Japan's Juvenile Law System in Transition——The Dilemma of Welfare Model of Juvenile Justice Development and Probable Approaches

日本的少年司法制度的建立过程是一部“脱刑事”的发展史，从散见于刑事法律中的特别规定，到专门立法，再到独立于刑事司法制度的少年司法制度的建立，经历了漫长的历史时期。1948年颁布的新少年法对旧少年法进行了根本的变革，家庭裁判所成为少年案件的中枢处理机关，家庭裁判所主导的少年保护程序成为成为处理少年案件的主要程序，刑事程序的启动只作为保护程序终局决定之一。这次修法是立法上、刑事政策上跨时代的变革，完成了日本少年司法制度的基本构建。本文以日本少年法制的远近变迁为切入点，先分析日本少年司法制度的形成过程、发展现状；再回归少年司法制度的母型，来解明严罚化现象背后福利型少年司法陷入发展穷境的根本原因，并寻...The establishing of Japan’s Juvenile Justice System can be regarded as a historical development of decriminalization. Firstly it appeared as special regulations scattered around criminal laws, the next as special law, finally an independent justice system, which went through a long period of history. Juvenile Law of 1948 totally changed the old law. Family Court becomes process center for juvenile...学位：法律硕士院系专业：法学院_法律硕士学号：1302013115026

Z-十八碳-9-烯-丙磺酰胺对糖尿病认知功能障碍小鼠学习记忆功能的影响

探索新化合物Z-十八碳-9-烯-丙磺酰胺（N15）对糖尿病认知功能障碍（DACD）小鼠学习记忆功能的作用及机制。采用链脲佐菌素（STZ）连续小剂量腹腔注射以及高脂高糖加STZ诱导2型糖尿病小鼠模型,N15(50和100mg·kg-1·d-1)连续灌胃给药6周,于给药末期进行跳台、避暗以及Morris水迷宫测试以评价小鼠学习记忆功能;对海马内葡萄糖和乳酸水平进行测定;通过realtimePCR测定海马内突触成长相关蛋白-43（GAP-43）、突触素（SYN）、脑源性生长因子（BDNF）和神经营养因子-3（NT-3）m RNA的表达。结果表明,N15可显著改善模型小鼠学习记忆能力,降低海马内葡萄糖和乳酸含量,显著上调海马内GAP-43、SYN、BDNF和NT-3 m RNA表达水平。上述结果表明,新型化合物N15具有改善糖尿病认知功能障碍的作用,其机制可能与增加海马内突触生长相关因子和神经营养因子表达相关。福建省教育厅资助项目(JAT160583

中国城市商业银行资本充足率的影响因素分析--基于6家上市城市商业银行的数据

选取6家上市城市商业银行的面板数据,对资本充足率的影响因素进行分析。研究发现,权益增速对资本充足率增速的解释作用较好,其次是利润增速和不良贷款率增速,两者与资本充足率增速的变动方向都是相反的。解释作用较差的是贷款增速,而资产增速与资本充足率增速的关系不确定。据此提出提高城市商业银行资本充足率的对策,包括通过增发股票和发行长期次级债券等方式补充资本金,以及通过调整资产组合、改善资产结构、减少不良贷款和加强风险管理团队的建设等措施降低风险加权资产总量

ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死院前溶栓治疗中国专家共识

急性心肌梗死仍然严重威胁我国人民健康,在我国广大城乡地区,形势更为严峻[1,2]。及时救治急性心肌梗死患者,降低死亡率和保护心脏功能刻不容缓。鉴于我国的实际情况,院前溶栓治疗在大城市以外的城乡地区具有重要意义。为此,中国医师协会胸痛专业委员会及中国医学救援协会心血管急救分会专门组织有关专家制订了本共识,旨在帮助院前医疗急救人员对急性心肌梗死患者选择最佳

Examining philosophical congruity between kindergartens and primary schools in Hong Kong: implications for thekindergarten-primary school transition

published_or_final_versionEducationMasterMaster of Educatio

The mitigating effect of substrate depth on green roof stormwater discharge

Urbanization replaces once permeable surfaces with relatively impervious ones, thereby degrading the natural hydrologic cycle. Impervious surfaces intensify stormwater runoff in terms of overall mass and temporal response, especially under torrential rainfalls. Since such runoff could become massive in volume and concentrated in time, they place significant stress on the urban drainage system and increase the risks of combined sewage overflow and flooding, which could introduce a range of deleterious consequences to cities and surrounding natural habitats. In sustainable urban stormwater management like the Low Impact Development, green roof presents an on-site source-reduction measure that mimics the pre-development hydrologic functions of storing and gradually releasing precipitation. Green roof can retain and detain stormwater as well as delay and suppress peak discharge. However, green roof stormwater studies have largely been conducted in non-tropical regions of the world. Since green roof’s quantitative hydrologic performance can be much influenced by local meteorological conditions, the degree to which such findings can be generalized to other climates, such as Hong Kong’s humid subtropical regime, calls for investigation. Moreover, substrate depth has long been regarded as an influential factor in green roof stormwater retention, but two recent studies have provided contradictory results. The objectives of this study are: 1) To evaluate green roof stormwater mitigation performance and potentials in Hong Kong for the first time; 2) To investigate systematically the effect of substrate depth on quantitative hydrologic performance; 3) To identify factors that affect green roof performance; 4) To develop a holistic conceptualization of the various system water storage spaces within a green roof system, for a better understanding of their role in stormwater mitigation. Using small-scale (1.1 m2) raised green roof plots placed on an actual urban rooftop, the effect of 40 mm soil, 40 mm soil + 40 mm rockwool, 80 mm soil, and 80 mm soil + 40 mm rockwool on stormwater mitigation performance relative to control were analyzed. Three core performance indicators (percent retention, peak delay, and peak reduction) were employed to evaluate green roof performance. The results suggest that, while the retention performance of the studied green roofs under Hong Kong’s heavy rainfall regime seems to be less effective, remarkable peak reduction and peak delay were observed even when the green roof system has reached full moisture-storage capacity. Such findings are in line with the proposed Green-roof System Capacity model that green roof serves as an effective buffer that regulates water flow through the system. No statistical significance was found between substrate-depth treatments, despite the higher performance across all three indicators for treatment 80. However, satisfactory peak performance of the 40-mm thin substrate suggests that green roof can be applied even on existing buildings that have limited loading capacity. Pertinent meteorological factors were identified. All in all, extensive green roof remains as an effective and promising alternative mitigation strategy to urban stormwater management in Hong Kong with potential application to other tropical areas.Li Ka Shing Prize, The Best MPhil Thesis in the Faculties of Architecture, Arts, Business & Economics, Education, Law and Social Sciences (University of Hong Kong), 2012-2013.published_or_final_versionGeographyMasterMaster of Philosoph