Physiognomy Environment of the Ancient Routeway from Minzhong to Taizhong ——Concurrently Discussing the Existence of"Dongshan Overbridge"

晚更新世的最后一次冰期,当全球海平面下降到现海平面-50m左右,台湾海峡即消失。除了澎湖岛群东南部一片深海域仍为南海东北边一角外,闽-台之间成为一片洼地。这时,闽-台两地的居民互相来往已无天堑之隔,只有一条宽度不大的中心河道,渡过此河便可通达彼岸。本文全面分析了本区的自然条件、全球海平面变化和地貌冲淤环境之后认为:从福建的晋江向东,早期以航行,后来只过渡口,取道长元高地上岸可直通台中各地。这是一条便捷和安全兼备的古通道,是古人经过上万年的实践走出的一条传统的故道。此线对下一步海峡两岸进行现代化的跨海通道选线勘研有良好的导向和启迪作用。During the last ice age of the late Pleistocene,with the falling of sea level down to-50 m with respect to the present sea level,Taiwan Strait disappeared.Besides of a narrow deep sea area to the south of the Penghu Islands,the area between Fujian and Taiwan became a lowland,and except a river passing through it from north to south,the communications of people between Fujian and Taiwan became very easy.Based on a detailed analyses of the main factors,including natural conditions,sea level changes, physiognomies and sedimentation environments,it is concluded in this paper that there was an ancient routeway from Jinjiang to Changyuan High-land,and to the middle part of Taiwan.The routeway was a shortcut formed by ancient people for over 10 thousands years.The discovery will be significant to the study of a modern routeway such as a tunnel across Taiwan Strait in the future

NANDIN ISLE——A RELICT OF VOLCANIC NECK IN TAIWAN STRAIT

南碇岛是台湾海峡西部海中的火山颈之一。整个海岛由单一的橄榄玄武岩组成 ,熔岩来自地球深部的上地幔 ,陆地环境喷发。全新世海侵以来的6000～7000年时间里 ,在狂风巨浪的作用下 ,岛的周围遭受严重的侵蚀而后退。普遍的悬崖绝壁和近岸区海底广布的玄武岩石块堆积充分证明了目前的南碇岛是一个典型的蚀余火山颈。NanIsle is an outstanding volcanic neck in the area around west Taiwan Strait. It is composed of the single hexagonal prism baselt. The eruption of the volcano was during the Late Miocene Epoch atout 2×10 6 a BC. in the Early Holocen Epoch. When the sea level elevated and the transgsession came to Taiwan Strait, Nandin Isle was acted by the predominat wind EN and gale (Taifouna) erosion violent. The hight cliff and large landside were developed. Now the Isle becomes a remmant of volcanic neck and a spectaculas landscape

围滩造地——增强厦门市综合实力的又一条路

一、引言人类发展与进步的历史就是一部与自然斗争的史诗。沿海地带的居民与海斗争延续了数千年,海岛与海湾区尤为突出。从全世界范围看,围海造地是滨海居民生存的需要。在农业经济的时代,人们不得不修建堤塘以防御天灾。入海河流无论大小都要从陆地携带一定数量的泥沙,通过洪水冲到下游,除了造成平原泛滥外,大部分泥沙堆积在河口湾或三角洲区。这个过程本身就是造陆行为。加上河水带来丰富的有机溶解盐。肥沃的海积一冲积平原是农作物稳产高产的宝贵土地资源。世界各大三角洲区大都成为近代文明工业发展的基地。所以与海争地一向是沿海人口密集区和经济发达中国家一项重要的生产和科学实践

Geological Conditions of Choosing the Construction Site of the Xiamen Customs Wharf

按照厦门市规划局的安排 ,厦门海关缉私艇码头位于小学路北端 ,该处正是海堤南端的外侧 ,从海图上便可清楚看出该海域是一片高程在理论基准面零点以上的礁石群区。应用 Klein- 510型海底剖面仪探研结果获得证实 ,若不另选码头地址 ,必然带来巨大的经济损失和一系列问题。为此 ,我们提出另寻适合船只吃水和工作要求的码头地点。市政府采纳了这一建议 ,自原地向 NW方向延伸 30 0 m的次航道东侧。五年多来 ,新码头使用结果一切良好 ,对于厦门西海域今后岸线使用起了良好的先导作用。The construction site of the Xiamen Customs wharf was at first planned to be the west part of Yuandan dam,which has a large bed reef,and it should be dug out 22600 cubic meters of mud and exploded 43000 cubic meters of bed reef in order to get a four meter deep water for the front part of the wharf and the main channel.It was affirmed that the place was unsuitable for building a wharf after making 33 profile lines in the near sea areas by the Klein 510 submarine profiler.Although the mud can be dug out and the bed reef exploded,the wharf built in the place would have many troubles and unsafe factors in the future.So it is necessary to choose a new construction site of the wharf.The Xiamen municipal government agreed to change the construction site of the Xiamen Customs wharf,which is now in 300 meters northwest away from the original place.The wharf has put into operation for 5 years and shown all right.The new site for the wharf was estimated to save on 22 million yuan expenses of digging the mud and exploding the bed reef.Moreover,it made the management and usage of the wharf more convenient,and can cut down a large sum of money for maintenance of the wharf every year

Geomorphological genesis of ancient vents in Linjinyu Islet along western coast of Taiwan Strait

由纯火山岩组成的林进屿位于台湾海峡西部近岸海中 ,熔岩喷发年代为上新世 .这个典型的火山岛自早全新世海进到达这里以后的 6～ 7ka以来 ,长期处于大风浪冲击的环境而导致海岸线后退 ,并在海蚀崖滩上塑造出各种奇形怪状的火山地貌 ,裸露出一系列小型的古火山喷口群和火山颈 .研究林进屿火山岛的地貌成因不仅具有一定的科学意义 ,尤其将引起国内外地学界特别是海峡两岸学术界的兴趣 .Linjinyu Islet, located along the western coast of Taiwan Strait, is a small typical volcanic island consisted of pure volcanic rocks with a lava eruption age of Neocene. Since 6～7 ka, B. P., the early Holocene transgression reaching here, Linjinyu Islet is in an erosion environment by storm surge for a long time and the coastline retreats violently. In this condition, various spectacular volcanic morphology is formed and a series of small ancient volcanic vents and volcanic necks is exposed on the marine erosion bench and cliff of the Islet

Erosion factors and prevention engineering on Huangcuo beach of Xiamen Island

黄厝沙滩位于厦门岛的东南岸,长4.2km,走向为NE—SW.东距小金门岛4.6km.南距大担、二担等小岛4km.1956年至2001年的45a间,在优势的NE向风和浪的作用下,沙滩平均每年以约2m的速度后退.近20a来,由于人工挖砂和海岸工程不当等原因,黄厝沙滩受到更严重的破坏.在近年沿岸道路和绿化带的施工中,人为地把原来大于30°坡度的天然侵蚀陡坎削成小于10°并与沙滩连接成一个坡面的缓坡.强台风袭来时,出现了多处沙滩砂不受阻挡地冲越上马路,冲越高程超过黄零8.5~9.0m.在宽40多米的环岛路上积砂厚达8~10cm!为了有效地保护黄厝沙滩,防止海岸线继续后退,应当采取挡沙坝或"离岸坝"工程以阻止纵向泥沙搬运,同时在可能出现横向砂冲越上岸的岸段和侵蚀后退严重的岸段修建护岸和挡浪墙工程以阻挡台风时大量海滩砂向陆地冲越.Huangcuo beach is 4.2km long in the direction of NE-SW,along the southeast coast of Xiamen Island.It is 4.6km to Xiao Jinmen Islet in the east and 4km to Dadan Islet in the south.The beach has been eroded and the coast-line retreated in about 2m/a from 1956 to 2001 due to the predominant wind and wave in direction of NE.The beach erosion became acute in last 20 years due to sand explorations and unsuitable coastal engineering.The road construction along the coast had caused the slope of the bank change from >30°down to <10°.It is the same for the beach.So the bank is jointed with the beach on a same and gentle slope.As a result,a great amount of sands were transported up to 8.5～9.0m height over the sea level,and passed through the gentle slope bank and deposited in 8.0～10.0cm thickness on the road when 9914# typhoon passed.In order to protect effectively the beach and control the coast line from retreated,it is necessary to build dams,walls and other engineering to prevent or control the sand from moving

Aeolian landforms and coast evolution on Pingtan Island,Fujian Province

在台湾海峡众多的海岛中,平潭岛以风大、沙多著称.风沙作用发生在2400A b.P.左右至今,风沙作用使该岛增加了90kM2的土地.本文论述的海岛东部风沙地貌系列受nnE优势风控制,是泥砂在风和水动力作用下复合搬运与沉积的产物,以堆积型为主,伴生侵蚀-刻蚀型.风沙在七里埔、苍海造就了约14kM2的土地,在岛的中部建造了淡水湖泊“岚湖“,在田美沃留下了风蚀刻痕微地貌.此外,风沙活动还影响了海岛东部地区海岸沙滩的冲淤变化.平潭岛风沙地貌系列是台湾海峡一个独特的地质景观,其对海岸带环境变化的影响在中国东部极具代表性,在我国沿海风沙地层学和地貌学上均有较高的科研价值.Pingtan Island is famous in its strong winds and a huge amount of sands in many islands in the Taiwan Strait.The recent coastal aeolian activity on this island began 2 400 years ago.The aeolian sediments have formed about 90km2 lands on the island.This paper summarizes the aeolian geomorphic features,aeolian sedimentations and aeolian sands transportation in the east of island.Under prevailing winds,waves and currents,the aeolian accumulation formed about 14 km2 lands in Qilipu and Canhai areas,and built a freshwater lake(Lanhu) in the center of the island.The aeolian erosion produced a series of notches on the rock surface in Tianmeiwo Cape and played an important role on the beach accumulation and erosion.Pingtan Island aeolian landform series are especial geologic landscape in Taiwan Strait.The aeolian infection is typical on the changes of coastal zone environment in eastern China.They are of high scientific value in the study of stratigraphy and geomorphology

厦-金大桥两岸共同繁荣的纽带

一、引言 厦门岛与小金门之间仅隔一条宽4.5km的水 道,中间纵列一条梭形浅滩和众多的小岩岛(礁), 水深不超过20m。大小金门岛与闽南三角地区,尤 其与厦门岛的关系源远流长,亲缘关系十分密切。 历史上金门诸岛与晋江、厦门、同安的民间往来

Taiwan Shoal,a Magnitude Storage of Sand Resources

台湾浅滩的沉积物由分选优、磨圆度很好的中细砂组成,其中含有数量较丰的贝壳碎片、海滩岩和玄武岩砾等。以水深30 M计算,浅滩的总面积为1.5x104kM2。浅滩砂一直在巨大暴风浪和合成海流的作用下处于改造和运动状态,浅滩上几乎没有或极少底栖生物,可称为海底“沙漠“。由于浅滩砂数量巨大而浅滩区水浅,它将是一项潜力很大的建材砂矿资源,也是海峡两岸共同的天然财富。下一步的勘研工作必须两岸海洋科技界和产业界联合进行,这片浅滩砂必将造福于两岸人民。Taiwan Shoal is made of a huge amount of sands.Its area is about 1.5×104 km2 at a depth of 30 m.The shoal sands are composed of medium-coarse sands with good degree of sorting and psephicity,mixed up with a lot of shell fragments and gravels of beach rock and basalt.Under the action of storm waves and strong currents,the sands are always in moving.As a result,the shoal,or the so-called sea bottom dessert,is hardly for benthos living.However,it will become building material resources with great potential and benefit to Taiwan and mainland of China in future.So the scientists from two banks of Taiwan Strait should further work together to protect the resources