54/08/02 Sheppard Back In Jail

Dr. Sheppard loses his bid for freedom and is returned to jail. Police prepare to re-question him further, while Sheppard\u27s attorney continually tries to stop the grilling of Sheppard by police.https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/newspaper_coverage/1145/thumbnail.jp

一种A型流感病毒NP抗原快速检测试剂的建立

目的建立一种适合现场检测需要的A型流感快速诊断试剂。方法以自制的抗A型流感(FluA)病毒核蛋白(NP)单抗为原料,建立快速检测A型流感病毒的双抗体夹心酶免疫渗滤试验,并对其灵敏度和特异性进行了初步评价。结果该试剂对不同地区流行的各种亚型的A型流感病毒株均有较高的反应性,而对非FluA病毒株无交叉反应。比较该试剂与BD公司的两种流感快速诊断试剂,发现该试剂对随机选取的3株FluA病毒的检测分析灵敏度高出Directigen EZ Flu A试剂5~125倍,对2株FluA病毒的分析灵敏度高出Directigen Flu A试剂约20倍。另外,用该试剂对57份含漱液标本和170份动物拭子标本进行检测,结果显示:本试剂的灵敏度(>85%)和特异性(>95%)均优于当前主流的商品化A型流感快速诊断试剂。结论利用抗FluANP单抗为原料建立了A型流感快速诊断试剂,该试剂的应用无需任何专用仪器,操作简便快速,可满足现场检测需要

HIV-1 CAP2NC蛋白的表达及体外自组装

构建并表达HIV-1 CAP2NC蛋白,探索其体外自组装条件。通过PCR技术扩增HIV-1(NL4-3毒株)CAP2NC基因片段,并将其连接到原核表达载体pTO-T7,获得重组质粒pTO-T7-CAP2NC,然后转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株,经疏水层析纯化后获得重组蛋白CAP2NC。SDS-PAGE结果表明,重组蛋白CAP2NC可在大肠杆菌可溶高效表达,经纯化后纯度约为95%。ELISA检测表明重组蛋白CAP2NC可被HIV-1衣壳蛋白特异性单克隆抗体识别,具有较好反应活性。重组蛋白透析后在非原性SDS-PAGE中呈现为多种聚体形式。分子筛排阻层析分析CAP2NC蛋白透析后可进行组装,负染电镜进一步观察显示CAP2NC蛋白在RNA存在条件下,可形成空心管状颗粒,其形态结构与HIV-1病毒衣壳体外自组装形成的类似。上述结果表明HIV-1 CAP2NC蛋白具有体外自组装的性质,为进一步在体外研究非成熟病毒样颗粒结构奠定基础。国家自然科学基金(Nos.81671645,81371818)资助~

Fundamentals of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy for Macrohomogeneous Porous Electrodes

电化学阻抗谱可用于诊断多孔电极内电荷转移反应,即界面电荷集聚和电荷传导,以及反应物质输运。本文采用复相量方法,在同态假设条件下,重新推演多孔电极阻抗谱模型,厘清传统多孔电极阻抗谱模型中的模糊性表述。(1) 定义多孔电极表征输入参数,包括电极基体电子电导率σ1 、电解质离子电导率σ2、界面电荷传递电导率gct、单位面积界面电容C、固相扩散系数D、速度常数k、电极厚度d、特征孔深Lp 和单位体积表面积Sc;(2) 解析阻抗谱特征输出参数,包括场扩散常数K,特征频率ω0、ω1、ω2、ω3和 ωmax,它们分别相关于界面传导反应、有限场扩散、氧化还原反应、孔内扩散和最小特征孔尺寸,以及分别对应于从传导到扩散和从扩散到饱和的转折频率fk1 和fk2;(3) 当参数X和Z同时变化时(X = σ1和Z = d,Sc,Lp,C,gct,D,k),通过阻抗谱特征参数的演变规律,分析了电荷转移反应中X和Ζ参数耦合竞争;(4)为深入分析电荷转移反应中参数X和Z的耦合竞争,引入了分叉频率fXZ和fZX 。fXZ和fZX所处位置可以用于表征参数X和Z影响电荷转移反应的深度和广度。当分叉频率fXZ和fZX不存在时,表明电荷转移反应中参数X和Z在全频率范围内存在耦合竞争。总之,借助于特征频率和分叉频率,本文一方面研究了动力学参数和微观结构参数对多孔电极中电荷转移反应的影响,另一方面分析谱图的变化及其背后的阻抗谱特征演化规律。本文研究结果可为阻抗谱的系统仿真和辨识提供理论基础,可为多孔电极内电荷转移反应的竞争分析提供技术支撑,还可为电化学储能系统的优化设计提供诊断工具。Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) can be used to diagnose charge transfer reactions and mass transport in porous electrodes. The charge transfer reactions include interfacial charge accumulation and charge conduction as well as electrochemical reaction. In this paper, the complex phasor method is developed under the macrohomogeneous assumption to build an impedance model of porous electrodes for clarifying several vague expressions in the traditional approaches. The following researches are carried out: (1) Identifying characteristic parameters for the porous electrodes, including electrode electronic conductivity σ1, electrolyte ionic conductivity σ2, interface charge transfer conductivity gct, unit area interface capacitance C, solid phase diffusion coefficient D, rate constant k, electrode thickness d, characteristic hole depth Lp and unit volume surface area Sc ; (2) elucidating characteristic output parameters for the impedance spectroscopic response, including field diffusion constant K, characteristic frequencies ω0, ω1, ω2, ω3, and ωmax for interface conduction reaction, finite field diffusion, redox reaction, pore diffusion and minimum characteristic pore size, respectively. In addition, the transition frequencies fk1 and fk2 from conduction to diffusion area and from diffusion to saturation area are also defined and studied respectively; (3) defining the parameters X and Z, herein, X = σ1,Z = d、Sc, Lp , C, gct , D, k,which are responsible for the evolution trend of the characteristic parameters for impedance spectroscopic response, the competition effects of X and Z parameters coupled in charge transfer reaction are analyzed; (4) Further analyzing the competition effects of X and Z parameters coupled in the charge transfer reaction, the diverging frequencies fXZ and fXZ are phenomenologically defined. The locations of fXZ and fXZ can indicate the depth and breadth of the charge transfer reaction affected by the parameters X and Z. The non-existence of fXZ and fXZ indicates that the parameter X or Z can affect the charge transfer reaction over the whole frequency range. With the help of characteristic frequency and diverging frequency, the effects of electrode kinetic and microstructure parameters on the charge transfer reaction in porous electrodes are studied; on the other hand, the shape change and trend evolution of the impedance responses for porous electrodes are analyzed. The research results in this paper should be able to provide theoretical basis for system simulation and system identification of impedance spectroscopy, technical support for competitive analysis of charge transfer reaction in porous electrodes, and diagnostic tool for optimal design of electrochemical energy storage system.国家自然科学基金项目(22078190)通讯作者:黄秋安,王娟,张久俊E-mail:[email protected];[email protected];[email protected]:Qiu-AnHuang,JuanWang,Jiu-JunZhangE-mail:[email protected];[email protected];[email protected].西安建筑科技大学,陕西省纳米材料与技术重点实验室,陕西 西安 7100552.上海大学可持续能源研究院,上海 2004441. Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, Shaanxi,China2. Institute for Sustainable Energy, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, Chin

Prediction of Energy Resolution in the JUNO Experiment

International audienceThis paper presents the energy resolution study in the JUNO experiment, incorporating the latest knowledge acquired during the detector construction phase. The determination of neutrino mass ordering in JUNO requires an exceptional energy resolution better than 3% at 1 MeV. To achieve this ambitious goal, significant efforts have been undertaken in the design and production of the key components of the JUNO detector. Various factors affecting the detection of inverse beta decay signals have an impact on the energy resolution, extending beyond the statistical fluctuations of the detected number of photons, such as the properties of liquid scintillator, performance of photomultiplier tubes, and the energy reconstruction algorithm. To account for these effects, a full JUNO simulation and reconstruction approach is employed. This enables the modeling of all relevant effects and the evaluation of associated inputs to accurately estimate the energy resolution. The study reveals an energy resolution of 2.95% at 1 MeV. Furthermore, the study assesses the contribution of major effects to the overall energy resolution budget. This analysis serves as a reference for interpreting future measurements of energy resolution during JUNO data taking. Moreover, it provides a guideline in comprehending the energy resolution characteristics of liquid scintillator-based detectors