Adopting Web Feed and Agent Technologies for Supporting Asynchronous Web Interactions and Constructing E-Commerce Applications

隨著電子商務的發展以及網路經濟的起飛，越來越多的使用者除了使用網際網路(Internet)取得 所需的資訊外，亦開始透過各式手持裝置進行多樣化的網路交易(如：Amazon/Yahoo!/淘寶網線上 購物、Apple iTunes/App Store 線上數位內容…等等)而獲取各形式之資訊、產品及服務。在使用者進 行網路交易的過程中，若電子商務的服務因為伺服器軟硬體故障或網路連線問題而導致服務中斷， 原可取得的訂單將隨之消失，亦無法取得消費者的信任。本研究以網路供餵技術為基礎，搭配代理 人的使用設計出一套能夠應用在可攜式裝置上，並具有使用簡單、高度可用性、輕量化，可用以支 援非同步式網路互動之電子商務容錯服務架構。採用此架構可以改善企業服務並提高電子商務網站 的彈性及可用性，讓企業把握住每一個可能的交易機會。With the continuous development of e-commerce and Internet economy, more and more people not only obtain necessary information through the Internet but also adopt various portable devices to conduct online transactions (such as Amazon/Yahoo!/Alibaba online shopping, Apple iTunes App Store, etc.) to acquire various information, products, and services. However, if the service is interrupted due to any server or network connectivity or availability problems while performing online transaction tasks, an e-commerce website might lose business opportunities and even their customers’ trust. The main purpose of this study is to utilize the Web Feed technology together with agent technology to design a simple, highly available, and light weight e-commerce fault tolerant service architecture applicable in a multimodal pervasive environment for supporting asynchronous Web interactions. This framework may be utilized to enhance enterprise services and improve the flexibility and availability of e-commerce websites, thus retaining more business opportunities

[[alternative]]A visible light based emergency data communication system for smart factory

碩士[[abstract]]工業4.0又被稱為第四次工業革命，是現在工業製造業科技中自動化與數據使用的趨勢，其包含了網宇實體系統(cyber-physical systems )、物聯網(Internet of Things) 與雲端計算，工業4.0創造了所謂的智慧工廠，將所有工業相關的技術、銷售與產品體業統合起來，透過智慧整合感控系統，建立有一個有感知意識的新型智能工業世界，並做出去中央化的政策。透過物聯網的控制，智慧工廠能自行管理生產鏈、物流與程序，互相整合的系統在機器、資產、程序與物品之間建立起互動的橋樑，智能型機器與裝置可以利用校正程序避免資料之外的失誤。 這些特點使的無線網路在工業上的應用產生新形態的改變，並希望可以在工業通訊的建置與系統維護上的幫助，然而，工業通訊中所要求的即時性主要的含意上是要對工廠控制機器中需要較快速並且精準的遞送控制資料，即時性就會被在適用於工業網路上，但相對而言，無線通訊系統有眾所周知的傳遞問題，如訊號衰落、多徑傳播、訊號被遮蔽和干擾的問題，而這些都會影響工業網路通訊中所要求的即時性。 為了能夠有效的達到工業網路通訊中所要求的即時性，因此，我們設計一套系統，透過可見光的通訊協定送出資料，在一定的空間下，在接收資料過程中，感應器能夠即時接收並處理資料，達到資料傳輸的目的。[[abstract]]Industrial 4.0 also referred to as the fourth industrial revolution and is now industrial manufacturing technology, automation and data usage trends that contains the Web Woo physical system) (cyber-physical systems and the internet of things and internet of things) cloud computing, industrial 4.0 has created the so-called smart factory, all industrial technical, sales, and product and industry integration, through the intelligent integration of the system to create a new awareness-aware Intelligent industrial world and make out centralized policy. The through the Internet Control, Smart factory can manage their own production chains, logistics and procedures and integrated system on the machine, assets, procedures and supplies for the establishment of interaction between the bridges, intelligent machine and device can use the calibration procedure to avoid data errors. These features make the wireless network in the industrial applications generate new patterns and hope in industrial communication can build and help on the system maintenance, however, the communication industry in the immediacy of the major implication is to control the machine factory requires a fast and accurate routing control data and immediacy is for industrial network, but relatively speaking, wireless communications systems are well known delivery issues, such as signal decay, multi-path propagation, signal obscured and interference issues that will affect the industrial network communications. instantaneous. In order to be able to effectively reach the industrial network communications requested in real time and therefore, we design a system through the visible light Protocol submit information in a certain spatial information received in the process, the sensor is able to receive and process information in real time to achieve the purpose of the data transfer.[[tableofcontents]]目錄 第一章、 緒論…………………………………………………………1 1-1 研究背景與動機……………………………………………1 1-2 研究目的……………………………………………………4 1-3 論文的組織與架構…………………………………………5 第二章、 文獻探討……………………………………………………6 2-1 智慧工廠……………………………………………………6 2-2 IEEE802.15.7………………………………………………8 第三章、 系統架構……………………………………………………14 3-1 應用層………………………………………………………15 3-2 資料處理與辨識……………………………………………15 3-3 智慧物件……………………………………………………15 3-4 無線通道傳輸模型…………………………………………17 第四章、 實驗…………………………………………………………18 4-1 系統實作…………………………………………………… 18 4-1-1 Arduino……………………………………………………18 4-1-2 LED…………………………………………………………19 4-1-3光敏電阻……………………………………………………20 4-2光敏電阻的特性………………………………………………22 4-2-1 照度特性………………………………………………… 22 4-2-2 通訊調變原理…………………………………………… 24 4-2-3 ADC…………………………………………………………27 4-2-4 PWM…………………………………………………………28 第五章、 實驗結果……………………………………………………33 第六章、 結論…………………………………………………………39 第七章、 未來展望……………………………………………………40 參考文獻………………………………………………………………41 附錄-英文論文……….………………………………………………43 圖目錄 圖一、工業4.0發展圖…………………………………………………1 圖二、IEEE 802.15.7拓樸範例………………………………………9 圖三 、「可見光緊急傳輸系統」之系統架構圖………………………14 圖四、Arduino微電腦控制板…………………………………………18 圖五、LED市場趨勢調查………………………………………………20 圖六、光敏電阻器的外型結構與原理圖、符號………………………20 圖七、光敏電阻、不同感光材料的光譜………………………………21 圖八、光敏電阻值與照度曲線…………………………………………22 圖九、LED在不同頻率中對光敏電阻的影響…………………………23 圖十、類比調變技術訊號圖……………………………………………25 圖十一、Arduino傳送端模組…………………………………………30 圖十二、Arduino接收端模組…………………………………………32 圖十三、白天RSS實驗曲線圖…………………………………………34 圖十四、夜晚RSS實驗曲線圖…………………………………………34 圖十五、白天BER實驗曲線圖…………………………………………35 圖十六、晚上BER實驗曲線圖…………………………………………36 圖十七、白天PER實驗曲線圖…………………………………………37 圖十八、晚上PER實驗曲線圖…………………………………………37 表目錄 表一、第一種(PHY1)通訊方式適用通訊速率和調變方法……………10 表二、第二種(PHYⅡ)通訊方式適用通訊速率和調變方法………… 11 表三、第三種(PHY-Ⅲ)通訊方式適用通訊速率和調變方法…………12[[note]]學號: 603420240, 學年度: 10

Enhancing E-commerce Functionalities and Enterprise Services Through Asynchronous Web Interaction

電子商務在台灣之產值已達到每年新台幣兩千兩百多億餘元，可以說它為傳統的銷售通路及購物型態帶來相當大的衝擊與變革，並已成為現代人日常生活中不可或缺的一項重要商業活動。隨著行動運算裝置的計算、儲存、傳輸能力的提升，使用智慧型手機等可攜裝置進行電子商務的消費者也日益增加，並且行動運算裝置亦具有扮演伺服器角色的能力。越來越多的企業在網際網路上建置平台以提供服務給顧客或潛在的消費者，其方法主要不外乎自行建置與委外開發，或是向Yahoo!與eBay等企業以類似租用的方式取得相關的服務支援。但使用外部的資源進行電子商務的服務無法配合企業本身的特性進行調整，缺乏彈性。本研究主要著重於，如何利用格網運算(Grid Computing)的概念與網路摘要(Web-Feed)，為自行建置線上服務平台之中小企業提供一個低成本卻具有高度可用性的容錯服務架構，並利用部分實做的非對稱傳輸機制來表現該架構如何完成各項資料管理的傳輸服務。並且減輕可攜式裝置運算及電力消耗上的負擔。把握住每一個可能的商機而不因為伺服器的故障或意外中斷的連線致使該企業喪失商機，以期提高顧客滿意度與企業之收益。The output value of e-commerce in Taiwan is reach two hundred and twenty billion NT dollars. Traditional sale channel and transaction style face a big change because of e-commerce. It becomes an important activity in our life. Mobile devices' computing, storage, transmission capabilities are increasing in recent years, more and more user use mobile devices to do e-commerce, and mobile device even can be a server. They are two ways for enterprises to build their online services platform. The first one is build one by themselves (including outsourcing), and the other one is using the e-commerce platform already built by the famous website such as Yahoo! or eBay. But their platform can't be adjusted to fit the enterprise's need. The main idea for this research is concerning how to integrate Grid Computing concept and Web-Feed based architecture, and build a fault tolerant service framework which is highly available and low cost for the enterprises which builds the e-commerce platform by themselves. We will do the part of the system to show how asynchronous web interaction method reduces the loading and save the power on server side. Keeping all transaction and/or order related data during the server's down time may eventually increasing customer's satisfaction and business revenue.CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Environment of E-commerce 1 1.2 The Problem That E-commerce Faced 4 1.3 The Motivation of This Study 5 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 7 2.1 Electronic commerce (E-commerce) 7 2.2 Web 2.0 9 2.2.1 The Concept of Web 2.0 9 2.2.2 Web-Feed 10 2.3 Mobile Devices and Grid Computing 12 2.4 Service Quality 13 2.5 Web Interaction 15 2.5.1 Synchronous Web Interaction 15 2.5.2 Asynchronous Web Interaction 16 CHAPTER 3 FAULT TOLERANT SERVICE BASED ON ASYNCHRONOUS WEB INTERACTION 17 3.1 Concept of the Framework 17 3.2 Components of the Framework 19 3.2.1 The Primary Server 22 3.2.2 An Agent Program for the Primary Server Side 22 3.2.3 The Secondary Server 23 3.2.4 The User Client 23 3.2.5 An Agent Program for the User Client Side 24 3.3 Features of the Framework 24 CHAPTER 4 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AWI BASED FAULT TOLERANT SERVICE 26 4.1 System Requirements 26 4.2 Use Case 27 4.3 System Process 29 4.4 Implementation Example 30 4.5 Security Issues 32 4.6 Other Asynchronous Web Interaction Methods 35 CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 38 5.1 Discussion 38 5.2 Conclusion 40 REFERENCES 4

Physiological Effects of Leaf Color and Artificial Shading on Leaf Gas Exchange and Growth in Rabbiteye Blueberry (Vaccinium ashei)

國內新鮮藍莓的進口量持續增加，又面對農業人口老化，栽培管理輕簡且單價高的藍莓在臺灣具有發展潛力。於臺北平地栽培之兔眼藍莓(Vaccinium ashei Reade)開花結實良好，但夏季午間嫩稍常現暫時性萎凋，因此夏季高溫高光之逆境可能不利植株生長。本論文首先探討葉片色澤是否可作為兔眼藍莓耐熱性之指標；另進行人為遮陰試驗，預期在滿足光合作用光飽合點下，避免植株負荷過量之太陽能，能增進其光合作用能力及營養生長。 試驗一自兔眼藍莓‘Blueshower’開放授粉的後代中，選取葉片色澤亮度不同之植株，測量其葉片溫度(TL)及氣體交換。葉面色澤較深之植株，葉溫與氣溫差值(∆T)在正午前較葉色淺者高，午後則趨於相近。在不同基因型植株間，葉面亮度與葉片氣孔導度(gs)或淨光合作用速率(An)無關，各植株皆於葉溫約35°C測得最高An值。葉面色澤較深之植株，正午之蒸散速率(E)較高，以至於水分利用效率(WUE)較低。 試驗二於夏季高溫期間以輕度(20%)或中度(35%)遮光率之白色針織網，對三年生之盆植兔眼藍莓進行遮陰處理，並以未遮陰者為對照，測量葉片之氣體交換、葉綠素含量、葉綠素螢光，並調查植株營養生長量及隔年果實產量。高溫晴朗的天候下，樹冠外層成熟葉片之PSⅡ最大光能轉換效率(Fv/Fm)及PSII實際光能轉換效率(ΦPSII)下降，遮陰下兔眼藍莓‘Blueshower’正午之Fv/Fm及ΦPSII較高，但未遮陰者亦僅輕微下降，顯示葉片生理活性在高溫高光下未受嚴重光抑制。35%遮陰下‘Tifblue’之葉片溫度(TL)及葉片與大氣蒸氣壓差(VPDL-air)降低，gs及An較未遮陰者高約30%，但E則未受顯著影響，因而WUE較高。遮陰對兔眼藍莓植株生理的正面影響，僅在氣溫高於35.5°C且光照充足下較顯著，以至於在臺北夏季雖高溫但頻繁多雲的天候下，遮陰的效益不足以改變兔眼藍莓植株生長量及隔年果實產量。The rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei.) is a promising new fruit crop in Taiwan’s subtropical lowland. However, mid-day temporarily wilting of young shoot tips often occurs in the high summer heat and irradiance. This thesis investigated that 1) how leaf color of diffent genotypes responses to heat and light stress and 2) can artificial shading avoid overload of solar energy but maintain light above the saturation point of leaf photosynthesis to improve photosynthesis and vegetative growth in rabbiteye blueberry. Leaf temperature (TL) and gas exchange of ‘Blueshower’ open-pollinated seedlings with leaves of different shades of green were monitored. Leaf-air temperature differences (∆T) in genotypes with dark green leaves were greater than those with light green leaves before solar noon but were undistinguishable among genotypes after solar noon. There was no special correlation between leaf lightness and leaf stomatal conductance (gs) or net assimilation rate (An). Maximum An was recorded at leaf temperature around 35˚C in all genotypes. Mid-day transpiration rates (E) in genotypes with dark green leaves were higher than those with light green leaves. Consequently, water use efficiency (WUE) in genotypes with dark green leaves was lower than that with light green leaves. Container grown 3-year-old rabbiteye blueberries were lightly (20%) or moderately (35%) shaded with white knitted shade cloth and compared with the unshaded control during the summer heat. Leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, vegetative growth, and fruit yield of the following year were measured. On hot sunny days, the dark-adapted photosystem II efficiency (Fv/Fm) and quantum efficiency of photosystem II electron transport (ΦPSII) of mature exposed leaves decreased. The decreases in Fv/Fm and ΦPSII in midday were slightly smaller for ‘Blueshower’ plants under shading but were not statistically differed from the unshaded control, indicating no severe photoinhibition. The lower TL and smaller leaf-to-air vapor pressure deficit (VPDL-air) of ‘Tifblue’ under the 35% shading treatment improved leaf An and gs by 30% higher than those of the control. WUE was imporved by shading although E was not affected. the positive physiological effects of shading were only obvious in conditions with high irradiance and air temperature above 35°C. Therefore, the benefits of shading did not reflect on seasonal vegetative growth or yield of rabbiteye blueberries in northern Taiwan with a hot but frequently cloudy weather condition in the summer

鋼構吊裝混合實境多人連線演練系統研發

本研究旨在開發一套「鋼結構吊裝作業多人連線演練系統」，以提升混合實境技術在營建工程現場應用的可行性，並探討其潛在挑戰。該系統透過虛實整合的數位手段，模擬鋼結構吊裝作業，讓多位使用者能同時參與，進行協同操作與演練。此系統的設計考量了現場實際操作需求，旨在提供一個安全且高效的訓練環境，讓施工人員熟悉吊裝流程，提升團隊協作能力，並減少實際操作中的風險。此外，透過混合實境技術，使用者可以在虛擬環境中體驗真實的施工場景，進一步理解各項操作細節。本研究的成果顯示，該系統在提升施工人員技能培訓方面具有顯著成效，為未來混合實境技術在營建領域的應用提供了實質參考。補正完畢TW

動物疫病診斷鑑定技術之研發與應用

1. The foot and mouth disease (FMD) eradication program has been an important policy in Taiwan, and it leads to be recognized as a FMD free country. At present, commercialized antibody detection kits mainly use the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In this project, we are planning to develop an antibody detection kit using immunodot method. The antigen used will be expressed protein of VP1, VP2, and 3AB genes of FMD virus. This newly developed antibody detection kit will be able to be used in the field without using expansive equipment. This development should be very helpful to the execution of the FMD eradication campaign in the future. 2. HPAI of the H5 subtype has imposed a great potential threat to both the poultry industry and humans in Taiwan. To effectively monitor and manage the disease, we have previously developed a rapid virus detection kit based on the monoclonal antibodies against the HA protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype for the on-site operations of the front-line workers. To further test the sensitivity and specificity of the rapid detection kit with clinical samples, we will continue the collaboration with Animal Health Research Institute to perform the virus challenge assays with H5N2 (or H5N1) and H6 subtypes of AIV under Bio-Safety Level 3 environments. Scheduled works includes the clinical evaluation for the sensitivity, specificity of the rapid virus detection kits, as well as training and extension for the use of the kit. It is expected that the rapid virus detection kit for avian influenza virus H5 subtype will serve as a tool for the efficient, rapid and initial on-site screening of the diseases, and facilitate the effective control of the viruses to ensure the sustainable poultry industry in Taiwan. 3. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), Salmonella Typhimurium, S. Choleraesuis, Clostridium perfringens etc., are major pathogens for porcine diarrhea cases. On the other hand, Staphylococcus aureus, some Streptococcus spp. and Corynebacterium bovis may cause mastitis for bovine. In comparison with conventional PCR, Real-time PCR has recently become a popular method. It does not require the step of gel electrophoresis, is time saving, more sensitive and causes non-cross reaction. In this study, by use of SYBR Green or TaqMan Probe, we shall design Real-time PCR method for the specific detection of Salmonella Typhimurium, S. Choleraesuis, ETEC and Clostridium perfringens. Meanwhile, Real-time PCR quantation for these pathogenic bacteria will be tried since pathogenicity of bacteria is highly correlated with its cell number. Finally, we shall also try the possibility to develop a multiplex Real-time PCR system for the simultaneous detection of these diarrheagenic bacteria. Through this project, we expect to establish a rapid Real-Time PCR method which allows us to trace the cause of diarrhea and infections for porcine and thus prevents the spreading of infection. Since S. Typhimurium, S. Choleraesuis, ETEC, and C. perfringens are common pathogens for human and porcine, this method can be usd to trace the contamination sources for both human and porcine infections. Finally, we shall also try to develop a multiplex Real-Time PCR system and use it for the simultaneous detection of these pathogenic bacteria. Also, patent application and technique transfer to bioindustry will be attempted. 4. Hepatitis E is a non-A, non-B hepatitis and is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. Contamination of drinking water has become the main reason to cause outbreaks of hepatitis E in several developing countries. It is an important disease with public health concern. The mortality rate of hepatitis E is generally low, about 1% only; however, it can be more serious in一、口蹄疫抗體快速檢測試劑之研發：口蹄疫的撲滅計畫已被列為我國的重大防疫政策，而目前實驗室中對於口蹄疫的診斷方法有螢光抗體檢測法、病毒分離、RT-PCR及免疫吸附法(ELISA)等方法，以上檢測方法所需時間長，且需要特殊儀器，無法於現場使用，因此需開發一方便快速的檢驗方法，以便在現場快速檢測並立即摘除帶原者。本實驗將針對口蹄疫病毒的VP1、VP2及3AB基因，來進行原核系統的表現與純化，以開發出一種較現有檢測方法更具有經濟效益及特異性、敏感性、簡便而快速的口蹄疫抗體檢測方法以提供臨床檢測之用。本計畫將與國內知名且具高度研發生產及行銷能力佳之生物技術公司進行產學合作，利用他們的免疫墨渍檢測法平台開發出快速現場檢測口蹄疫抗體的診斷試劑套組，並期待於未來予以商品化，未來將有助於協助監測口蹄疫疫苗注射狀況，及進行現場口蹄疫病毒感染豬隻檢測與清除。 二、流感病毒H5亞型快速檢測試劑套組之實測與應用：H5亞型之高病原性家禽流行性感冒(HPAI)對台灣養禽業具極大之潛在危險，並有人畜共通疾病之隱憂。為求有效地監控此病毒，本計劃上年度已初步完成禽流感病毒H5亞型病毒快速檢測試劑套組。本年度由中興大學與家畜衛生試驗所合作，繼續以H5N2 (或H5N1)與H6N1亞型禽流感病毒進行攻毒試驗。預期將可利用禽流感病毒時體樣本完成禽流感病毒快速檢測套組之實體樣本測試與評估，並進行人員訓練與推廣工作，未來可供第一線工作人員作為現場快速病毒篩檢之基本工具，防堵病毒入侵與擴散，確保我國養禽產業之永續經營。 三、開發多套式即時聚合酶鏈鎖反應快速檢測豬下痢病原菌及牛乳房炎病原菌之技術及其應用：豬下痢及腸炎之病原菌，包括腸毒型大腸桿菌(ETEC)、沙門氏菌(如S. Typhimurium、S. Choleraesuis)、腸道螺旋體、Clostridium perfringens…等，另一方面，造成牛乳房炎的病原菌，則包括葡萄球菌、鏈球菌、棒狀桿菌、大腸菌…等。與傳統PCR比較，Real-Time PCR 不需電泳操作且靈敏度提高，受檢測菌數不必增殖，故能大大減少縮短檢測時間，並避免偽陽性的發生。因此本研究擬利用Real-Time PCR配合SYBR Green染劑或TaqMan probe方法，設計沙門氏菌屬如S. Typhimurium、S. Choleraesuis及ETEC、產氣莢膜桿菌專一性引子組及專一性TaqMan探針，用以快速鑑定禽畜類重要之感染性病原菌，由於致病性與菌量亦有相關性；因此發展同時檢測多種病原菌並定量之快速方法於防治感染是必要的。本計畫擬分年開發多套式Real-Time PCR，針對上述細菌中S. Typhimurium, S. Choleraesuis、ETEC（LT及ST）及Clostridium perfringens等設計專一性引子組及TaqMan探針，以Real-Time PCR檢測定量豬隻感染之重要病原菌。本研究預計可建立一套快速檢測豬隻下痢病原菌的即時PCR套組（Real Time PCR），了解豬隻下痢之病因，達到傳染性胃腸炎之快速防制、避免擴散等目的。S. Typhimurium、S. Choleraesuis、ETEC（含heat-liable toxin, LT, 及heat stable toxin, ST）及產氣莢膜桿菌為人畜共通病原菌，本方法亦可應用於人類、豬隻感染上述病原菌之病因，對相關傳染途徑予以控制。並可設計一套多重檢測之 Real-Time PCR套組，用於多種細菌之同時檢測。相關PCR套組可申請專利移轉生物技術產業使用。 四、人畜共通傳染病原: 豬E型肝炎病毒快速檢測技術之開發：E型肝炎是經口糞感染的非A及非B型肝炎，在開發中國家因水源遭受污染常有爆發性流行，為一重要的公共衛生疾病。E型肝炎感染者一般死亡率約在1%左右，但在孕婦，尤其第三期妊娠感染者，死亡率可達20%。E型肝炎病毒在豬隻身上亦被發現，在日本曾有因直接生食野鹿肉或野豬肝臟而導致發病死亡的病例；此病原在豬隻飼養、屠宰及獸醫師等相關人員有明顯高血清抗體陽性率。台灣豬E型肝炎病毒感染相關情形雖有部分報告，但相關的研究及疫情掌握仍有不足，為因應未來此一人畜共通傳染病及畜產品產製環境之人畜安全檢測需要，本計劃擬建立及開發豬E型肝炎病毒之快速診斷技術及試劑。 五、豬流感病毒單源抗體製備、特性分析與診斷套組開發：臺灣豬群中流行的A型流行性感冒病毒，則除了古典豬型H1N1亞型及似人型H3N2亞型之外，近期也偵測出H1N2亞型及H3N1亞型等二種新興病毒變異株。鑑於現有檢驗診斷技術方法已不足以有效偵測新型