Investigation of Stretching

[[abstract]]　　柔軟度的好壞與提升運動表現及維持個體良好生活型態有密切關係，而伸展運動能提升柔軟度進而提升運動表現，甚至具有降低以及預防運動傷害之可能效果。運動前後實施伸展運動做為熱身與緩和，為運動從業人員極力推薦的正確運動流程，而伸展也是提升柔軟度最好之方法。本研究目的在於探討不同伸展運動對於運動表現所引起的損益，從研究文獻來探討正反兩方的觀點，發現伸展在運動前進行，會對肌肉生理運作有負面的影響，不過伸展類型中的動態伸展，卻能提升運動表現及力量；伸展運動對於運動表現上的結論，大多指向長期施行伸展運動能增加肌肉量、提升運動表現，但是文獻大部分指出運動前單回合除了動態伸展外，其餘的伸展皆會造成運動表現下降，所以在運動前實施伸展之類型、動作，需視所從事運動項目不同來選擇。至於伸展對於預防運動傷害的用途上，許多學者的研究卻和一般大眾認知有著不一樣的結果；本文將以文獻探討之方式，來討論伸展運動對於運動表現與預防運動傷害的影響。 　　For every individual, flexibility is an essential element in enhancing sports performance and maintaining a good lifestyle. Stretching exercise has been deemed as an effective way to develop flexibility and thus enhance sports performance and prevent potential sports injuries. Therefore, implementation of stretching exercise before and after sports as a gentle warm-up is highly recommended.This study is aimed at investigating how different stretching exercises might influence sports performance. It is believed, according to some research, that stretching exercise, when done before a sport, will have a negative impact on physiology of muscular operation. However, dynamic stretching, different from other kinds of stretching exercise, is able to enhance sports performance and strength. Despite the significant increase on muscle mass and enhancement of athletic performance stretching exercise may bring about in the long run, all stretching exercises except dynamic stretching will lead to a decline in sports performance if taken as a warm-up followed by a sport. Therefore, considering the influence of stretching exercise on sports performance, it is advisable to choose a proper stretching exercise to go with the sport you are going to play. It is also shown that the public have different understanding from academics with regard to the prevention of sports injuries. This study will discuss how stretching can enhance sports performance and prevent sports injuries based on the findings in some research literature

聚集诱导发光

聚集诱导发光(AIE)是唐本忠院士于2001年提出的一个科学概念,是指一类在溶液中不发光或者发光微弱的分子聚集后发光显著增强的现象。高效固态发光的AIE材料有望从根本上解决有机发光材料面临的聚集导致发光猝灭难题,具有重大的实际应用价值。从分子内旋转受限到分子内运动受限,从聚集诱导发光到聚集体科学,AIE领域已经取得了许多原创性的成果。在本综述中,我们从AIE材料的分类、机理、概念衍生、性能、应用和挑战等方面讨论了AIE领域最近取得的显著进展。希望本综述能激发更多关于分子聚集体的研究,并推动材料、化学和生物医学等学科的进一步交叉融合和更大发展。 Aggregation-induced emission (AIE), conceptually coined by Prof. Ben Zhong Tang in 2001, refers to a unique photophysical phenomenon non- or weakly emissive luminogens in dilute solutions emit intensely upon aggregation. AIE can solve the aggregation-caused quenching problem that traditional fluorophores are suffering from and hold great technological values for practical applications. The past 20 years have witnessed the rapid development of AIE research, from the restriction of intramolecular rotations to restriction of intramolecular motions, and from AIE to aggregate science, and many original results have been achieved. In this review, we summarize the advances in the field of AIE and its related areas. We specifically discuss the recent progress in AIE area, including material classification, mechanism, concept derivation, property, applications, and challenges. It is hoped that this review will inspire more research into the molecular aggregate level and make significant advances in materials, chemistry and biological sciences