits of detection(LODs,as 3 times of standard deviation) were between 0.006 5 μg / g(for diisopentyl phthalate) and 0.062 μg / g(for diisobutyl phthalate).The method was successfully applied to the determination of the PAEs in 6 types of cosmetics.It is expected to promote the determination of the PAEs in other cosmetics with different matrices.福建省食品药品监督管理局和福建远东技术服务有限公司委托项

Direct determination of carcinogenic aromatic amines in surface water by UHPLC-MS /MS

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(uHPlC-MS/MS)快速直接测定地表水中致癌芳香胺物质的方法.样品采集后,用0.22μM的聚四氟乙烯(PTfE)滤膜过滤,用C18 rrHd色谱柱进行梯度洗脱分离,流动相为甲醇和水,采用电喷雾正离子模式,并采用多反应监测模式(MrM)测定,外标法定量.方法重点优化了色谱分离条件、质谱碎裂电压、碰撞能量,考察了流动相中甲酸铵或甲酸浓度对目标化合物响应的影响.23种组分不同浓度水平的加标回收率在70.3%—119.8%之间,相对标准偏差在2.1%—10.2%(n=7)之间,方法的定量限(lOQ)在0.01—2.0μg·l-1之间.方法具有操作方便、灵敏度较高、快速准确的优点,能为环境水体污染源监测、饮水安全提供技术保障.A rapid method was developed for the quantitative determination of 23 carcinogenic aromatic amines in surface water by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem electrospray ionization mass spectrometry( UHPLC-MS / MS).After water sample was collected,it was filtered with a 0.22 μm polytetrafluoroethylene( PTFE) membrane,and then the target compounds were separated on a C18 RRHD column,gradient eluted with methanol and water,and determined by positive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring mode( MRM).Quantitative analysis was performed with external standard calibration method in the study.UHPLC separation condition,concentration of ammonium formate and formic acid in mobile phase,fragmentor voltages,and collision energies were optimized.The relative standard deviation( RSD) of the developed method was in the range of 2.1%—10.2%( n = 7).Standard added recoveries in sample matrix ranged from 70.3% to 119.8%.The limit of quantification( LOQ) was from 0.01 to 2.0 μg·L-1.The proposed method is easy to operate,highly sensitive,fast,and accurate.环保公益性行业科研专项(201309007); 远东技术服务有限公司委托项