Study on the Theory of Human Capital:An Exploration of the Sourse and Allocation of Enterprise Rights

本文是从企业权利的来源与配置的视角，以对西方的人力资本范畴的经济分析为主线，对人力资本理论的系统评析。西奥多·舒尔茨等人为了特定的分析目的，在西方经济学的分析范式下，提出了人力资本理论。新制度经济学在分析企业问题时，也将人力资本纳入其分析框架。事实上，“人力资本”并非是一个科学严谨的概念。它既不能如舒尔茨希望的那样能够解决新古典经济学面临的理论难题，更不能如新制度经济学家设想的，可以将人力资本作为构建企业理论的有力工具之一。更重要的是，人力资本理论引入我国后，许多学者自觉不自觉地将其嫁接到马克思的资本理论框架内，造成了一系列的理论混乱。本文认为，西方的资本理论与马克思的资本理论分属两种根本不同...From the angle of the source and allocation of organization rights, this thesis, in which economic analysis of western human capital is its main thread, is to analyze human capital systematically. For specific analysis purpose, Theodore W. Schultz and other economists put forward human capital theory in western economic paradigm. New Institutional Economics also takes human capital into its analys...学位：经济学博士院系专业：经济学院经济研究所_政治经济学学号：B20031600

银行治理视角下资本监管对银行风险承担的影响研究

本文基于中国55家商业银行2007-2015年的面板数据,分析了资本监管与银行风险承担行为的关系,并探讨了银行股权结构对二者关系的影响。结果表明:第一,银行的资本充足率监管套利行为比较严重,资本充足率和核心资本充足率显著提高了我国银行风险承担;第二,杠杆率显著降低了我国银行风险承担;第三,银行股权集中度增强了资本充足率和核心资本充足率对银行风险的增加作用,削弱了杠杆率对银行风险的降低作用;第四,非国有银行的资本充足率监管套利行为更严重,杠杆率对其风险的降低作用更小,其股权集中度对资本水平与银行风险关系的增强作用更大。国家自然科学基金青年项目“银行系统风险的建模与估计:基于银行同业复杂网络和货币政策视角”(71501167)的阶段性成

企业家人力资本的专用性特征及其治理模式创新

企业家人力资本具有专用性特征 ,其与企业的非人力资本间的合约需有严格的保护。在我国转轨经济的现实情况下 ,应对西方通行的委托代理式的企业治理模式进行超越 ,构建企业家专用性人力资本与企业专用性的非人力资本所有权一体化的抵押式企业治理模式 ,解决因市场不完备、信息不对称和竞争不充分而造成的对企业家的激励与约束双重失灵问

按劳分配实现形式的创新——从资本家剥削的产权经济学分析中得出的命题

劳动力产权是一组权利束,资本主义国家的雇佣劳动制度造成了劳动力产权的残缺,资本家的剥削收入来自对雇佣工人劳动力所有权收入的侵蚀。我国实行的是社会主义市场经济,传统的按劳分配面临许多现实性障碍,所以应进行按劳分配实现形式的创新,采用双层分配机制,确保劳动力产权在分配上的完整实现

高龄孕妇的妊娠结局

【目的】了解高龄孕妇的妊娠结局,为提高该高危人群的围产期预后提供指导。【方法】回顾性分析2006年2月11日至2006年10月7日在我院分娩的156例年龄介于35～48岁高龄孕妇的妊娠结局,并随机选择同期分娩的年龄介于21～34岁的孕妇156例作为对照。【结果】高龄组剖宫产率及辅助生育受孕率均显著高于对照组,妊娠期糖尿病及糖耐量异常、胎儿窘迫、早产的发生率高于对照组,而HSV及CMV感染显著低于对照组,两组新生儿畸形率及围产儿死亡率差异无显著性。【结论】高龄与早产、胎儿窘迫、妊娠期糖尿病、剖宫产率升高等不良妊娠结局密切相关。在妊娠期应加强对高龄孕妇糖尿病和早产等高危因素的筛查,分娩过程中密切监护,及早发现胎儿窘迫的征兆,改善妊娠结局

Design of Raman spectroscopy measurement system based on SHINERS

基于壳层隔绝纳米粒子增强技术,开发了一种新型的等离激元拉曼光谱测试系统,该系统能够有效地提高被测物质的拉曼反射信号强度。壳层隔绝纳米粒子增强技术采用包裹了极薄的二氧化硅或者氧化铝壳层的单层金纳米粒子,能够产生较强的表面增强效应。整个测试系统的硬件部分主要包括双处理器(ArM和dSP)主控板、半导体激光光源、光谱仪、光纤探头和粒子施加装置;软件部分能够自动获取被测物质的拉曼谱图。这里,粒子施加装置用于自动地将壳层隔绝纳米粒子施加到被测样本中。在实验中,将测试系统用于检测食品违禁添加物三聚氰胺和孔雀石绿,以验证壳层隔绝纳米粒子增强拉曼光谱技术。实验结果表明,该测试系统具有较高的测试灵敏度和较短的测试时间,广泛地适用于食品安全中痕量物质快速检测。In this paper,the Raman spectroscopy mea surement system was presented,where Shell isolated Nanoparticle Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy(SHINERS) technique was used to amplify the Raman signal.This technique used gold nanoparticles coated with a thin,uniform,fully enclosed and optically transparent shell of silica or alumina so that the gold core generated a large surface enhancement.Based on this technique,the hardware framework of this measurement system was mainly composed of double central control chips(ARM and DSP),a laser diode source,a spectrometer,a fiber probe and a nanoparticle giving device;and the software of this system can achieve the Raman spectrogram automatically.The giving device was used to spread the SHINERS particle into the samples for improving automation.The experiments were performed to detect the food added melamine and malachite green for verifying the effectiveness of SHINERS.The results show that the measurement system is of high detection sensitivity and short testing time effectively,which can be widely adopted in the rapid detection of trace substances in food safety.国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项(2011YQ03012417

Correlation between use of social software and high risk behaviors of HIV infection among MSM in Beijing

目的了解北京市男男性行为者（MSM）社交软件的使用与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染及其影响因素的相关性,为今后干预工作提供依据。方法 2016年3—5月,由社区小组招募MSM进行问卷调查,同时进行HIV抗体检测。结果共招募215名MSM,回收有效问卷214份。214人的平均年龄为30.8岁;学历在大专及以上者占73.4%;同性恋者占72.4%;84.6%的人主要通过社交软件寻找性伴。214人中确证HIV感染5人,阳性率为2.3%。分析显示,是否使用社交软件、是否使用同性社交软件和是否使用普通人群社交软件均与HIV感染不相关。多因素分析结果显示,受教育程度高、性取向为同性恋的人更多地使用同性社交软件。63.1%被调查者自述曾经在社交软件上了解到艾滋病防治相关知识,但自述了解程度与是否通过社交软件获得相关信息不相关。结论 MSM社交软件的使用与HIV感染情况无关,也没有增加其对艾滋病知识的了解。但可以考虑改进同性社交软件功能,增加艾滋病防治知识内容,对MSM尤其是高学历、自我定位为同性恋的MSM进行艾滋病防治宣传。[Objective] To understand the correlation between the use of social software and human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）infection and its influencing factors among men who have sex with men（MSM）in Beijing,provide the basis for future intervention work.[Methods]From May to March in 2016,MSM was recruited by community groups to carry out a questionnaire survey and HIV antibody of them was detected.[Results]A total of 215 MSM were recruited and 214 valid questionnaires were recovered. The average age of the 214 MSM was 30.8 years old,73.4% had the education level in college and above,the homosexuals accounted for 72.4%,and84.6% of the respondents mainly found sexual partners through the social software. There were 5 cases of confirmed HIV infection among 214 MSM with the positive rate of 2.3%. The analysis revealed that whether the respondents use the social software,the homosexual social software and the general social software were not related to HIV infection. The results of multivariate analysis showed that people with higher educational level and homosexual orientation were more likely to use the homosexual social software. 63.1% of respondents reported that they had been obtained the knowledge of AIDS prevention and control from social software,but the understanding level was not related to whether the relevant information was obtained through social software or not.[Conclusion]The use of social software has no correlation with HIV infection among MSM,and does not increase their knowledge level of AIDS prevention and control. However,it is necessary to improve the function of the homosexual social software and increase the content of AIDS prevention and control knowledge to carry out the AIDS education among MSM,especially those with higher educational level and homosexual orientation

Mechanism of geniposide in improving free fatty acid metabolism in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

观察栀子苷改善非酒精性脂肪性肝病的效果,从游离脂肪酸探讨栀子苷调节非酒精性脂肪性肝病的作用机制。健康雄性Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为4组:正常组、模型组、栀子苷组和血脂康组,每组大鼠10只,正常组大鼠给予正常大鼠饲料喂养,其余3组大鼠均采用高脂饲料喂养以诱导非酒精性脂肪性肝病,造模时间为8周,从第5周起至第8周末,栀子苷组和血脂康组分别灌服相应的药物。记录大鼠体重、肝湿重、脂肪质量;用相应方法检测肝组织TG,FFA,FAS,AMPK,ACCase及Malonyl-Co A含量,血清CHO,LDL-C的含量,血清AST,ALT的活性;观察肝脏组织肉眼及病理变化(HE染色法)。结果显示,与正常组相比,模型组大鼠的体重;肝湿重;脂肪重;血清CHO,LDL-C,ALT,AST;肝组织TG,FFA,FAS,ACCase及Malonyl-Co A含量皆显著升高(P<0.01);肝组织AMPK活性显著降低(P<0.01),肝组织肉眼外观及病理切片脂肪变性明显,并出现炎症损伤;与模型组相比,栀子苷组大鼠体重、脂肪质量、肝组织FFA含量、血清ALT,AST活性均显著降低(P<0.01),肝湿重,肝组织TG,FAS,ACCase及Malonyl-Co A含量明显降低(P<0.05),肝组织AMPK活性明显增多(P<0.05),肝脏肉眼外观及病理学表现均有所改善;与模型组相比,血脂康组大鼠的肝湿重、脂肪质量、肝组织TG,FFA和血清LDL-C水平明显降低(P<0.05);与血脂康组相比,栀子苷组大鼠的体重、脂肪质量、肝组织FFA含量均显著降低(P<0.01),其他方面无明显差异。结果表明,栀子苷具有显著的改善高脂饮食诱导的大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝病的药理效应;其改善大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝病的游离脂肪酸代谢是通过调节"AMPK-ACCase-Malonyl-Co A-FFA"轴来实现的。To observe the effect of geniposide on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease( NAFLD),and discuss the mechanism of geniposide for NAFLD from the aspect of free fatty acid,forty healthy Wistar male rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,geniposide and Xuezhikang group. The rats in normal group were fed with normal diets,and the rats in other 3 groups were given with high-fat diet for 8 weeks to induce the NAFLD models. From the week 5 to end of week 8,the rats in geniposide and Xuezhikang group were intervened with corresponding medicines. The body weight,liver wet weight,and fat weight of the rats were recorded.Visual and pathological changes in hepatic tissues were observed with HE staining. The contents of TG,FFA,FAS,AMPK,ACCase and Malonyl-Co A in hepatic tissue,contents of CHO and LDL-C in serum and activities of AST and ALT in serum were detected by using corresponding methods. The results showed that the body weight,liver wet weight,and fat weight of the rats,CHO,LDL-C,ALT and AST levels in serum,TG,FFA,FAS,ACCase and Malonyl-Co A levels in hepatic tissues of the rats in model group were significantly higher than those in normal group( P < 0. 01),while AMPK activity was significantly lower than that of the normal group( P < 0. 01),with obvious visual and pathological steatosis in hepatic tissues,and inflammatory injury occurred in model group. Compared with the model group,body weight of the rat,fat weight,levels of FFA in hepatic tissues,ALT and AST activities in serum,liver wet weight,TG,FAS,ACCase and Malonyl-Co A levels were significantly decreased in geniposide group( P < 0. 01),while the AMPK activity in hepatic tissues was significantly increased( P < 0. 05),with improvement in visual and pathological performance.Compared with the model group,liver wet weight,fat weight,TG and FFA levels in hepatic tissues,and LDL-C level in serum were significantly decreased in Xuezhikang group( P < 0. 05). Compared with Xuezhikang group,the body weight of rat,fat weight and FFA level in hepatic tissues were significantly lower in geniposide group( P < 0. 01),but with no significant difference in other aspects. These findings indicated that geniposide was highly effective in improving the pharmacological effect of NAFLD induced by highfat diet,and the mechanism was achieved through AMPK-ACCase-Malonyl-Co A-FFA axis.国家自然科学基金项目(81274155;81503529);; 福建省自然科学基金项目(2014J01374);; 福建省高等学校新世纪人才计划项目;; 厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20134020);; 福建省中医药科研项目(WZPW201308

Thermal performance testing for high power light-emitting diode based on voltage-current characteristics with pulse injection

热学特性是影响功率型lEd光学和电学特性的主要因素之一,设计了一套基于脉冲式u-I特性的功率型lEd热学特性测试系统,可以测试在不同结温下lEd工作电流与正向电压的关系,从而获得lEd的热学特性参数。该系统通过产生窄脉冲电流来驱动lEd,对其峰值时的电压电流进行采样,同时控制和采集lEd的热沉温度,从而获得不同温度下lEd的u-I特性曲线。与其他u-I测试系统相比,文中采用了窄脉冲(1μS)工作电流,lEd器件Pn结区处于发热与散热的交替过程,不会造成大的热积累,大大提高了测量精度。实验中,对某功率型lEd进行了测试,获得了该器件的电压、电流和结温特性曲线,并利用b样条建立该器件的u-I-T模型,进而实现了对其结温的实时在线检测。Thermal performance is one of the main factors which affect the optical and electrical performance of high power LED.The thermal performance testing system for high power LEDs based on voltage-current characteristics with pulse injection was designed in this paper, which can test the relationship between the operating current and forward voltage of LED under different junction temperatures, thereby obtaining LED thermal characteristics parameters.The system worked by generating a controlled narrow pulse current to drive the LED, and sampling the peaks of voltage and current of LEDs with LED heat sink temperature control and acquisition, thereby obtaining the voltage-current characteristic curve in different junction temperatures.Compared with other voltage-current testing systems, the designed system adapts the narrow pulse duty cycle(1 μs), so the PN junction of LED devices is always in the process of alternately heating and cooling, which can avoid large heat accumulation and greatly improve the accuracy of measurement.In the experiment, a power LED device was tested by the system and the voltage-current-temperature curve was obtained.Then the B-spline based U-I-T model of the LED was established, so the real-time online detection of LED device was achieved.国家自然科学基金(61102030