裸根及黑暗模擬貯運對文心蘭生理及形態之影響

The studies were to seek that effect of bare root and dark Simulated transport on physiology and morphology of Colmanara Wildcat. The results showed that ethylene production of Colmanara Wildcat with bare root substantially increase in seventh day in simulated dark transport than that of the control. After simulated dark transport for 5, 7, 10 days that caused the root activity descended, and along with the days after dark treatment, the activity of roots more low. The roots lost activity and dry resulted in loss water, which led Colmanara Wildcat root activity to decrease into 1.01 O.D./g and 0.92 O.D./g and 0.89 O.D./g from original 1.56 O.D./g. The total soulable sugar content of pseudobulb was increase following days past, and the starch content of preudobulb was increase in fifth day then decline in seventh day during dark treatment. 1-aminocyclopropane-1carboxylic acid (ACC) was high in seventh day than that of the control, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO) activity was high, too. The results indicate that dark stress and loss water stress had large effect on bare rooted Colmanara Wildcat with quality or senescence of many examined.本試驗主要探討文心蘭野貓品種Colmanara Wildcat 裸根黑暗模擬貯運不同天數後對生理及形態之影響。文心蘭野貓Colmanara Wildcat經裸根模擬貯運0、5、7及10天，結果顯示，於第7天時乙烯生成量相較於對照組高出甚多，植株根部會因失水導致活力的喪失及乾癟，且根部活力隨天數的增加而下降，經模擬貯運5、7及10天之文心蘭根部活性會由原本的1.56 O.D./g分別降低為1.01 O.D./g、0.92 O.D./g及0.89 O.D./g。模擬貯運過程中假球莖全可溶性糖含量會依天數增加而增加，於第10天時為44.93%DW。而假球莖中澱粉含量則依天數增加而減少。分析ACC生成及ACO活性在模擬貯運第7天時皆高於對照組。試驗中之結果顯示黑暗模擬貯運及缺水逆境會對文心蘭裸根植株的品質及老化上造成莫大的影響。本試驗主要探討文心蘭野貓品種Colmanara Wildcat 裸根黑暗模擬貯運不同天數後對生理及形態之影響。文心蘭野貓Colmanara Wildcat經裸根模擬貯運0、5、7及10天，結果顯示，於第7天時乙烯生成量相較於對照組高出甚多，植株根部會因失水導致活力的喪失及乾癟，且根部活力隨天數的增加而下降，經模擬貯運5、7及10天之文心蘭根部活性會由原本的1.56 O.D./g分別降低為1.01 O.D./g、0.92 O.D./g及0.89 O.D./g。模擬貯運過程中假球莖全可溶性糖含量會依天數增加而增加，於第10天時為44.93%DW。而假球莖中澱粉含量則依天數增加而減少。分析ACC生成及ACO活性在模擬貯運第7天時皆高於對照組。試驗中之結果顯示黑暗模擬貯運及缺水逆境會對文心蘭裸根植株的品質及老化上造成莫大的影響

Effect of temperature or chemical pretreatment on physiology and morphology of simulated transport of Colmanara Wildcat

本實驗主要探討文心蘭野貓品種 Colmanara Wildcat裸根經不同天數及不同溫度模擬黑暗貯運後對其外觀與生理所造成之影響。並嘗試以1-MCP、ATA及ZnSO4做為前處理，以求改善文心蘭Colmanara Wildcat經黑暗模擬貯運處理後外觀及生理活性上之劣變。 裸根和高溫會促使植株乙烯生成量及呼吸率快速提升。文心蘭野貓品種Colmanara Wildcat裸根後於模擬黑暗貯運第七天時其乙烯生成量會明顯比對照組高出甚多。模擬黑暗貯運5、7及10天會導致根部活力隨著天數的增加而下降，且根部會因失水而導致活力的喪失及乾癟，黑暗貯藏處理的文心蘭植株經5、7、10天之根部活性會由原本的1.56 O.D/g分別降低為1.01 O.D/g、0.92 O.D/g、0.89 O.D/g。此外，貯運中之高溫會導致文心蘭野貓品種外觀品質劣變，在黑暗模擬貯運時，於較高溫下由莖頂數來第三片葉(L3)的葉綠素含量遞減較在低溫下更為顯著。在模擬貯運過程中假球莖全可溶性糖的含量會隨著天數遞增而增加。而在黑暗處理期間假球莖澱粉含量在第五天會增加並在第七天時遞減。而ACC生成及ACO活性在模擬貯運期間於第七天時皆會比對照組高。經由試驗後種種的結果指出不適的溫度、黑暗及失水逆境皆會對文心蘭裸根植株的品質及老化上造成莫大的影響。 文心蘭野貓品種裸根植株以不同濃度1-MCP前處理， 1-MCP處理可以抑制內生乙烯的生成。以1-MCP做前處理之植株其乙烯生成量明顯低於未處理1-MCP之對照組。而對於植株根部活力、總葉綠素含量上相較於未處理1-MCP者皆有較高的作用。不同濃度之1-MCP處理皆可以阻止裸根文心蘭植株乙烯之生成。但以1000 ppb 1-MCP濃度燻蒸處理4小時者有最佳的效果。在模擬貯運之前以1-MCP燻蒸處理文心蘭確實可以有效地改善其品質。而在模擬貯運前以不同濃度ATA及ZnSO4兩種藥劑處理文心蘭植株後，2種藥劑的試驗結果與1-MCP相較，1-MCP處理有較佳的效果。The effects of transportation stress on the appearance and physiology of Colmanara Wildcat with bare root were studied. The plants to undergo simulated dark transport to treat in different days and different temperature. For improving the appearance and the activity of the physiology of Colmanara Wildcat from dark treatment. 1-methycyclopropene(1-MCP) 、Aminotriazole (ATA) and ZnSO4 treatment were used before dark simulated transport. Bare root and high temperature would make the plant ethylene production and respiration rate increased quickly. Ethylene production of Colmanara Wildcat with bare root substantially increased in seventh day in simulated dark transport than that of the control. After simulated dark transport for 5, 7, 10 days that caused the root activity descended, and along with the days after dark treatment, the activity of roots more low. The roots lost activity and shrinkage resulted from loss water, which led Colmanara Wildcat root activity to decrease into 1.01 O.D/g and 0.92 O.D/g and 0.89 O.D/g from original 1.56 O.D/g. Moreover, high temperature treatment in transport caused the appearance quality of Colmanara Wildcat presented gradual decay. The total chlorophyll of the third leaf counted from top of stem decreased more obviously at higher temperature than at lower temperature under simulated dark transport. The total soulable sugar content of pseudobulb increased following days past, and the starch content of pseudobulb increased in fifth day, and then the starch content of pseudobulb decline in seventh day during dark treatment. 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid(ACC) was high in senenth day than that of the control, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase(ACO) activity was high, too. The results indicate that inadequate temperature, dark stress and loss water stress had large effect on Colmanara Wildcat with bare root quality or senescence of many examined. The treatment on bare root Colmanara Wildcat by different concentration of 1-methycyclopropene(1-MCP) showed that 1-MCP treatment could to inhibit endogenous ethylene production. The ethylene production of the plant that pretreatment with 1-MCP was obiously low than untreatment plant. The root activity , content of total chlorophyll of the plant that pretreatment with 1-MCP has fancy vaule than untreatment plant. Different concentration of 1-MCP has been shown to prevent the response of Colmanara Wildcat with bare root to ethylene. The treatment of 1-MCP concentration 1000 ppb for 4 hours got optimum effect. Pretreatment with 1-MCP before transport simulation improved quality of Colmanara Wildcat with bare root. The changes of physiological properties of Colmanara Wildcat which treated with different concentration of ATA and ZnSO4 before simulated dark transport. The results compared with 1-MCP pretreatment, 1-MCP pretreatment has more better effect than two chemicals of exmained.壹、前言(Introduction)...........................1 貳、前人研究 (Literature review).................1 一、文心蘭植株特性...............................1 二、貯運逆境對植物品質之影響.....................1 (一)缺水逆境.....................................2 (二)黑暗逆境.....................................3 (三)貯運時間及溫度對植物品質之影響...............4 三、乙烯對植體老化的影響.........................5 (一)乙烯的生合成途徑.............................5 (二)乙烯的作用機制...............................6 四、藥劑前處理對植株活力的影響...................7 (一)1-甲基環丙烯(1-methycyclopropene,1-MCP)......7 (二)胺基三唑(Aminotriazole，ATA).................9 (三)鋅(Zinc).....................................9 參、材料與方法 (Material and methods) ..........12 一、植株材料....................................12 二、試驗方法....................................12 (一)文心蘭經不同天數模擬貯運對植株之影響........12 (二)模擬貯運不同溫度對文心蘭植株之影響..........12 (三)藥劑處理對模擬貯運植株之影響................12 三、試驗分析....................................13 (一)裸根及模擬貯運處理對文心蘭Colmanara Wildcat外觀之影響..13 (二)葉綠素含量之分析............................13 (三)根部活性之測定..............................14 (四)碳水化合物之分析............................14 (五) 葉片及根部ACC含量之分析....................15 (六) 葉片及根部ACO活性之分析..............................................15 (七)根尖外觀之掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察..............15 (八)組織切片觀察................................15 (九)呼吸率及乙烯含量之測定......................17 四、 統計分析...................................18 肆、結果 (Results) .............................19 一、文心蘭裸根後經模擬貯運不同天數處理對植株之影響..19 二、文心蘭裸根後經模擬貯運不同溫度處理對植株之影響..21 三、藥劑前處理對植株活力的影響......................23 伍、討論 (Discussion) ..............................68 一、裸根及黑暗貯運逆境對文心蘭生育之影響............68 二、藥劑前處理對植株活力的影響......................72 (一) 1-MCP前處理對文心蘭外觀及生理之影響............72 (二)浸藥處理對文心蘭外觀及生理之影響................73 陸、參考文獻 (Reference) ...........................7