医院门诊药房全自动整盒发药设备使用优劣势分析

目的提高全自动整盒发药设备在门诊药房的使用效果,为国内其他医院引进该设备提供参考。方法结合智能化门诊药房的实际工作和全自动整盒发药设备的运行情况,评价该设备使用的优劣势。结果与结论全自动整盒发药设备的引进,改变了药师的工作环境,规范了药品的使用管理,但仍需要通过规范操作来减少某些弊端,同时加强管理,促进设备的高效运作,使其发挥最大优势

New method of variable excitation MFL testing under the condition of small magnetizing apparatus

为解决常规储罐和管道的漏磁检测(Mfl)方法中磁化器体积大、耗能多的缺点,提出了一种小型磁化器条件下的变励磁Mfl检测新方法。首先,分析了小磁化器条件下被测钢板磁化状态随外部励磁强度的变化特性,推导了偏置磁化条件下励磁通变化量与漏磁场变化率的关系模型;其次,根据所建立的关系模型,设计了一种新型变励磁Mfl检测探头,并给出变励磁Mfl法的系统实现方案;再次,结合实现方案,搭建了变励磁Mfl相应的实验平台;最后,在该平台上,开展了一系列的物理实验并对实验结果进行了深入讨论。实验结果表明,所提变励磁Mfl法无需对被测钢板进行局部饱和磁化,适合小型磁化器条件并具有较高的灵敏度。变励磁Mfl法为漏磁检测领域提供了一种新的检测思路。In the conventional method of magnetic flux leakage( MFL) testing,the magnetizer is in big volume and with more energy consumption.To solve the problem,a new method of variable excitation MFL testing under the condition of small magnetizer is proposed.First of all,the state of magnetized steel along with the change of the external excitation's intensity under the condition of small magnetizer is analyzed.Secondly,according to the established model,a new type of testing probe for the variable excitation of MFL is designed and a new implementation scheme is proposed.Furthermore,combining with the implementation scheme,an appropriate testing platform of the variable excitation MFL is set.Finally,a series of physical experiments on the platform are carried out and the results of the experiment were discussed.The experimental results show that the proposed method don't need to make local saturation magnetization of tested steel plate,which is suitable for the condition of small magnetizer with higher sensitivity.The new method provides a new testing idea for MFL testing field.国家自然科学基金(51177141); 中央高校基本科研业务项目(2010121041); 航空基金(2012ZD68003)资助项

Adsorption behavior of Fe-Mn binary oxide towards As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) and its application in biogas slurry

研究了铁锰复合氧化物(fMbO)吸附去除AS(Ⅲ)、AS(V)的性能。结果表明fMbO对AS(Ⅲ)、AS(V)均具有较好的吸附能力,其饱和吸附量分别为111.10、71.40 Mg·g-1。AS(Ⅲ)和AS(V)是通过与fMbO表面的fE—OH基团进行交换并形成内层络合物的形式被fMbO吸附,且AS(Ⅲ)的吸附是吸附和氧化共同作用的结果。另外,沼液中共存离子对AS(Ⅲ)和AS(V)的吸附有不同的影响。zn2+能够增加fMbO对AS(Ⅲ)、AS(V)的吸附量,且增加幅度随着zn2+浓度的增加而增加;磷酸根对AS(Ⅲ)、AS(V)的吸附有明显的抑制作用,当磷与砷的分子摩尔比为1时,fMbO对AS(Ⅲ)、AS(V)的吸附量分别降低了34.70%、31.50%;但是有机物(腐殖酸、动物蛋白及尿素)对fMbO吸附AS(Ⅲ)、AS(V)的影响不大。利用fMbO对实际沼液中的砷进行吸附,结果表明砷的去除率平均达到65%左右,使吸附后某些沼液中砷的浓度达到生活饮用水标准和地表水排放标准。因此,将fMbO用于砷污染的沼液及水体的治理具有很好的应用前景。The adsorption behavior of arsenite(As(Ⅲ)) and arsenate(As(Ⅴ)) by Fe-Mn binary oxide(FMBO) was studied.The results indicated that FMBO had strong adsorption ability to both As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) and the maximum adsorption capacity was 111.10, 71.40 mg·g-1 respectively.As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) were adsorbed on FMBO surface through forming inner-sphere surface complexes by ligand exchange with hydroxyl groups, and As(Ⅲ) removal by FMBO was through an oxidation and adsorption combined process.In addition, the influences of co-existing substances generally present in biogas slurry were examined.Zinc ion could promote As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) adsorption on FMBO and the adsorption capacity increased with increasing zinc ion concentration.Phosphate had significant effect on As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) removal.When P/As ratio was equal to 1, the adsorption capacity of As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) was reduced by 34.70%, 31.50%, respectively.However, organics, such as humic acid, animal protein and carbamide had no significant effect on As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) removal.Moreover, FMBO as adsorbent for removal arsenic of actual biogas slurry was investigated.The average removal rate of arsenic of actual biogas slurry was about 65%, decreasing the arsenic concentration of some biogas slurry to the drinking water and surface water discharge standard.Therefore, FMBO could be an attractive adsorbent for both As(Ⅴ) and As(Ⅲ) removal from biogas slurry.国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB733505); 国家自然科学基金项目(21077086)~

小槐花的化学成分研究

目的:系统研究中药小槐花中的化学成分。方法:利用大孔树脂,Sephadex LH-20,ODS及正相硅胶柱等色谱手段进行分离,通过多种波谱学数据分析进行化合物的结构鉴定。结果:从小槐花60%乙醇提取物中分离得到15个化合物,经结构鉴定分别为豆甾醇(1),β-谷甾醇(2),柠檬酚(3),黄槿酮A(4),异柠檬酚(5),kenusanone I(6),neophellamuretin(7),清酒缸酚(8),古柯三醇(9),黄槿酮D(10),山柰酚(11),8-prenylquercetin(12),leachianone G(13),5,7,4'-三羟基-二氢黄酮醇(14),4H-1-benzopyran-4-one,2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-3,5,7-trihydroxy-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-,(2R-trans)-(9CI)(15)。结论:除化合物8外,所有化合物均为从该种植物中首次分离得到

Application of Green Theorem in Optimum Catching Question of Fishery Resources

利用马尔萨斯生物种群理论中的鱼口模型和Verhulst方程,给出了时间和捕捞数量的关系,然后利用定理,得到了按照一定数量捕捞,才能使恰当时间捕捞的鱼口数量最多的最优方案.Based on the fish population models in Malthusian theory and Verhulst equation,the relationship between the time and the catching amount is presented.By using Green theorem,the optimum scheme that the maximum amount of fish can be caught at a given time is obtained

生态退耕区种植业面源污染潜在风险变化分析——以宁夏盐池县为例

以不断增加农资投入的方式提高耕地单产,是西部生态退耕区为缓解因耕地数量减少所导致的农作物总产量下降所采取的重要举措,但种植业面源污染潜在风险随之加重。如果不重视这种风险,生态退耕的作用将会被环境污染所抵消,使生态退耕区面临生态退化和环境污染的双重压力。该文以宁夏盐池县为例,利用能值分析探讨西部生态退耕区1998～2008年期间的种植业面源污染潜在风险的变化特征。建议西部生态退耕区的农资投入应限制数量、提高质量和利用率,并不断加强产地环境监测;种植业的可持续发展应该注重生态农业和有机农业的发展

青岛市种植业主要投入要素碳排放及其强度分析

种植业碳排放是总碳足迹的重要组成部分,其来源及碳排放强度已成为减少温室气体排放的急需探讨的科学问题。本研究通过追溯种植业碳排放的来源,选定主要投入要素的碳排放系数,核算青岛市1995—2012年种植业碳排放及其碳排放强度。结果表明:(1)1995—2012年种植业碳排放总体上是逐年减少的,整个研究阶段可分为2个时期:1995—2007年碳排放保持稳定时期,2008—2012年碳排放逐渐减少时期;(2)种植业主要投入要素碳排放均值所占比例显示,氮肥贡献率最大,达43.31%,而农膜1995—2012年增长率最大,达到85.51%,农膜的相对贡献率最大;(3)碳排放强度表明产值和产量的提高,可以通过农田投入要素的有效组合和高效利用得到,并不会引起碳排放的增加