18 research outputs found
对会计集中核算形式的思考
由厦门大学会计发展研究中心提供的第五届会计与财务问题国际研讨会——当代管理会计新发展论文集中的第三部分:全面预算与成本管理19会计集中核算作为会计委派制的一种特殊形式,在实践中也存在一些问题:核算中心与单位财务管理职能的定位不明确,会计的职能没有得到充分发挥,经费开支标准不统一,单位领导对财务工作的重视程度不够和资产的管理职能弱化,核算中心会计人员少,业务量多,以及会计集中核算对审计工作影响题等。完善会计集中核算的形式要从以下几方面考虑:加强会计核算中心的会计基础工作规范,制定操作性较强的业务流程;深化财政预算改革,完善部门预算编制的内容和形式;全面行使核算中心各项职能,改变重核算,轻监督,轻管理的现象;要重视财务管理的第一要素,加强会计队伍建设;完善内外监控制度,确保财政资金和财产物资的安全;健全完善会计法规体系,明确会计责任主体财政监督对象;建立高效迅捷的网络信息系统;实现会计集中核算与国库集中支付的融合
A multimechanistic antibody targeting receptor-binding sites potently cross-protects against influenza B viruses
流感病毒HA是研制流感药物和流感疫苗的重要靶标,但HA具有高度变异性,如何在高变异HA中找到不变之处,即高度保守表位,是研制流感特效药物和广谱疫苗的关键。近年来国外报道的流感HA广谱中和单抗的识别位点均在较为保守的HA茎部区,而针对流感病毒与细胞受体结合部位的HA头部区尤其是RBS区,一直未能发现广谱中和抗体。夏宁邵教授团队通过探索多种免疫策略和筛选策略,成功筛选出一株广谱中和单抗12G6,识别一个位于HA头部RBS上的全新保守性表位。体外实验显示12G6人源化改造的C12G6抗体能高效中和1940-2016年间世界各地历年流行的代表三个遗传变异亚系的18个乙型流感病毒代表株对细胞的感染,并能保护小鼠致死性感染,治疗效果显著优于已报道的代表性抗体以及抗流感药物;C12G6与“达菲”联合用药具有明显的协同效果。此外,雪貂感染模型的预防和治疗效果进一步证实了C12G6作为抗体药物的治疗潜能。研究还显示该表位是病毒感染复制的关键表位,该位点的突变会造成病毒毒力显著下降。最后,研究揭示了C12G6通过五种不同的抗病毒作用机制发挥作用,提示其高效的抗病毒活性得益于多机制协同效应,这也是目前国内外第一次发现一个流感抗体能通过如此全面的抗病毒机制发挥作用。
该发现为研制能抵抗各种变异株的乙型流感特效治疗药物和通用疫苗带来新希望。
该研究工作依托分子疫苗学和分子诊断学国家重点实验室(厦门大学)、国家传染病诊断试剂与疫苗工程技术研究中心、厦门大学养生堂生物药物联合实验室完成。陈毅歆副教授、夏宁邵教授为该研究论文的共同通讯作者。在读博士研究生沈晨光、陈俊煜、李睿、王国松和硕士研究生张梦娅等为共同第一作者。【Abstract】Influenza B virus causes considerable disease burden worldwide annually, highlighting the limitations of current influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs. In recent years, broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against hemagglutinin (HA) have emerged as a new approach for combating influenza. We describe the generation and characterization of a chimeric monoclonal antibody, C12G6, that cross-neutralizes representative viruses spanning the 76 years of influenza B antigenic evolution since 1940, including viruses belonging to the Yamagata, Victoria, and earlier lineages. Notably, C12G6 exhibits broad cross-lineage hemagglutination inhibition activity against influenza B viruses and has higher potency and breadth of neutralization when compared to four previously reported influenza B bnAbs. In vivo, C12G6 confers stronger cross-protection against Yamagata and Victoria lineages of influenza B viruses in mice and ferrets than other bnAbs or the anti-influenza drug oseltamivir and has an additive antiviral effect when administered in combination with oseltamivir. Epitope mapping indicated that C12G6 targets a conserved epitope that overlaps with the receptor binding site in the HA region of influenza B virus, indicating why it neutralizes virus so potently. Mechanistic analyses revealed that C12G6 inhibits influenza B viruses via multiple mechanisms, including preventing viral entry, egress, and HA-mediated membrane fusion and triggering antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity responses. C12G6 is therefore a promising candidate for the development of prophylactics or therapeutics against influenza B infection and may inform the design of a truly universal influenza vaccine.This research was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31670934 and 81371817), the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China (2011ZX09102-009-12 and
2012DFH30020), the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (7629/13M, 17103214, and 17154516), and a sponsored research agreement from Sanofi Pasteur.
研究工作得到了香港大学新发传染病国家重点实验室和赛诺菲巴斯德公司的技术支持和帮助,获得国家自然科学基金、新药创制国家科技重大专项、科技部对港科技合作项目等课题资助
Virus-Free and Live-Cell Visualizing SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry for Studies of Neutralizing Antibodies and Compound Inhibitors
新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2在全球蔓延,给全球公共卫生带来严重威胁。快速研制疫苗、抗体和治疗药物成为科学界面临的重大挑战。由于SARS-CoV-2的高度传染性,采用病毒感染模型进行中和抗体及小分子抑制剂的药效评估需要在高等级生物安全实验室中进行,且常需要数天时间才能完成检测,限制了抗体和药物筛选的效率。发展快速、可视、不依赖于活病毒的新冠病毒入胞检测探针和细胞模型,对于加速新冠病毒抗体和药物的研究有重要意义。夏宁邵教授团队通过CHO真核表达系统高效表达制备出C端融合抗酸荧光蛋白Gamillus的重组新冠病毒spike蛋白STG。STG经SEC分子筛和冷冻电镜确认呈现与天然病毒刺突高度相似的三聚体结构,且与ACE2有很高的亲和力(18.2nM)。STG具备良好的细胞相容性和荧光性质,研究者进一步开发了可定量测定感染恢复期血清、疫苗免疫血清中和抗体(入胞阻断抗体)水平的CSBT检测方法。除了抗体检测评估方面的应用外,该研究发展的探针和模型还可用于筛选分析抑制新冠病毒入胞及胞内转运的小分子化合物。
我校博士后张雅丽,博士生王邵娟、巫洋涛,博士后侯汪衡、袁伦志和深圳市第三人民医院沈晨光博士为共同第一作者。厦门大学夏宁邵教授、袁权教授、程通教授为该论文共同通讯作者。The ongoing corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, has resulted in hundreds of thousands of deaths. Cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2, which is mediated by the viral spike protein and
ACE2 receptor, is an essential target for the development of vaccines, therapeutic antibodies, and drugs. Using a mammalian cell expression system,a genetically engineered sensor of fluorescent protein (Gamillus)-fused
SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer (STG) to probe the viral entry process is developed.In ACE2-expressing cells, it is found that the STG probe has excellent performance in the live-cell visualization of receptor binding, cellular uptake, and intracellular trafficking of SARS-CoV-2 under virus-free conditions. The new system allows quantitative analyses of the inhibition potentials and detailed influence of COVID-19-convalescent human plasmas, neutralizing antibodies and compounds, providing a versatile tool for high-throughput screening and phenotypic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors. This approach may also be adapted to develop a viral entry visualization system for other viruses.This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81993149041 for N.X.; 81902057 for Y.Z.; 81871316 and U1905205 for Q.Y.), the National Science and Technology Major Project of Infectious Diseases (No. 2017ZX10304402‐002‐003 for T.C. and No. 2017ZX10202203‐009 for Q.Y.), the National Science and Technology Major Projects for Major New Drugs Innovation and Development (No. 2018ZX09711003‐005‐003 for T.C.), the Science and Technology Major Project of Fujian (2020YZ014001), the Science and Technology Major Project of Xiamen (3502Z2020YJ01), and the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2020A1515010368 for C.S.).
该研究得到了国家自然科学基金、传染病防治国家科技重大专项、福建省应急科技攻关项目和厦门应急科技攻关项目的支持
二维光子晶体对面发射激光器横模控制研究
垂直腔面发射激光器的单模输出特性在光网络数据传输光互连、光存储和激光打印中有重要的应用. 传统的氧化限制型垂直腔面发射半导体激光器由于串联电阻大、发热严重而很难工作在单模状态. 二维光子晶体结构可以有效地控制垂直腔面发射激光器的横向模式, 使器件工作在单模状态下. 从理论上系统研究了光子晶体垂直腔面发射半导体激光器的单模条件, 成功设计了一组单模光子晶体垂直腔面发射半导体激光器, 并通过常规工艺制作出功率0.6 mW、边模抑制比大于30 dB、阈值电流4 mA、远场发散角8.4°、不受电流注入影响的单模光子晶体垂直腔面发射半导体激光器. 实验证明: 光子晶体可有效地进行横模控制
GSMBE生长的用于研制HBT的SiGe/Si异质结材料
用GSMBE法生长了Si/SiGe/Si异质结构材料。采用双台面结构制造了SiGe/Si NPN异质结晶体管。在发射结条宽为4μm,面积为4μm×18μm的条件下,其共发射极直流放大倍数为75,截止频率为20GHz。给出了结构设计、材料生长和器件制作工艺
