Key Technologies of Grader Hybrid Mechanism Working Device Design

近年来，随着我国建筑与机械行业的快速发展，工程机械产品出现了井喷式的销量增长，工程机械相关技术与国外差距也在不停缩短。然而平地机作为工程机械中相对复杂的一个分支，对它的研究却很少，尤其是对于平地机工作装置动力学分析与研究这部分，缺乏系统的理论研究与分析方法。为了丰富这个领域的研究内容，同时也是为了给平地机工作装置的设计提供更多的理论支持和设计方法，本文提出了平地机工作装置系统动力学研究与面向机构优化的二次开发系统设计方法。 把平地机工作装置作为一个模块，首先解析了它的具体结构并在此基础上对该空间机构进行了分析与综合。通过空间机构学的理论与方法，最终确认该机构是由一个少自由度并联机构和一个平面...In the recent years, because of the rapid development of buildings and machinery industries in China, the sales of construction machinery products advanced significantly, the gap of related technologies in construction machinery between at home with abroad had been increasingly narrowing. However, grader, which is one of the most complicated branches in construction machinery, had been researched ...学位：工学硕士院系专业：物理与机电工程学院机电工程系_机械设计及理论学号：1992008115294

Improvement of the Rib Plate in Machine Tools Column Based on Topology Optimization

在拓扑优化的基础上,提出根据拓扑优化结果改进筋板布局的方法,并结合案例,构造了基于相对密度法的连续体结构动力学拓扑优化设计数学模型,以结构的相对密度为设计变量,分别以柔度最小化、一阶固有频率最大化为目标和两者结合的多目标进行拓扑优化。在采用多目标优化时,对两个目标用加权和方法进行折衷处理,通过设置权值来确定两者在优化中所起作用大小。优化后得出不同的密度云图,根据密度云图所示材料分部,改进筋板布局,达到提高机床动、静态特性的目的。By means of topology optimization technique,an approach doing improving the layout of rib plates directed by the outcome of topology optimization is proposed herein.In consideration of actual engineering scenarios,the mathematical models of structural dynamic characteristic topology optimal design on continuum structures were established,then this model carries out topology optimization of pillar structures by making the relative density of the structure as the design variables with minimizing the compliance,maximizing the first order natural frequency as the objectives and a combination of the two as a multi-objective respectively.When optimizing with multi-objective,compromise programming method is adopted to process the two objectives and the effects of the two objectives are determined by the weight.After optimization,different density nephograms are created.With the aid of the material distribution shown in density nephograms,the layout of rid plate is re-engineered and the static and dynamic performance of the investigated machine tool is therefore remarkably enhanced.国家自然科学基金资助项目(70772093);福建省高等学校新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目;厦门市科技计划项目3502Z2009000

Improvement of column of machine tool based on modal analysis

机床在工作时,由于要承受各种变载荷而产生振动,其精度和寿命会受到影响,因此有必要对机床进行模态分析,了解其动态特性,以便进一步分析和改进。采用3d建模软件对机床进行建模和装配,将得到的模型导入HyPErMESH建立有限元模型,再将有限元模型导入AnSyS进行模态分析,得到机床在两种工作情况下的固有频率和振型。最后根据模态分析结果对机床立柱进行优化,得出优化结构。When the machine tool is in operation,it will undergo a variety of dynamic loads which as a consequence incur vibrations and degrade machining precision.Therefore,modal analysis is highly demanded to gain an insight into the dynamics of machining system and direct further analysis and optimization.In such a circumstance a corresponding machine tool is established via 3D CAD software and subsequently preprocessed by HYPERMESH.The finite element model produced by HYPERMESH is eventually analyzed by ANSYS to receive the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the target machine tool.An optimization design of the column of the target machine tool is thus developed based upon the modal information.国家自然科学基金资助项目(70772093);福建省高等学校新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目;厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20090003

Multi-objective optimization and simulation on 8-rod-mechanism working device of loaders

提出了一种实用性和可操作性较强的八杆机构多目标优化方法.将设计变量矩阵分解为两组耦合度较小的矩阵,提取重要度最高的几个优化目标,把其他优化目标转换成约束条件,建立起八杆机构多目标优化数学模型,同时创建了工作装置多目标优化流程.将该数学模型加载于系统动力学分析软件AdAMS,借助该软件的内建函数,把多目标优化转换成单目标优化,实现了优化过程的函数驱动与函数监测.最终实现了工作装置的快速优化与仿真.In this study,a multi-objective optimization method,which possesses practicality and operability,is preliminarily proposed.Afterwards,the design variable matrix is decomposed into two low coupling-degree matrices to extract the critical optimization objectives.In this fashion,other optimization objectives are converted into constraints.As a result,a multi-objective optimization mathematical model,together with working device optimization procedure,is established in terms of an 8-rod mechanism.By adapting the mathematical model to the system dynamical analysis software,i.e.ADAMSTM,the multi-objective optimization is transferred to single-objective optimization via embedded functions.Eventually,the rapid optimization and simulation are realized based on functional driving and monitoring.国家自然科学基金资助项目(70772093);福建省科技重大专项专题资助项目(2008HZ0002-1);福建省高等院校新世纪人才计划资助项

Co-Ni-W三元系相图的实验测定与热力学计算

本研究采用合金法、电子探针显微分析仪(EPMA)和X射线衍射(XRD)技术,对Co-Ni-W三元系在1 000℃和1 200℃下的等温截面相图进行了实验测定。结合本研究和已报道的相平衡实验信息,基于CALPHAD (Calculation of phase diagrams)方法,对Co-Ni-W三元系相图进行了热力学优化与计算,获得了自洽性良好的热力学参数,计算结果与实验数据取得了良好的一致性。国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0701401)~

Dynamic Simulation Research on Multi-drive System Working Device of Grader

基于系统动力学分析软件AdAMS,建立了工作装置虚拟样机模型、模拟典型作业方式,实现了完整的运动学、动力学分析仿真过程,并结合某企业平地机工作装置的设计实例,对各作业方式下的机构运动进行了设计验证.通过进一步的仿真分析获取了各作业方式下工作装置运动学特性以及工作装置部件的动力学性能,并基于有限元分析软件Hy-PErWOrkS对工作装置部件进行了强度校核.结果表明,该方法有利于对工作装置的结构设计、机构优化以及结构拓扑优化.A kinematic and dynamic analysis method of working device grader is proposed in terms of complex spatial mechanism.Firstly,spatial mechanism model of this working device was extracted according to its structure,lower-mobility parallel mechanism and simple planar mechanism were confirmed to be the main parts.Virtual prototype model of the working device was set up based on system dynamical analysis software,i.e.ADAMSTM,driving functions were also applied to the cylinders according to the typical actual working conditions,the complete simulation process of kinematics and dynamics was performed consequently.Combined with the example of grader working device in an enterprise,mechanism motion design of all kind of working conditions was verified.Kinematic characteristics of the working device based on kinds of operation modes,together with the dynamic characteristics of components were obtained on the basis of further analysis and simulation,eventually,the strength of the working device component was also checked based on finite element analysis software,i.e.HyperworksTM.Such analysis method would be valuable for the structure design,mechanism optimization and structural topology optimization.国家自然科学基金资助项目(70772093);福建省区域重大科技专项(2009H4015);福建省高等院校新世纪人才计划项目;厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20090003

Forward displacement analysis on hybrid mechanism of working device of grader

为了研究平地机工作装置的运动学特性,提出工作装置混联机构简化位置正解的分析方法.根据平地机工作装置结构及各部件运动副关系,抽象出工作装置机构模型.基于平地机作业方式特点,对该机构进行分解和分析,确定少自由度并联机构为该机构的主体.利用螺旋理论对该并联机构进行自由度分析,采用数值分析法对该并联机构进行位置正解分析,并基于AdAMS实现平地机工作装置并联机构部分的位置正解分析.现场的物理试验表明,对于工作装置并联机构部分的位置正解,试验结果与计算机仿真结果基本吻合,最大误差不超过3%,满足平地机工作装置的精度要求;从而验证了所提出的分析方法的有效性.依据该理论基础,通过进一步的分析,获得平地机混联机构工作装置的运动学特性,最后讨论该机构设计要点,为工作装置设计和优化奠定理论基础.In order to understand the kinematics characteristics of the working device of a grader,a forward displacement analysis method is proposed to analyze the device's hybrid mechanism.A hybrid mechanism model of the grader's working device was extracted according to its structure and spatial kinematic pairs.The model was then decomposed and analyzed based on its working conditions,and features.A lower-mobility parallel mechanism was confirmed to be the main part of this hybrid mechanism.A forward solution of position for the mechanism was obtained based on a numerical analysis method,while degree of freedom analysis was conducted based on the screw theory,A forward displacement analysis on the working device's parallel mechanism was carried out using ADAMSTM,a system dynamic analysis software tool.Experiments were performed subsequently to validate the effectiveness of the proposed analysis method.The results showed that experiment data losely matched computer simulation data,with less than 3% maximum error.On the basis of this theoretical foundation,the kinematics characteristics of the working device hybrid mechanism were obtained.The key issues on the optimization and innovation design of this mechanism were discussed.国家自然科学基金资助项目(70772093);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2011BAF11B00-01);福建省区域重大科技专项资助项目(2009H4015

Studies on the Inclusion Complexes of Rhein with CDs by Oscilloscope Polarography

Inclusion action of rhein with CDs was studied by linear sweep oscilloscope polarography. The molar ratio of inclusion complexes of rhein with CDs are 11, the inclusion constants in different temperature have been determined and the thermodynamics parameter of some inclusion complexes have also been obtained. It indicates that in normal temperature, the inclusion procedure go on spontaneously, improving temperature is unfavorable to the formation of inclusion complexes.作者联系地址：山西大学化学系!太原030006,山西大学化学系!太原030006,山西大学化学系!太原030006Author's Address: Dept. of Chem., Shanxi Univ., Taiyuan 03000