The Secretion and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry of Exopolysaccharides from Thalassiosira pseudonana under Different Environmental Factors

海洋浮游硅藻是海洋生态系统中最主要的初级生产者，是全球碳固定主要的贡献者之一。海洋硅藻胞外多糖是由海洋硅藻在其生长过程中产生和分泌的一类复杂的粘性物质。近年来人们发现某些海洋硅藻的胞外多糖产物的化学结构和组成特殊，具有重要的生物活性，在药物和保健品开发利用方面具有很大的潜在应用前景。因此，海洋硅藻胞外多糖的研究引起了海洋学家的高度重视，成为目前海洋科学研究的热点之一。 本论文选用海洋硅藻中心纲海链藻属的假微型海链藻（ThalassiosirapseudonanaHasleetHeimdal）CCMP1335为研究对象，初步建立MALDI-TOF质谱分析假微型海链藻胞外多糖的方法，对比了不同提...Marine planktonic diatoms are the most important primary producers in marine ecosystems, they are the predominant contributors to global carbon fixation. Exopolysaccharide of marine diatoms is a class of complex viscous material which is secreted by diatoms in the growth medium. Recently, identification and structural characterization of extracellular polysaccharides produced by some marine diatom...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院生物学系_生物化学与分子生物学学号：2162007115186

工程教育改革背景下传统工科专业的挑战与应对——基于十校“电气工程及其自动化”培养方案的实证调查

面对科技革命和产业变革引发的新一轮工程教育改革,本研究结合STEM教育内涵和\"新工科\"的建设要求,提出新一轮工程教育改革的新标准。根据这些标准,以\"电气工程及其自动化\"专业人才培养方案为研究对象,探讨传统工科专业的改造升级问题,重点考察\"实践能力、创新创业能力和跨界整合能力\"在人才培养目标以及课程体系中的贯彻情况。研究发现,人才培养目标缺乏工程核心素养,课程体系对人才培养目标的支撑度不够;实践能力的培养缺乏系统性;创新创业能力发展缺乏保障;跨界整合能力培养缺乏课程支撑。我们建议:对标\"新工科\"的新要求科学制定人才培养目标,强化课程对培养目标的支撑度;全方位、系统化构建实践教学体系,提高学生的综合实践能力;建立\"创意—创新—创业\"相融合的教育体系,增强学生的创新创业能力;以\"解决复杂工程问题\"为导向整合不同专业课程,培养学生的跨界整合能力。国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“基于STEM教育理念的高水平行业特色型高校工程人才培养改革与政策研究”(71704054

某城市大气环境污染成因分析及污染防治对策

环境空气质量改善是目前各大城市环境保护工作的首要任务。论文对某城市大气污染进行成因分析，并提出相对应的污染防治对策，为相同类型城市的环保工作提供参考。</jats:p

Kandinsky’s Composition and Zheng Xie’s Bamboo

In the treatise On the Spiritual in Art, Wassily Kandinsky divided the creation of art into three categories, the ultimate one of which is called Composition. In this article, I argue that Kandinsky’s classification is similar and comparable to the principle of semi-abstract Chinese freehand brushwork summarized by Zheng Xie in the Inscriptions on Painting - Bamboo. In an attempt to clarify the core of Kandinsky’s strategy of abstraction, i.e. the transformation from painting to writing, I then connect it with the evolution of Chinese characters and the aesthetic theory of Chinese calligraphy, which is also in accord with Kandinsky’s idea of internal necessity and the spirit in art. Through this aesthetic dialogue across time and space, this article aims to bring a new dimension to the understanding of Western abstractionism from the perspective of the oriental philosophy of art

The social mechanisms of depression among junior high school girls with romantic involvement

本研究主要探究青少女談戀愛和憂鬱之間關係的社會機制。筆者以補償理論觀點和角色重組理論觀點分別解釋談戀愛前/後的親子關係，以困惑的自我形象解釋談戀愛後的自尊。研究採用前三波的「台灣青少年成長歷程」追蹤性調查資料的國一女性為實際分析樣本，剔除遺漏值後，實際分析樣本剩下979筆。為了驗證本文的假設，本研究以最小平方迴歸分析（Ordinary Least Square, OLS）和邏輯斯迴歸分析（Logistic Regression Analysis）建立路徑分析，也以多種方式檢驗中間作用。本研究發現：1.在控制社會人口變項、第一波憂鬱症狀等變項之下，在第二波談戀愛的青少年女性在第三波的憂鬱症狀較多；2.在控制社會人口變項、第一波憂鬱症狀、第一波親子衝突之下，第三波親子衝突解釋了第二波談戀愛和第三波憂鬱之間關係的14% （p<1.0，Biased-corrected 90% CI：.0002到.0406）；3. 在控制社會人口變項、第一波憂鬱症狀、第一波知覺家庭支持之下，第二波知覺家庭支持解釋了第二波談戀愛和第三波憂鬱症狀之間關係的8%（p<.05，Biased-corrected 95% CI：.0010到.0240）；4. 在控制社會人口變項和第一波自尊之下，青少年女性在第二波談戀愛無法預測第三波的自尊，然而第三波自尊能夠預測第三波的憂鬱症狀。This study explored the social mechanisms of depression among junior high school girls with romantic involvement. In order to understand the mediating mechanisms between romantic involvement and depression among adolescent girls, I applied both the perspectives of role restructuring and a compensation model to interpret the relationships between adolescent romantic involvement and parental relationships. In addition, I also applied the perspective of disturbance of the self-image to interpret the relationship between adolescent romantic involvement and self-esteem. I used the first three waves of longitudinal data from the Taiwan Youth Project. To test the hypotheses, I adopted OLS regression models and logistic regression models to build path analyses, and I also applied multiple approaches to test the mediation effects. The analytic sample included 979 adolescent girls in the seventh grade who were interviewed in the first three waves. The results showed that, when demographic variables, depression symptoms in Wave 1, and other factors were controlled for, romantic involvement among adolescent girls in Wave 2 was associated with more depression symptoms in Wave 3. Results from both the Sobel test and the bootstrapping method indicated that, when demographic variables, depression symptoms, and parent-adolescent conflict in Wave 1 were controlled for, the effect of romantic involvement among adolescent girls in Wave 2 on depression symptoms in Wave 3 through parent-adolescent conflict in Wave 3 was significant (Indirect effect =.14, Biased-corrected 90% CI [.0002, .0406]). Also, when demographic variables, depression symptoms, and perceived family support in Wave 1 were controlled for, the effect of romantic involvement among adolescent girls in Wave 2 on depression symptoms in Wave 3 through perceived family support in Wave 2 was significant (Indirect effect =.08, Biased-corrected 95% CI [.0010, .0240]). When demographic variables and self-esteem in Wave 1 were controlled for, romantic involvement among adolescent girls in Wave 2 did not predict self-esteem in Wave 3, but self-esteem in Wave 3 was associated with depression symptoms in Wave 3

基于视觉显著性的车载单目相机自运动估计及前车尺度估计方法

提出一种基于视觉显著性的车载单目相机自运动估计及前车尺度估计方法。首先，针对车载相机自运动估计，通过视觉显著性计算方法检测并去除含有噪声的单目图像序列中的运动目标，同时考虑图像的纹理区域和平滑区域，利用加权显著图保留有用特征点，进而对车载相机进行鲁棒的自运动估计。其次，将前车距离转化为前车尺度估计问题，通过描述子匹配与李代数中正则化的强度匹配相结合的方法最小化损失函数，通过设计视觉注意力机制选择有纹理无遮挡的图像块，并对选定的图像块中的像素赋权以减轻被噪声破坏像素的影响，从而实现鲁棒、准确的尺度估计。最后，利用多个具有挑战性的数据集对所提方法进行分析验证。结果表明，单目相机自运动估计方法达到了基于立体相机方法的水平，前车尺度估计方法在充分发挥强鲁棒性优势的同时保证了预测精度

鳜鱼病毒病原及细胞感染特性的研究

在患暴发流行性发病鳜鱼的脾、肾、肝、鳃组织细胞的超薄切片中观察到直径为 12 0 150nm的二十面体病毒粒子 ,其截面呈六角形 ,有囊膜。将病鱼内脏与 10倍体积的PBS缓冲液制成组织匀浆液 ,过滤除菌后感染对数生长期的草鱼肾细胞。结果表明 ,该感染液在 2 8℃条件下 ,培养 36 4 8h ,生长旺盛的草鱼肾细胞开始出现CPE ,5 7d感染的单层细胞逐渐脱落死亡。该细胞病毒悬液具有感染性 ,可持续稳定地进行传代培养。感染细胞的病毒培养液 ,经差异离心纯化 ,负染制片 ,电镜下观察到大量的病毒粒