Study on production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels from sorbitol and mannitol

在温和条件下研究了氢碘酸还原生物质基多元醇制备液体燃料的过程,使用气相色谱质谱仪(GC-MS)和红外光谱仪(FT-IR)分析了产物组成。结果表明,山梨醇和甘露醇为原料制备的液体产物中主要成分是C_(12)H_(16)、C_(12)H_(18)、C_(12)H_(20)、C_(12)H_(22)和C_(18)H_(26)等烃类物质。通过与碱的醇溶液反应将副产物碘代烷转化为烃,经旋转蒸发和减压蒸馏获得纯净的高碳烃产品。山梨醇、甘露醇以及二者混合物制备出的高碳烃的产率分别是81.1%、73.2%和77.3%。本研究获得的高碳烃产品是一种有前景的液体燃料,其含水量为0.1%,密度为0.83~0.84 g·mL~(-1),含氧量为2.0%~2.2%,热值均高于42 MJ·kg~(-1)。This paper describes the process of sorbitol and mannitol conversion to liquid heavier hydrocarbons via reduction with hydroiodic acid under mild reaction conditions. The compositions of the obtained products were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometer( GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer( FT-IR). It is found that the products obtained from C6 polyols were mainly C_(12)H_(16),C_(12)H_(18),C_(12)H_(20),C_(12)H_(22) and C_(18)H_(26). The yields of heavier hydrocarbons from sorbitol,mannitol,and the mixture of sorbitol and mannitol were 81. 1%,73. 2%,and 77. 3%,respectively.To obtain pure hydrocarbon fuels,the obtained crude oil was treated with potassium hydroxide in an alcohol solution followed by rotary evaporation and vacuum distillation. The final liquid hydrocarbons obtained have a water content of 0. 1%,densities of 0. 83 ~ 0. 84 g·mL~(-1),oxygen content of 2. 0% ~2. 2%,and heating values > 42 MJ·kg~(-1) at room temperature,which is potentially a good transportation fuel for diesel replacement.国家自然科学基金项目(21276214

基于选择集成学习的表面增强拉曼光谱检波算法（英文）

文章提出了一种表面增强拉曼光谱的检波算法.该算法基于选择性学习和3种经典检波算法,构建了一个组合波峰检测器.结果表明,与传统算法相比,针对波峰提取,作者的算法有更好的正确率和检出...National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61472333,61772441,61472335);; Project of marine economic innovation and development in Xiamen(No.16PFW034SF02);; Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Fujian Province(No...

Experimental study on effect of Changrun Formula in regulating expression of AQP3 and AQP9 in colon mucosa of functional constipation rats

目的:观察肠润方对功能性便秘模型大鼠结肠黏膜AQP3、AQP9表达的影响,探究其调控AQP3、AQP9表达的分子机制。方法:60只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组(麻仁丸组)、肠润方组、肠润方联合P38MAPK抑制剂SB203580组。用复方地芬诺酯制造大鼠便秘模型,采用免疫组织化学及实时荧光定量PCR(q RT-PCR)检测大鼠便秘模型近端及远端结肠黏膜AQP3、AQP9的表达;Western Blot检测信号传导通路相关分子P38MAPK及P-P38MAPK的表达。结果:造模成功后,模型组近端结肠黏膜AQP3表达较空白组明显上升,而远端结肠黏膜AQP9表达较空白组明显下降(t值分别为3.148和7.069,P值均0.05)。肠润方联合P38MAPK抑制剂SB203580治疗后,近端结肠黏膜AQP3 m RNA水平显著上升(t=5.922,P0.05). The level of AQP3 m RNA in proximal colonic mucosa was significantly increased(t=5.922, P<0.01), and AQP9 m RNA was significantly decreased in distal colonic mucosa(t=4.038, P<0.01); The relative expression of P-P38/P38 protein was significantly decreased(t=19.419, P<0.01). Conclusion: The therapeutic action ofChangrun Formula on functional constipation rat models might through inhibiting the expression of AQP3 in proximal colon, and accelerating on expression of AQP9 in distal colon, and the regulating mechanism might relate with the inhibition on P38 MAPK and AKT phosphorylation.福建省自然科学基金项目(No.2012D043)~

口服益生菌改善铝诱发的小鼠海马炎症

【目的】探讨口服益生菌能否改善铝暴露诱发的小鼠海马炎症。【方法】通过给予小鼠口服氯化铝，建立海马炎症模型，将24只8周龄雄性小鼠C57BL/6随机分成对照（CON）组、氯化铝处理（Al）组、益生菌处理（PO）组和联合处理（Al+PO）组，每组各6只，分别持续给予口服氯化铝和（或）益生菌6周。海马神经炎症的评估，采用免疫荧光染色法检测小鼠海马组织中激活的小胶质细胞（Iba-1+/CD68+）数量以及脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）的表达量，酶联免疫吸附测定法检测血清和海马组织中白介素-1β（IL-1β）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的含量。【结果】免疫荧光染色法研究结果显示：与CON组相比，Al组海马组织中Iba-1+/CD68+细胞数量显著增加（<0.01），而BDNF表达量显著减少（<0.01）；与Al组相比，Al+PO组海马组织中Iba-1+/CD68+细胞数量显著减少（<0.01），而BDNF表达量增加（<0.01）。酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）研究结果显示：与CON组相比，Al组血清和海马组织中的IL-1β和TNF-α含量均有显著增加（<0.01）；与Al组相比，Al+PO组血清IL-1β含量显著减少（<0.01），海马组织中的IL-1β和TNF-α含量均显著减少（<0.01）。【结论】口服益生菌可改善铝暴露诱发的小鼠海马炎症

以β-淀粉样蛋白为靶的单价及二价真核表达载体的构建和表达

【目的】构建以β-淀粉样蛋白为靶单价及二价真核表达载体pcDNA3．1-Aβ1-42、pcDNA3．1-AB42x，并在真核细胞中表达目的蛋白。【方法】PCR法扩增编码B一淀粉样蛋白的目的基因，利用基因克隆技术构建单价及二价真核表达载体；应用酶切及测序鉴定真核表达载体构建成功后，用Western blot和细胞免疫组化染色检测其在真核细胞中的表达。【结果】相应的双酶酶切能够获得插入的目的基因片段（分别为137bp和269bp），测序未发现突变；Western blot结果可见两条约为4ku和8ku的条带，细胞免疫组化染色可见阳性细胞。【结论】单价及二价真核表达载体构建成功；真核表达载体能在真核细胞中表达出目的蛋白

ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死院前溶栓治疗中国专家共识

急性心肌梗死仍然严重威胁我国人民健康,在我国广大城乡地区,形势更为严峻[1,2]。及时救治急性心肌梗死患者,降低死亡率和保护心脏功能刻不容缓。鉴于我国的实际情况,院前溶栓治疗在大城市以外的城乡地区具有重要意义。为此,中国医师协会胸痛专业委员会及中国医学救援协会心血管急救分会专门组织有关专家制订了本共识,旨在帮助院前医疗急救人员对急性心肌梗死患者选择最佳

Preliminary study on PAH degradation by bacteria from contami-nated sediments in Xiamen Western Sea, Fujian, China

In order to estimate the biodegradation of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) compounds, bacterial strains were isolated from marine sediments in three heavily contaminated sites (Yuandang Lake, Dongdu Port and Aquacultural zones in Maluan Bay) in Xiamen Western Sea. The results show three bacterial strains, which used pyrene as the sole carbon source, were identified as strains of Aureobacterium sp., Arthrobacter sp., Rhodococcus sp. The PAH-degrading bacteria isolated had a strong ability to degrade phenan-hrene, fluoranthene and pyrene at different degradation rates. The highest degradation rate was observed when three PAH compounds were mixed with an individual strain in the medium. The three PAHs were degraded after one week with a degradation rate of 89.94 % for phenanthrene and 93.4 % for both of fluoranthene and pyrene. In addition, after 25 days of incubation, the degradation rate was 99.98 % for phenanthrene and 99.97 % for both of fluoranthene and pyrene. Optical density was measured to ..