54/08/02 Sheppard Back In Jail

Dr. Sheppard loses his bid for freedom and is returned to jail. Police prepare to re-question him further, while Sheppard\u27s attorney continually tries to stop the grilling of Sheppard by police.https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/newspaper_coverage/1145/thumbnail.jp

Hopfield神经网络的存贮容量

我们把理论推导与数值模拟相结合，得出了一个较好的误差函数近似解析式。应用该解析式分析了Ｈｏｐｆｉｅｌｄ神经网络的绝对存贮容量，得到了一更严格的结果

抗胸腺细胞血清性肾炎模型大鼠肾小球中C5b-9的沉积及NO、TNFα含量分析

探讨抗胸腺细胞血清性肾炎 (ATSN)大鼠肾小球内C5b -9复合物的沉积与某些炎症介质和细胞因子如 :一氧化氮 (NO)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)的含量情况。方法 :大鼠一次性静脉注射抗胸腺细胞抗血清(ATS)建立ATSN模型 ,定期对ATSN大鼠肾小球中的补体C5b -9复合物进行免疫组化染色定位、显微图像扫描半定量分析 ;并对有C5b -9包绕的肾小球系膜细胞 (MC)进行计数。测定ATSN大鼠肾中诱生型NO合酶 (iNOS)mRNA的表达、尿液中NO的代谢产物 (NO-2 /NO-3 )及TNFα的排泄量。结果 :ATSN模型大鼠肾小球MC先溶解坏死后继发增生 ,病变早期 (溶解时相 )补体C5b -9复合物主要定位于肾小球系膜区及MC表面 ;随着病程的进展 ,被C5b -9包绕的MC逐渐减少 ,病程初期ATSN大鼠肾小球MC有明显的iNOSmRNA表达 ,尿液中NO-2 /NO-3 和TNFα的排泄量也明显增加。在ATSN病变的增生阶段 (一般 7d后 ) ,上述指标的变化逐渐趋缓。结论 :ATSN模型大鼠肾小球中MC逐渐溶解与补体C5b -9沉积及NO和TNFα的合成与释放有一定关

Mechanism Study of the Promoting Action of Elongated Needle Acupuncture on Functional Repair in Rats with Acute Spinal Cord Injury

目的 观察芒针对急性脊髓损伤炎症反应和神经细胞凋亡的影响,研究PI3K/Akt和MAPK/ERK信号转导途径是否参与芒针的神经保护作用,探讨芒针促脊髓损伤修复的具体作用机制.方法 将150只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为A组、B组、C组、D组和E组,每组30只.采用改良Allen＇s法制作大鼠脊髓中度损伤模型,A组为假手术组,不予以损伤脊髓及芒针治疗;B组造模后不予以芒针治疗;C组造模后采用芒针治疗;D组造模前0.5 h鞘内注射LY294002,造模后采用芒针治疗;E组造模前0.5 h鞘内注射PD98059,造模后采用芒针治疗.分别采用BBB评分检测大鼠的自发活动;ELISA检测炎性因子TNF-α 、IL-6、IL-1β、NF-κB的含量;TUNEL检测细胞凋亡的程度;免疫组化检测Bcl-2和Bax阳性细胞水平;Western印迹分析p-Akt和p-ERK在脊髓组织的表达,RT-PCR分析Cyt-C和Caspase-3在体内的表达.相对的下行Akt和ERK信号通路通过LY294002和PD98059特异性抑制剂处理分析在体内的抑制作用.结果 炎症反应和PI3K/Akt和MAPK/ERK信号通路抑制的神经元凋亡参与了脊髓损伤大鼠模型的损害,芒针介导的神经保护作用与Bax蛋白阳性神经元数目的减少及Bcl-2蛋白阳性神经元数量的增加有关.芒针治疗能改善大鼠的运动功能,PI3K/Akt和MAPK/ERK信号通路中p-Akt和p-ERK的激活,通过下调Bax蛋白和Bcl-2表达上调,抑制了线粒体凋亡途径关键因子Cyt-C的表达.TUNEL法检测并抑制激活神经元凋亡的Caspase-3的级联.PI3K/Akt和MAPK/ERK信号通路特异性抑制剂LY294002和PD98059的应用抑制了p-Akt和p-ERK的表达.结论 芒针促脊髓损伤修复的神经保护作用可能与炎症反应和PI3K/Akt和MAPK/ERK信号通路的激活、通过下调Bax蛋白和Bcl-2表达上调以及抑制线粒体途径诱导的凋亡有关.Objective To observe the effect of elongated needle acupuncture on inflammatory reactions and apoptosis in acute spinal cord injury, investigate if PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK signal transduction pathways are involved in the neuroprotective effect of elongated needle acupuncture and explore the promoting action of elongated needle acupuncture on spinal cord injury repair.Method One hundred and fifty adult male SD rats were randomized into groups A, B, C, D and E, 30 each. A model of moderate spinal cord injury was made by modified Allen＇s method. Group A received a sham operation without spinal cord injury and no elongated needle acupuncture. Group B did not receive elongated needle acupuncture after model making. Group C received elongated needle acupuncture after model making. Group D received an intrathecal injection of LY294002 at 0.5 hour before model making and elongated needle acupuncture after model making. Group E received an intrathecal injection of PD98059 at 0.5 hour before model making and elongated needle acupuncture after model making. Rat spontaneous activity was examined using the BBB rating. Inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and NF-κB contents were measured by ELISA. The degree of apoptosis was determined by TUNEL. Bcl-2- and Bax-positive cell levels were measured by an immunohistochemical method. Spinal p-Akt and p-ERK expressions were determined by Western blot. In vivo expressions of Cyt-C and Caspase-3 were determined by RT-PCR. The in vivo inhibitory effect on downstream Akt and ERK signaling pathways was investigated using specific inhibitors LY294002 and PD98059.Result Inflammatory reactions and neuronal apoptosis due to the inhibition of PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK signal pathways were involved in the damage in a rat model of spinal cord injury. The neuroprotective effect of elongated needle acupuncture was related to a decrease in the number of Bax protein-positive neurons and an increase in the number of Bcl-2 protein-positive neurons. Elongated needle acupuncture treatment improved r浙江省中医药科研计划项目（2008CB067

Bone Proteomic Analysis About Chinese Medicine Action On Rat Ovariectomy Model of Osteoporosis.

目的:用蛋白质组学的方法对绝经后骨质疏松症和中药作用机理进行研究,有利于临床防治该疾病。方法:建立去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症模型,设立中药治疗组及假手术对照组,6周后骨质疏松症模型成功,行骨形态学检查,提取骨组织蛋白质样品,双向电泳分离,得到各组骨组织总蛋白质分子解剖图谱,用图像分析软件,分析各组间差异蛋白质点,MADITOF/MS质谱分析,结合蛋白质生物信息库(Matrix science Ltd database),对各蛋白质初步鉴定。结论:鉴定了3个差异蛋白,分别为P1硫氧还蛋白过氧化酶1(Thioredoxin peroxidase 1),P2为阻凝蛋白轻链肽2(Myosin light polypeptide 2),P3为泛素化酶E2-17KD(ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-17kD)。初步认为这三种蛋白质在绝经后骨质疏松症的发病及中药治疗过程中发挥着重要调控作用。Objective:To study the mechanism about osteoporosis of OVX(ovariectomy) and Chinese Medicine action on osteoporosis in proteomics,it is of benefit to prevent and cure this disease.Methods:Bilateal OVX in rats was performed as osteoporosis model.Rat was randomly divided into three groups:control group,osteoporosis model group and Chinese Medicine therapy group.The pathology of bone was examined after 6 weeks.In the present proteomic study,we characterized the protential effects of OVX and Chinese Medicine on protein expression in rat bones.Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis,mass spectrometry,and Matrix science Ltd database,we elementarily identified three variational proteins.Conclusions:Three proteins were identified as proteins similar to thioredoxin peroxidase 1,Myosin light polypeptide 2 and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-17kD.These proteins have been demonstrated to be postmenopausal proteins.These results can provide valuable experimental evidences for the research for the molecular mechanism of osteoporosis which was response to OVX and Chinese Medicine in bone.国家自然科学基金项目(基金号:30400606); 广东省自然科学基金项目(基金号:04010036);; 广东省科技厅项目(基金号:粤科社字2004,139号);; 广州中医药大学创新基金项目(基金号:K004044

Bone Proteomic Analysis About Chinese Medicine Action on Rat Glucocorticoid-induced Model of Osteonecrsis.

目的:用蛋白质组学的研究方法进行激素性骨坏死的病理和中药作用机理的研究,有利于临床治激素性骨坏死。方法:按照常用激素性骨坏死的造模方法,建立大鼠坏死模型,并设立中药治疗组及空白对照组,经过6周处理后经骨形态学检查,确定骨坏死造模成功,处死动物取股骨和肱骨,提取骨组织蛋白质样品,双向电泳分离,得到各组骨组织总蛋白质分子解剖图谱,用图像分析软件,找到各组间差异蛋白质点,进一步行胶内酶切,M AD ITOF/M S质谱分析,得到各差异点的蛋白质肽指纹图谱,结合蛋白质生物信息库(M atrix sc ience L td database),对各蛋白质进行初步鉴定。结论:初步鉴定了3个差异蛋白,分别为阻凝蛋白重链ⅡB、磷脂谷胱甘肽过氧分酶及泛素化酶E 2(MW:17 kd),初步认为这三种蛋白质在激素性骨坏死的发病及中药治疗过程中发挥着重要调控作用。Objective:To study the mechanism about glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis and Chinese Medicine action on osteonecrosis in proteomics,it is beneficial to prevention and cure this disease.Methods:Rat was randomly divided into three groups:cortrol group,osteonecrosis model group and Chinese Medicine therapy group.In the present proteomic study ,we characterized the potential effects of glucocorticoids and Chinese Medicine on protein expression in rat bone.Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis,mass spectrometry,and Matrix science Ltd database,we elementarily identified three variational proteins.Conclusion:Three proteins were identified as proteins similar to Myosin heavy chain ⅡB,Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-17kD.These proteins have been documented to be glucocorticoid-relted proteins.These results can provide valuable experimental evidences for the research of the molecular mechanism of osteonecrosis response to glucocorticoids and Chinese Medicine in bone.获得国家自然科学基金资助(30273631,3010244);; 广东省自然科学基金(020778);; 广东省教育厅基金(Z02011

Effects of electro-acupuncture on neuronal apoptosis and associative function in rats with spinal cord injury

目的 :探讨电针对大鼠急性脊髓损伤后膀胱功能改善的影响及作用机制。方法 :取健康成年雄性SPf级Sd大鼠60只,体重220~250 g,适应性饲养1周后,将大鼠按照随机数字表法随机分为假手术组、模型组、电针组和电针对照组,各15只。假手术组不予任何刺激,模型组、电针组和电针对照组大鼠采用改良AllEnS法制作脊髓损伤中度损伤Sd大鼠模型,模型组不予治疗,电针组给予秩边与水道穴电针治疗,电针对照组给予秩边与水道穴旁开0.5寸电针治疗,频率2/100 Hz,电流1 M A,刺激15 MIn,电针左右隔次交替,每日1次,共7次;分别于术后1、7 d观察大鼠残余尿量、排尿量的变化;术后7 d处死大鼠取伤段脊髓观察各组大鼠凋亡情况,检测bCl-2、bAX、bAd含量的变化。结果:造模后3组大鼠均出现不同程度的膀胱功能障碍。术后7 d,电针组、电针对照组残余尿量较术后1 d明显降低(P<0.001),且电针组与电针对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);电针组、电针对照组较模型组在术后7 d排尿量增加,且电针组与电针对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);TunEl发现电针可以抑制脊髓神经细胞的凋亡,电针组、电针对照组与模型组相比在术后7 d脊髓神经细胞凋亡率显著增加(P<0.01,P<0.05),且电针组与电针对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与模型组相比,电针组、电针对照组bAX、bAd的阳性表达率降低(P<0.01,P<0.05),而bCl-2的阳性表达率升高(P<0.01);且电针组与电针对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 :电针能明显促进急性脊髓损伤的修复,其机制可能为通过增加bCl-2、抑制bAX、bAd的表达,从而抑制脊髓神经元细胞的凋亡发生作用的。Objective:To explore the effect of electro acupuncture to improve the bladder function after acute spinal cord injury in rats and its possible mechanism.Methods:Sixty healthy adult male SD rats of SPF grade,with body weight of 220 to250 g,one week after feeding adaptation,were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,electro acupuncture group,electro acupuncture control group with 15 rats in each group.Sham operation group underwent no stimulation,and the moderate damage model of spinal cord injury were made in other three groups according to modified Allens method.The model group were not treated,electro acupuncture group were treated with electro acupuncture on Zhibianxue and Shuidaoxue,and electro acupuncture control group were treated with electro acupuncture on 0.5 inch next to Zhibianxue and Shuidaoxue.The frequency of 2 / 100 Hz,current of 1 m A,stimulation time of 15 min,once a day,left and right alternately stimulate every time,for a total of 7 times.The changes of residual urine volume and urine output in rats at the 1st and the 7th days after operation were observed.And 7 d later,the rats were sacrificed and the injured spinal cord were taken out to observe the apoptosis,and to detect the changes of Bcl-2,Bax,Bad content.Results:After modeling,the rats of three groups showed different bladder dysfunction.In electro acupuncture group and electro acupuncture control group,the residual urine volume of the 7th day after operation was significant lower than the 1st day after operation(P<0.001),and there was statistically significant difference on the 7th day after operation between two groups(P<0.001).Compared with model group,the urine output of electro acupuncture group and electro acupuncture control group was significantly increased on the 7th day after operation,and there was significant difference between electro acupuncture group and electro acupuncture control group(P<0.001).Electro acupuncture can inhibit apoptosis of spinal cord neurons by TUNEL detection.Postoperative at 7 d,the rate of nerve cell apoptosis in electro acupuncture group and electro acupuncture control group was significant increased than model group(P<0.01,P<0.05),and there was significant difference between electro acupuncture group and electro acupuncture control group(P<0.005).Compared with model group,the positive expression rate of Bax,Bad decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05),and Bcl-2 increased(P<0.01)in electro acupuncture group and electro acupuncture control group,there was significant difference between electro acupuncture group and electro acupuncture control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:Electro acupuncture can obviously promote the repair of acute spinal cord injury,its mechanism may be through increasing Bcl-2,inhibiting the expression of Bax,Bad,which inhibits the apoptosis of spinal cord neurons.浙江省中医药科研计划项目(编号:2008CB067)~

类泛素蛋白及其中文命名

泛素家族包括泛素及类泛素蛋白,约20种成员蛋白.近年来,泛素家族领域取得了迅猛发展,并已与生物学及医学研究的各个领域相互交叉.泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬机制的发现分别于2004和2016年获得诺贝尔奖.但是,类泛素蛋白并没有统一规范的中文译名. 2018年4月9日在苏州召开的《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》专著的编委会上,部分作者讨论了类泛素蛋白的中文命名问题,并在随后的\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"(Ubiquitinfamily,autophagy anddiseases)苏州会议上提出了类泛素蛋白中文翻译草案,此草案在参加该会议的国内学者及海外华人学者间取得了高度共识.冷泉港亚洲\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"苏州会议是由美国冷泉港实验室主办、两年一度、面向全球的英文会议.该会议在海内外华人学者中具有广泛影响,因此,参会华人学者的意见具有一定的代表性.本文介绍了10个类别的类泛素蛋白的中文命名,系统总结了它们的结构特点,并比较了参与各种类泛素化修饰的酶和它们的生物学功能.文章由45名从事该领域研究的专家合作撰写,其中包括中国工程院院士1名,相关学者4名,长江学者3名,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者18名和美国知名高校华人教授4名.他们绝大多数是参加编写即将由科学出版社出版的专著《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》的专家