Advances in Cyanobacterial Phycobilisome Assembling in vitro

光合作用的第一步是高效地捕获和传递光能.藻胆体位于蓝藻和红藻细胞的类囊体膜外朝向基质一侧,结构上主要由藻胆蛋白和连接蛋白构成,且功能上以不低于98%的效率捕获和传递光能至PSⅡ.3种类型的藻胆蛋白单体的结构类似,由于含有不同数目和种类的色素分子以及藻胆蛋白结构的细微差别导致光能最大吸收波长不同.藻胆蛋白以不同寡聚形式,加上连接蛋白的作用,依靠氢键和极性相互作用,自发组装为高度有序的完整藻胆体结构.科学家尝试体外合成和组装藻胆体,但目前只达到三聚体形式,六聚体及更高级组装远未解决.本文主要从生物组合合成的角度,综述了体外从头合成和组装完整藻胆体的历程和进展,并展望了迄今完成的最高级别的重组别藻蓝..

Synthesis and Application of Monodisperse Polystyrene Microspheres based on Liquid Biochips

本论文开展了基于构建液相芯片的聚苯乙烯微球合成与应用研究。在液相芯片中，聚苯乙烯微球是一种优良的敏感元件载体。在聚苯乙烯微球表面引入羧基、氨基、羟基或者其它官能团，可用于核酸、蛋白质等生物大分子的固定化，进而应用于高通量、高特异性的生物化学分析和检测，如肿瘤标志物的筛查等。 商品化的聚苯乙烯微球及其制备方法，因其应用领域或者用途的不同而在性能指标和制备条件方面存在较大的差异。目前商品化的聚苯乙烯微球用作液相芯片敏感元件载体不够理想，如国内的产品通常存在非特异性吸附严重、活化效果不好等问题，而国外的如Luminex、BangsLaboratories、Spherotech、DukeScient...In this thesis, synthesis and application of functional monodisperse polystyrene microspheres based on liquid biochips is presented. The polystyrene microspheres are one of the excellent carriers of the liquid-chip sensing units. The introduction of carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl or other functional groups of biological, liquid components to the surface of polystyrene beads can be applied to sensor chi...学位：理学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_分析化学学号：2052006115191

Synthesis and Characterization of Micron-size Monodisperse Carboxylated Polystyrene Microspheres

文章通过分散聚合法,以苯乙烯(ST)为聚合单体,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为稳定剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIbn)为引发剂,乙醇和水作为分散介质,合成微米级聚苯乙烯微球,并以此微球为种子,利用种子修饰法进一步合成羧基聚苯乙烯微球,并对合成的羧基微球单分散性、表面形貌及表面羧基密度进行表征。结果表明,在合成的聚苯乙烯微球表面成功连接上羧基基团,微球具有较高的羧基密度,并且保持良好的单分散性,适合下一步在其表面进行化学与生物活化以制备液相芯片的敏感元件。Micron-size monodispersed polystyrene microspheres were prepared by using styrene(St),poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)(PVP),2,2'-azo-bisisobutyronitrile(AIBN),ethanol/water,as monomer,stabilizer,initiator and the media through dispersion polymerization and then modified with carboxyl group on the surface.We also characterized the surface morphology and determined the carboxyl content of the microspheres.Monodisperse Carboxylated polystyrene microspheres with the mean size of 2.2 μm diameter and the smooth surface were obtained.The prepared microspheres are of good characteristics to be applied for the sensing unit carriers of the liquid biochips.国家国家自然科学基金(20775065;20835005);教育部高校博士点基金(20070384023);国家基础科学人才培养基金(J1030415)资

全天周画像における特徴点追跡及び離散球面画像における特徴抽出

鳥取大学博士(工学)doctoral thesi

Socioeconomic Analysis of Phenomenon of Liaoning Athletes' Mobilization

[中文文摘]在问卷调查的基础上,采用理论与实证相结合的方法,从经济发展水平和体育训练体制角度探讨辽宁省运动员外流的原因。分析运动员的流动意识与途径,人才流动对运动员自身、流出地、流入地等的影响。合理的人才流动机制应是既能满足运动员“经济人”需求,同时又能实现其“社会人”的愿望。提出建立有偿转让机制、实现体育人才市场化的建议。 [英文文摘]Based on questionnaire,using the form of combination of theory with practice and from the angles of economic development level and sports training system,it probed into the causes of outflow of Liaoning athletes,and analyzed the athletes' mobile consciousness and channels,as well as the effect of talent floatation on athletes' themselves,outflow place,inflow place etc.It pointed out that the reasonable talent floating mechanism should be able to not only meet athletes' need to be "economic persons",but also bring about their desire to be“social persons”, thus putting forward the suggestions of setting up a mechanism of making2over with payment and realizing the marketablization of sports talent .国家哲学社会科学基金资助项目(03BTY007

非食品类转基因技术在缓步走向成功

非食品类转基因技术已经在很多领域得以运用，但其间仍然障碍重重，任重道远。译者单位：上海对外贸易学院商务外语学院（200336

DNA Content and Cell Cycle Changes of Male and Female Gametes of Lycium barbarum L.

通讯作者(E-mail: [email protected]; Tel: 0592-2186486)[中文文摘]枸杞是二胞花粉植物。花粉在柱头上萌发后生殖细胞在花粉管中分裂形成精细胞。在花粉管中,精细胞开始合成DNA,随着花粉管生长,精细胞DNA含量持续增加。当花粉管在退化助细胞中破裂,释放出的2个精细胞DNA含量达到1.92倍(1.92C)。在开花当天,卵细胞已合成了约1/3DNA,并持续增加。开花后30h,卵细胞中的DNA含量达到1.63C。在受精前,卵细胞中的DNA含量达到1.83C。精、卵细胞融合后,合子DNA含量为3.53C。去雄排除花粉管影响后,已合成1/5DNA的过熟卵细胞停止合成,表明卵细胞持续合成DNA需要花粉管的刺激。枸杞雌、雄配子在融合前合成DNA,在细胞周期的G2期发生融合,属于G2类型。[英文文摘]The pollen of Lycium barbarum is bicellular and the generative cell divides to form two sperms in pollen tube after a pollen grain lands on a stigma and germinates a pollen tube.In pollen tubes,two sperms begin to synthesize DNA,and the content of DNA continues to increase.After pollen tubes reach degenerative synergid and break,the DNA content in two released sperms reaches 1.92 DNA(1.92C).On the day of anthesis,eggs have synthesized 1/3 DNA.At 30 h after anthesis,the DNA content in eggs reaches 1.63C.Before fertilization,eggs contain 1.83C. After fertilization, zygotes contain 3.53C. In emasculated fl owers, the eggs also synthesize 1/5 DNA, however, the synthesis stops without the stimulation of pollen tube. Before the fusion of male and female gametes of L. barbarum, both synthesize DNA and pass S phase of cell cycle, and fuse in G2 phase of cell cycle. Therefore, the fertilization of L. barbarum belongs to G2 type.国家自然科学基金(30670126和31170289);; 公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(200903016

ニホン ブンカ リカイ ノタメノ キョウザイ コウセイ ノ リロン ト シアン : シャカイテキ ブンミャク ヲ トモナウ タイワ バメン ヲ チュウシン ニ

われわれはこれまで、とくに海外の日本語学習者にむけた、日本文化を理解するための教材開発を指向して、「日本語の習得と文化理解」について研究してきた。本研究はその一貫として、理論モデルから教材構成の試論を展開するものである。まず、文化特殊語彙の知識をもとに、日本文化における社会的文脈の理解を導き、さらに個人の価値観との葛藤の調整を含む社会的次元の判断を指向した。こうした語義的理解、文脈的理解、社会的理解のレベルへと順次導くことを、文化理解の階層性モデルと称した。そして異文化理解における葛藤をマトリクスモデルに集約し、文化理解はそこでの意思的選択を可能にするものと位 置づけた。 次に留学生用に開発された、文化的な文脈性を持った15場面からなる文化場面 理解尺度を日本人学生に適用して、基準サンプルとした。その回答を留学生サンプルと比較し、両群における回答の頻度、属性による影響、内在要因の把握から、場面 を教材化する手がかりを得た。尺度項目から3場面を選び、そのダイアログと反応パタンを素材にして、討論を基本とした文化理解教材の試案を構成した。学習者は、自分の意見をサンプル集団の反応と比較して、位 置づけを知ることができ、指導者は場面に含まれるポイントを説明しながら、順次理解レベルを上げて文化理解を導く。 最後に文化理解を試みる接近領域を整理し、日本語教育の関わりと位置づけを論じた。We have conducted a series of studies concerning Japanese language acquisition and cultural understanding, with the objective of using our research results to create teaching materials to further Japanese cultural understanding among students studying Japanese, especially those studying in foreign countries. In this paper, our theoretical framework is applied to the preparation of teaching material. First, culture specific vocabulary is learned. Next, social context in the culture is understood. Third, social dimensions, including adjusting the conflict between personal and social values, are considered. This framework is based on our hierarchy model of cultural understanding: that 1) vocabulary level, 2) context level, and 3) social level of understanding should be learned in this order. Students can understand the culture and make their own decisions about cultural conflict, as is shown in our matrix model, with culture awareness. The Japanese cultural context dialogue test, which was developed for international students in our previous study, was given to Japanese college students and functioned as a control sample in this study. We then compared the test results of the Japanese students to those of the the international students and analyzed the frequency of each response, the effects of demographic variables, and the classification of dialogue. Next, a few dialogues were selected in order to construct sample teaching materials; each consisted of l) personal responses to the dialogue, 2) the teacher\u27s explanation about the context of the dialogue, 3) an introduction of the Japanese and international students\u27 responses to the same dialogue, and 4) group discussion of their own responses, as well as the sample responses presented. Last, the relationship among the inter-diciplinary fields which are important in cross-cultural understanding and the expected role for Japanese language education are discussed

Methods on Investigating Properties of Electrode/Electrolyte Interfaces in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Corresponding author e-mail:zhuangquanchao@ 126.com[中文文摘]电极界面特性是影响锂离子电池充放电循环容量与稳定性的重要因素。本文总结了目前对电极界面特性进行研究的方法,主要包括传统的电化学方法、显微方法、谱学方法、电化学石英微晶天平等,重点论述了上述研究方法的原理、优缺点和在研究电极界面特性中的应用,以及这些方法相结合所取得的一些研究进展,并指出在今后的工作中,无论是对新材料的研究还是传统材料的研究,这些方法都仍将发挥重要作用。[英文文摘]The rechargeable lithium-ion battery has been extensively used in mobile communication and portable instruments due to its many advantages,such as high volumetric and gravimetric energy density and low self-discharge rate.In addition,it is the most promising candidate as the power source for(hybrid) electric vehicles and stationary energy storage.The properties of electrode /electrolyte interfaces play an important role in the electrochemical performance of the electrode material and a battery,such as the capacities，irreversible charge “loss”，rate capability and cyclability. In present paper，the methods to investigate the properties of electrode/electrolyte interfaces，for example， traditional electrochemical methods， microscopy methods， spectroscopic methods，electrochemical quartz crystal microgravimetry (EQCM) are summarized. The principles，advantages and disadvantages of these methods and their applications in investigating the properties of electrode/electrolyte interfaces，especially the progress in the combination of these methods to investigate the properties of electrode/electrolyte interfaces，are introduced in detail，and these methods will be considerable to study the new materials or the traditional materials for lithium-ion batteries in the future.中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(No.2010LKHX03,2010QNB04,2010QNB05);中国矿业大学科技攀登计划(No.ON090237),中国矿业大学青年科技基金项目(No.ON080282)资