丙烷氧化脱氢催化剂V_2O_5/MPO_4(M=Al,Zr,Ca)的研究

制备了３种磷酸盐（ＭＰＯ４，Ｍ＝Ａｌ，Ｚｒ，Ｃａ）载体，并在其上负载０．６％～６．０％的Ｖ２Ｏ５．活性评价结果表明，负载型Ｖ２Ｏ５／ＭＰＯ４催化剂在丙烷氧化脱氢反应中具有良好的催化性能．丙烯选择性按Ｖ２Ｏ５／Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２＞Ｖ２Ｏ５／Ｚｒ３（ＰＯ４）４＞Ｖ２Ｏ５／ＡｌＰＯ４顺序降低，这与载体的碱性强弱顺序变化一致．载体的性质和钒的负载量影响催化剂的氧化还原性能．ＥＳＲ结果表明，Ｖ４＋离子能可逆存在于催化剂中，暗示Ｖ５＋／Ｖ４＋氧化还原偶参与了氧化还原反

Synthesis and Solution Properties of Polyacrylamide Containing Sulfobetaine Groups

用丙烯酰胺(AM)、n,n-二甲基丙烯酰胺(dMAM)、[3-(甲基乙烯酰胺)丙基]二甲基-(3-磺酸)铵(dMMPPS)和[2-(甲基丙烯酰基氧基)乙基]二甲基-(3-磺酸丙基)氢氧化铵(dMAPS)单体通过氧化还原引发剂引发自由基聚合合成AM-dMMPPS、AM-dMAM-dMMPPS、AM-dMAPS和AM-dMAM-dMAPS 4种两性离子共聚物,并对两性离子聚合物进行表征和性能评价.研究结果表明,实验合成的4种共聚物AM-dMMPPS、AM-dMAMdMMPPS、AM-dMAPS和AM-dMAM-dMAPS都有增黏、抗盐、耐温的效果.在相同的反应条件下,在合成的共聚物中,AM-dMMPPS增黏、抗盐、耐温的效果最佳,其比浓黏度达36.8,dl/g.Four kinds of zwitterionic copolymers(AM-DMMPPS,AM-DMAM-DMMPPS,AM-DMAPS and AMDMAM-DMAPS) were synthesized by free radical copolymerization of acrylamide(AM), N, Ndimethylacrylamide(DMAM),[3-(methacryloylamino)propyl]dimethyl(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide inner salt(DMMPPS)and [2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide(DMAPS).The copolymers were characterized and their solution properties were evaluated.The results show that the existence of the copolymers enhances the viscosity of the aqueous solution and the copolymers exhibit favorable salt resistant and thermal stable properties.At the same condition of copolymerization,in all synthesized copolymers,the AMDMMPPS copolymer has the most excellent properties of aqueous thickening and heat and salt resistant effect,and the highest reduced viscosity of the copolymer solution is 36.8,dL/g.国家自然科学基金资助项目(20876108

V_2O_5/MPO_4在丙烷氧化脱氢中的催化作用

研制了具有不同酸碱性的磷酸盐ＭＰＯ４（Ｍ＝Ａｌ，Ｚｒ，Ｃａ）载体，并用这些载体负载０６％～６０％的Ｖ２Ｏ５。所制备的催化剂在丙烷氧化脱氢反应中具有较好的催化性能，如３％Ｖ２Ｏ５／Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２催化剂在丙烷转化率为１７０％时，丙烯选择性可达５５９％，丙烯收率达９５％。考察了不同反应条件下催化剂的性能，表明在高温高空速条件下，３％Ｖ２Ｏ５／Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２催化剂的反应活性较好，而３％Ｖ２Ｏ５／Ｚｒ３（ＰＯ４）４催化剂在低温低空速时，反应活性相对较高。在相同的丙烷转化率下，丙烯的选择性从大到小的顺序为３％Ｖ２Ｏ５／Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２＞３％Ｖ２Ｏ５／Ｚｒ３（ＰＯ４）４＞３％Ｖ２Ｏ５／ＡｌＰＯ４

基于3D扫描雷达实测数据的海上风电场尾流特性研究

为有效优化实际业务中海上风电场的机组排布方案设计，降低尾流电量损失，在江苏某海上实际运行风电场采用3D扫描雷达进行实地尾流观测实验，分析独立尾流、半尾流和全尾流三种工况下机组的尾流长度、尾流宽度及尾流深度等尾流特性。研究表明，独立尾流工况下机组尾流下游方向11D～12D（D为叶轮直径）距离处风速变化趋平，尾流影响减弱，机组尾流影响长度在11D左右；近尾流区内，全尾流工况机组的风速衰减较独立尾流和半尾流工况机组明显增大，远尾流区三种工况变化趋势一致，尾流宽度均在3D左右，呈“双高斯”或“凹型”分布特征。二者的差异性主要与相邻机组间距的不同相关。三种尾流工况下，近尾流区的尾流深度明显较远尾流区大，尾流速度亏损明显

Ultimate Strength of High Strength Concrete Columns Reinforced with Concrete Filled Steel Tube Under Axial Compression and their Reliability Analysis

为了探求一个合理的设计公式来计算带圆钢管的劲性高强混凝土柱在轴压下的极限强度,完成了包含13个短柱试件在内的轴心受压试验以研究该类柱在轴压下的破坏模式和极限强度.试验结果表明,在荷载作用下,直到荷载接近极限值时,柱中钢管、纵向钢筋以及混凝土三者之间的纵向应变基本上是协调的,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,因此可以采用叠加原理来计算带圆钢管的劲性高强混凝土柱在轴压下的极限承载力.此外,分析了该极限承载力计算公式的可靠度水平.分析结果表明,该承载力计算满足GB50068-2001对构件可靠指标的要求.This paper aims at developing a rational design formula to predict the ultimate strength of high strength concrete columns reinforced with concrete filled steel tube (HSCCRST) under axial compression. In order to investigate the failure mode and the ultimate strength of the columns under axial compression, experimental tests of 13 specimens under axial compression were performed. Test results showed that the longitudinal strain of the steel tube, the longitudinal reinforcement, and the concrete in the column were all compatible under loading until the load applied was close to the ultimate load. Therefore, the ultimate strength of HSCCRST could be calculated in the principle of superposition. In addition, the reliability level of the columns under axial compression designed following the proposed formula was investigated. Analysis results indicated that the reliability indexes of the columns designed following the proposed formula satisfied the demand of Unified Standard for Reliability Design of Building Structures (GB 50068-2001), National Standard of the People's Republic of China.国家自然科学基金资助项目(50378034

二氧化碳激光与光子晶体光纤耦合的研究

文章以CO2激光器为光源,使用透镜耦合,将激光耦合到光纤并对这种耦合进行了研究。运用ZEMAX软件对CO2激光光源与光纤模型进行建模分析,并设计了一种新型的可用于传输10.6μm CO2激光的低损耗带隙型红外光子晶体光纤,运用结构参数r1=11.39mm、r2=-25.43mm、透镜厚度为3mm、有效焦距BFL=11.16mm的硒化锌透镜进行耦合,得到束腰与透镜的距离为1 102.50mm,像方束腰到透镜的距离为17.30mm,耦合值为94%

Effect of CO in Raw Gas on Methanol Synthesis by CO2 Hydrogenation

用三种CO含量不同的原料气对Cu/zn/Al/zr四组份催化剂进行CO2加氢合成甲醇的研究。结果表明，原料气中掺入的CO能提高CO2加氢合成甲醇的选择性和收率。TPSr-MS谱说明预吸附的CO能抑制CO2加氢的逆水汽变换反应，而有利于转化为甲醇。he　effect　of　CO　on　CO2　hydrogenation　over　Cu/Zn/Al/Zr　quaternary　catalyst　was　studied.The　result　showed　that　when　CO　was　added　to　the　raw　gas,the　methanol　selectivity　and　yield　increased.TPSRMS　spectra　indicated　that　the　preadsorption　of　CO　on　the　catalyst　could　depress　the　reverse　watergas　shift　reaction　from　CO2　hydrogenation,and　thus　be　beneficial　to　the　production　of　methanol.香港浸会大学研究基金;厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室资

Catalysis of supported V 2O 5/A1PO 4 catalysts in oxidative dehydrogenation of propane

采用浸渍法在自制的无定型磷酸铝AlPO4载体上负载0.6%~6.0%的V2O5，所制的催化剂在丙烷氧化脱氢反应中具有较好的催化性能，如3.0%V2O5/AlPO4催化剂在丙烷转化率为14.2%时，丙烯选择性可达49.1%，丙烯收率达7.0%。考察了不同反应条件下催化剂的性能，Xrd、Ir和rAMAn光谱表明，V2O5在AlPO4上主要是以高度分散的钒氧物种存在；ESr结果证明催化剂中存在V4＋物种，暗示V5＋/V4＋氧化还原偶参与了氧化还原反应。The title catalysts are prepared by supporting diFFerent amount of V 2O 5 (0.6%～ 6.0 %) on aluminum phosphate AlPO 4 via impregnation. The supported V 2O 5/AlPO 4 catalysts thus obtained have better catalytic perFormance in oxidative dehydrogenation of propane, e.g.over 3.0 % V 2O 5/AlPO 4 , the selectivity to and yield of propene reach 55.9 % and 9.5%, respectively, at a propane conversion of 17.0 % .The results of XRD, IR and Raman show that the vanadium oxide is distributed on the support as VOx species.ESR result indicates that there exists V 4+ species in the catalysts,suggesting that the oxidation couple of V 5+ /V 4+ takes part in the redox reaction.国家自然科学基金;国家教委回国人员基

RbCl-H_2O二元系和RbCl-RbNO_3-H_2O三元系作用浓度计算模型

利用离子-分子共存理论建立温度为298.15 K 时强电解质水溶液二元系 RbCl-H_2_ 和三元系 RbCl-RbNO_3-H_2O 作用浓度计算热力学模型。热力学模型计算的以纯物质为标准态、以摩尔分数为浓度单位的 RbCl-H_2O 二元系各组元作用浓度经过转换系数转换后,与文献报道的以无限稀为标准态、以质量摩尔浓度为浓度单位的组元活度吻合良好。RbCl-RbNO_3-H_2O三元系的 RbCl 和 RbNO_3转换后的作用浓度与文献报道的活度在总离子强度为0.01、0.05、0.1、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0、3.0和3.5 mol/kg 时均良好吻合。这说明基于离子-分子共存理论..

Application of PDMS Hollow-fiber Membrane in Separation of Light Hydrocarbon Gas from Drilling Mud

聚二甲基硅氧烷(POlydIMETHylSIlOXAnE,PdMS),由于其对有机物的高亲和力、低传递阻力以及良好的加工性能,成为目前最常用的优先透过有机物的膜材料之一.本研究通过模拟钻井液轻烃膜分离实验,对制备的PdMS中空膜性能进行了测试评价.结果表明,PdMS膜对轻烃气体有较好的透过性能,膜两侧的轻烃体积分数呈线性关系,对丙烷气体浓度变化的响应时间仅为43.2S,脱气能力可达1 041.67Ml/(MIn·M2);研究结果可为PdMS中空膜在随钻气体检测技术中的应用提供重要参考.Polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)is one of the commonly used membrane materials with high selective permeation through organics,and it has strong affinity to organics and low transfer resistance with good processability.PDMS hollow-fiber membrane was prepared in this work,and its performance in separating light hydrocarbon gas from drilling muds was investigated and evaluated.The results show that PDMS hollow-fiber membrane has good permeability,and the light hydrocarbon concentration at the two sides of the membrane shows linear relationship.It takes the membrane 43.2sto respond to the change in propane gas contents,and its degassing capacity can reach 1 041.67 mL/(min·m2).This study provides guidance in the application of PDMS hollow-fiber membrane to separation of light hydrocarbon gas from drilling muds in the oil-gas logging area.国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2013AA064701