低温恒能量同步荧光法同时快速检测食品中多种多环芳烃

恒能量同步荧光法应用于多环芳烃的检测可以提高选择性,低温可使谱带呈指纹特征,提供常温光谱无法获得的光谱细节信息,有助于实现对复杂基体中多环芳烃的检测。文章结合恒能量同步荧光扫描技术与斯波斯基低温技术,建立了食品中多种多环芳烃的低温恒能量同步荧光同时快速分析方法。对低油脂样品直接用正辛烷浸泡,高油脂样品也只需要增加皂化萃取,即可进行光谱扫描来检测食品样中的多种多环芳烃。对两种类型的实际样进行加标回收实验,回收率为80.2%～98.9%,定量工作曲线线性较好(r≥0.9938)。该方法选择性好、操作简便快捷、费用低廉

Synthesis of C-3v-(C64H4)-C-#1911 using a low-pressure benzene/oxygen diffusion flame: Another pathway toward non-IPR fullerenes

通讯作者地址: Huang, RB (通讯作者), Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, 422 S Shimin Rd, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 地址: 1. Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 2. Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 电子邮件地址: [email protected] addition to the traditional Kratschmer-Huffman graphite arc-discharge method, a combustion method has been developed to synthesize fullerenes that defy the isolated pentagon rule (IPR). The C-3v-symmetric (C64H4)-C-#1911, as well as other non-IPR fullerenes such as the possible non-IPR C-60 isomer, have been synthesized as fullerene hydrides in a low-pressure benzene/oxygen diffusion flame. The non-IPR structure of the chromatographically isolated C-64 species was unambiguously identified by its HPLC retention time, UV absorption and mass spectrum by comparison with the reference material C3v-#1911C64H4. The synthesis, isolation and identification of C-3v-(#1911) C64H4, as described in this work, show that this combustion method is successful, is energy efficient and is a promising candidate for the macroscopic synthesis of non-IPR fullerenes. (C) 2009 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 20571062 20721001 20525103 National Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China 2007CB81530

Combustion Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of the Small Hydrofullerene C50H10

通讯作者地址: Xie, SY (通讯作者),Xiamen Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 地址: 1. Xiamen Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 2. Xiamen Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Dept Chem, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 3. Xiamen Univ, Sch Life Sci, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 电子邮件地址: [email protected]; [email protected] hydrofullerene C50H10 is synthesized by low-pressure benzeneoxygen diffusion combustion. The structure of C50H10 is identified through NMR, mass spectrometry, and IR and Raman spectroscopy as a D5h symmetric closed-cage molecule with five pairs of fused pentagons stabilized by ten hydrogen atoms. UV/Vis and fluorescence spectrometric analyses disclose its optical properties as comparable with those of its chloride cousin (C50Cl10). Cyclic and square-wave voltammograms reveal that the first reduction potential of C50H10 is more negative than that of C50Cl10 as well as C60, with implications for the utilization of C50H10 as a promising electron acceptor for photovoltaic applications.973 projects 2011CB935901 NSFC 21031004 21021061 2077310

Characteristics and Its Countermeasures of Soil and Water Loss in Dongting and Poyang Lakes Basin in Middle Reaches of Yangtze River

针对两湖流域洪水频发、灾害日趋严重的问题，提出了两湖流域水土流失的５大特点及其防治对策，为区域水土流失综合防治提供了依

The Situation and Its Countermeasures of Soil and Water Lossesin Dongting and Poyang Lake Watersheds

针对两湖流域的水土流失问题，提出了两湖中上游流域塘、坝、库、堰层层拦蓄泥沙的危害及潜伏的危机，以及局部水土流失加剧的根源及其防治对策

Look at Soil and Water Conservation in Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake from 1998 Flood Disaster

分别代表洞庭湖流域和鄱阳湖流域的湖南、江西两省９０年代初已相继宣布消灭了宜林荒山，但９０年代以后“两湖”依然洪水频发，其主要原因是，两省水土流失总面积虽有所减少，而局部地区水土流失却进一步加剧，由于开发建设造成的人为水土流失与由于林种结构、林龄结构及造林方式不合理造成的林地水土流失均十分严重。５０年代以来，两省每年输入“两湖”的泥沙量基本稳定不变，主要是中上游塘、坝、库、堰等水利水保工程拦蓄的结果，为此付出的代价沉重，江西省平均每年损失库容１０４７万ｍ３，湖南省大中小型水库平均每年仅拦蓄悬移质泥沙６８６万ｔ。“两湖”流域中上游推移质泥沙数量巨大，不可忽

Effects of different patterns of surface mulching on soil hydrology in an apple orchard

为探清不同地表覆盖措施(清耕处理、生草处理、地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖和砂石覆盖)对苹果园土壤水文状况的影响,利用水分中子仪于2007年10月-2009年10月对黄土高原红富士苹果园土壤水分状况进行定位监测,并同时调查苹果产量。结果表明,果园土壤水分年周期可划分为春夏失墒期、夏秋增墒期和冬春稳墒期3个时期;3个时期中0~600 cm深土壤剖面水分均为砂石覆盖处理最低,地膜覆盖处理最高;雨季后,不同覆盖的土壤水分均得到恢复,其中,砂石覆盖处理恢复率最高(10.52%),其次为秸秆覆盖处理(9.47%),清耕处理恢复率最低(6.53%),最大恢复深度(年周期最大入渗深度)可达260 cm上下;结合产量因素得出,各处理的水分利用效率分别为,清耕处理35.75 kg/(mm.hm2)、生草处理40.31 kg/(mm.hm2)、地膜覆盖47.81 kg/(mm.hm2)、秸秆覆盖58.99 kg/(mm.hm2)、砂石覆盖80.25 kg/(mm.hm2)。所以,在黄土高原地区,砂石覆盖应是改善果园土壤水文状况的适宜地表覆盖措施

The Analysis of Weihe Flood in 2003 and Countermeasures of Flood Prevention

2003年渭河下游洪灾是渭河上中游地区生态恶化、水土流失严重,入渭泥沙增多、泥沙大量淤积在下游河道,抬高下游河床,南山支流堤防质量差和排洪通道不畅等因素所致。渭河下游防洪存在着泥沙大量淤积、河势不稳多变、南山支流堤防标准低、水患威胁日益严重等问题,渭河防洪对策是在渭河全流域开展水土流失综合治理和加高加固防洪大堤和南山支流堤防、加强河道整治工程等措施

Development Mode and Basic Implementing Approach of Regressing Arable Land to Forestry(Grass)Engineering

退耕还林 (草 )工程是改善我国生态环境的重点工程之一 ,在国家实施西部大开发过程中 ,得到了当地人民的积极响应。在可持续发展战略下的退耕还林 (草 )工程 ,既面临着巨大的挑战 ,又迎来前所未有的发展机遇。文中以生态经济学的基本原理 ,探讨了退耕还林的现状和发展模式 ,根据生态经济学的理论与方法 ,提出了相应对策

再造壮丽秀美的黄土高原宏大措施之分析

江泽民同志在１９９７年８月作了关于治理黄土高原的重要批示，为再造壮丽秀美的祖国山河和治理黄土高原指明了道路。本文根据“提出一个治理黄土高原水土流失的工程规划，争取十五年初见成效，三十年大见成效、为根治黄河作出应有的贡献”的宏大计划，实现“再造一个壮丽秀美的黄土高原”的雄伟目标，并根据黄土高原地区的实际情况，因地制宜提出了“重视水土保持工程措施，广泛应用水土保持林草措施，优化水土保持耕作措施，挖掘掘水保持农业措施”的具体对策，为决策部门提供了可靠科学依