Studies on the Electroless Deposition of the Multi-alloys and their Structures and Performances

化学沉积多元合金因具有特殊的性能而日益受到关注。例如，NiFeP合金具有一定的磁性能，CoFeP合金具有优异的磁性能，而NiZnP合金具有突出的耐腐蚀性能。本文提出以柠檬酸钠为络合剂，硼酸为缓冲剂在弱碱性介质中化学沉积NiFeP、CoFeP和NiZn(Fe)P合金的方法，和文献中的其它沉积工艺比较，所用体系具有能够制得Fe或Zn含量较高的多元合金，而且沉积时没有刺激性气体产生等优点。本文较全面地研究了镀液组成和沉积条件对所述多元合金沉积速度和镀层组成的影响，探讨了NiFeP合金的沉积机理和镀液第三元组分对化学镀镍的影响；应用扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射、差示扫描量热等技术对镀层的结构、晶化行...Electroless multi-alloy deposits are attractive in recent year because of their special properties. For example, electroless NiFeP alloy is magnetic, CoFeP alloy has outstanding magnetic performances, and NiZnP alloy possesses excellent corrosion resistances. In this work, new basic baths for preparing electroless NiFeP, CoFeP and NiZnP alloys have been proposed, where sodium citrate was used as a...学位：理学博士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_物理化学(含化学物理)学号：B20012502

基于产权视角企业组织模块化的经济分析

模块化是当今企业组织变革的一个引人瞩目的趋势,然而目前对企业组织模块化的研究以管理学的角度居多,对其经济性质深入研究则显得不足。本文侧重从产权理论视角对企业组织模块化的现象进行经济分析,认为组织是产权不能清晰界定的产物,企业组织模块化降低了产权界定的成本,扩大了产权界定空间,缩小了组织的范围,进而推动了市场的扩展

真鲷幼鱼消化酶活性的昼夜变化

福建省自然科学基金!资助项目C95009

ON THE REVIVAL OF RURAL CHARACTERISTIC INDUSTRY IN ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT： A CASE STUDY OF ZI＇NI TOWN IN LONGHAI

抛开产业经济这个基础,流于建筑形式的“乡村复兴”只是空壳。本文从产业复兴的视角出发,以龙海市紫泥镇蘑菇产业为研究案例,结合当地废弃蘑菇房的改造与再利用,论述如何利用现有的空间形式和建筑手法,从生产、加工、经营等方面进行产业复兴,从而再现乡村活力。The ＂rural revival＂ of an architectural formality is only an empty shell, when it puts aside the industrial economy. From the perspective of industrial revival, this paper takes the mushroom industry of Zi＇ni town in Longhai as the research case, combining with the transformation and re-use of the local abandoned mushroom breeding room and discusses how to use the existing forms of space and architectural practices from the aspects of production, processing and management to carry out the industrial revival, so as to reproduce the vitality of the village

The Electroless Plating Ni-Fe-P Alloy and Its Voltammetric Behavior

在以次亚磷酸钠为还原剂 ,硼酸为缓冲剂和柠檬酸钠为络合剂的碱性介质中 ,研究了镍_铁_磷合金化学沉积条件 (pH值 ,温度及 [Fe2 + ]/([Ni2 + ]+[Fe2 + ])物质的量比 )对沉积速率和镀层组成的影响 ;并由此建立镀液稳定的最佳沉积工艺 .实验表明 ,镀液中硫酸亚铁对沉积镍_铁_磷合金有阻碍作用 (降低了化学沉积速率 ) ,造成镀层中铁含量不高 (小于 2 0 % ) ,使用循环伏安技术研究了镍_铁_磷合金的电沉积机理 .结果发现铁对次亚磷酸钠的氧化不起催化作用 ,提高镀液温度和pH值有增加沉积速率之效Electroless Ni_Fe_P alloy deposition from an alkaline bath, containing sodium hypophosphite as reducer, boric acid as buffer agent and sodium citrate as complexing agent, was investigated. To increase the plating rate and to inprove the bath stability, the deposition parameters were optimized. The effects of process parameters (pH,temperature and mole ratio of [Fe 2+ ]/([Ni 2+ ]+[Fe 2+ ]) on the plating rate and deposit composition were examined and it was found that the presence of ferrous sulfate in the bath has an inhibitory effect on the alloy deposition. As a consequence, the per_centage of iron in the electroless Ni_Fe_P alloys never reaches high values which is lower 20.0%. Using cyclic voltammetry the electrodeposition mechanism of Ni_Fe_P alloys was investigated. It was observed that the presence of ferrous sulfate in the bath decreases the deposition rate and the iron doesn′t catalyst on the oxidation of hypophosphite. However, the increase in temperature or pH leads to improving the deposition rate.作者联系地址：华侨大学材料科学与工程学院,厦门大学化学系,固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室 福建泉州362011 ,福建厦门361005Author's Address: 1.College of materials science and engineering,Huaqiao university,Quanzhou 362011, China, 2.State key laboratory for physical chemistry of solid surface,Department of chernistry, Xiamen university, Xiamen 361005, Chin

Biological mechanism underlying the formation of greasy fur

腻苔是一种临床常见的病理性舌苔,主湿浊、痰饮、食积等,在中医临床诊断与治疗中有重要的临床意义与辨证价值,研究腻苔形成的现代生物学机制有重要的理论; 和实践意义。文章从舌表面脱落细胞学、微生态学、相关蛋白与基因表达及物质代谢等方面对腻苔形成的生物学机制进行了综述,并对腻苔与肠道微生态的关系,腻; 苔与现代医学疾病的关系进行了阐述,以期从现代生物医学角度对腻苔形成的物质基础、发生机制、变化规律及与相关疾病的关系作相关阐明,为疾病的中医诊断与; 治疗提供借鉴和帮助。Greasy fur is a common pathological tongue coating and is mainly seen in; the clinical practice in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), such as in; the dampness turbidity, the phlegm and fluid retention, the dyspepsia or; food accumulation, and so on. Greasy fur shows important clinical; significance and differentiation value in TCM diagnosis and treatment,; there is also great theoretical and practical significance in the; studying of the modern biomedical mechanism underlying the formation of; the greasy fur. Here we summarized the formation mechanism of the greasy; fur from the aspects of the shedding cytology of the tongue surface, the; microecology, the expression of the relative genes and proteins and the; metabolism. The relationship between the greasy fur and the intestinal; microecology, and between the greasy fur and the diseases were also; discussed in this paper. Through summarizing these related research; literatures, we want to elucidate the material basis, the occurrence; mechanism and the changing rules of the greasy fur from the perspective; of the modern biomedicine, and to elucidate its relationship with some; related modern medicine diseases, thus to provide references and; assistance for the disease diagnosis and treatment in TCM clinic.国家重点研发计划重点专项; 教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划; 国家自然科学基金项

退火温度对Cu_(NPs)@ZnO纳米复合薄膜结构与光学性能的影响

使用磁控溅射结合惰性气体冷凝的方法制备了Cu纳米粒子,通过将Cu纳米粒子沉积与ZnO离子束溅射原位复合的方法制得了CuNPs@ZnO纳米复合薄膜,并研究了退火温度对CuNPs@ZnO纳米粒子复合薄膜的结构和光学性能的影响。通过对样品的表征发现所得产物中存在着低温条件下难以形成的立方相、岩盐结构的ZnO。并且,样品的微观形貌、结晶性和光学性能随着退火温度的变化而发生显著地变化

The Effect of Ferrous Sulphate on the Electroless Depositionof Co-Fe-P Alloys

　在以次亚磷酸钠为还原剂、硼酸为缓冲剂和柠檬酸钠为络合剂的碱性介质中,化学沉积钴 铁 磷合金和钴 磷合金.研究了沉积工艺,如pH值和主盐CoSO4/FeSO4的摩尔比对沉积速率的影响.发现镀液中的硫酸亚铁对钴 铁 磷合金沉积有阻碍作用,以致其沉积速率比钴 磷的低.电化学极化实验表明,硫酸亚铁既影响阳极过程又影响阴极过程,它降低了两者的极化电流和极化电势.电化学实验结果与沉积速度测量结果基本相符.Electroless deposition of Co-P alloy and Co-Fe-P alloy from an alkaline bath, containing sodium hypophosphite as a reducer, boric acid as a buffer agent and sodium citrate as a complexing agent, was investigated respectively. The effects of process parameters, such as pH of solution and metallic salt mole ratio of CoSO_(4)/FeSO_(4), on the plating rate were examined. It was found that the presence of ferrous sulfate in the bath has an inhibitory effect on the alloy deposition. As a consequence, the plating rate of Co-Fe-P is lower than that of Co-P. The electrochemical polarization measurements have been carried out to examine the effect of ferrous sulphate on the cathodic or the (anodic) polarization process. The ferrous sulphate affects both the cathodic and anodic polarization processes, which reduces the deposition current and potential. The results of the electrochemical polarization experiments agree well with those of electroless deposition rate measurements.作者联系地址：华侨大学材料科学与工程学院,华侨大学材料科学与工程学院 福建泉州362011 ,福建泉州362011Author's Address: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362011,Chin

Effect of Process Conditions on Electroless Ni-Co-P alloy

采用硼酸为缓冲剂 ,柠檬酸钠为络合剂化学镀Ni Co P合金。考察了镀液pH值、钴离子浓度和温度对化学镀Ni Co P沉积速度的影响 ;研究了钴离子浓度对镀层组成的影响 ,获得了化学镀Ni Co P合金的最佳工艺条件为 :镀液pH值为 7.0 ,操作温度 90℃ ,CoSO4 ·7H2 O浓度为 11g/L。此工艺下镀液稳定性好 ,镀层沉积速度快 ;所得镀层为非晶结构。The electroless Ni\|Co\|P alloys were deposited from bath using H\-3BO\-3 as buffer agent and sodium citrate as complexing agent. The effects of pH, concentration of Co\+\{2+\} and temperature on depositing rate were studied including the effect of concentration of Co\+\{2+\} on the composition of deposit. Formula of electroless Ni\|Co\|P alloys plating was optimized so as to obtain high depositing rate and good stable bath that pH was 7.0, temperature was 90 ℃ and CoSO\-4·7H\-2O content was 11 g/L. The Ni\|Co\|P plating was an amorphous structure.国家自然科学基金资助课题 (批准号 :2 0 0 730 35

Investigation of Mixed Potential in Electroless Ni-W-P Plating

　测量了化学镀Ni P和Ni W P过程混合电位随时间的变化,并分析其变化规律。指出Emix的正移与pH值随时间而降低有关,而且pH值的降低会加速化学镀的诱发过程。低碳钢诱发化学镀Ni W P会在混合电位 时间曲线上出现两个电位阶梯,其原因在于低碳钢在给定的镀液体系中稳定电位不够负,不能提供足够的能量使化学镀Ni W P快速发生,只有当表面形成达到一定覆盖度的具有催化活性的Ni原子层后,才能迅速地诱发化学镀过程;而Ni P和Ni W P的稳定电位足够负,可以使化学镀过程快速诱发,故仅有一个电位阶梯。The mixed potentials as a function of time were measured during the process of electroless Ni\|P and Ni\|W\|P plating, and their patterns were also analyzed. It was indicated that the positive shift of Emix was related to the pH value which decreased with time, and that the decrease in pH could accelerate the initiation of electroless plating. Two potential steps were observed on Emix\|t curves when the mild steel was used as the substrate of electroless Ni\|W\|P plating because of its less negative stable potential, which couldn't supply enough energy for rapid electroless deposition of Ni\|W\|P, and none but a layer of catalytic nickel with considerable coverage on mild steel was needed for rapidly initiating the electroless plating. However, since sufficient negative stable potentials, Ni\|P and Ni\|W\|P were able to initiate electroless deposition rapidly, hence only one potential step was found.国家自然科学基金资助项目(20073035