中国海龟受威胁现状和保护建议

卫星定位追踪是目前公认的研究大型海洋生物生活习性最有效的方法之一。本文通过收集整理我国至今卫星定位追踪的59只绿海龟(Chelonia mydas)和1只蠵龟(Caretta caretta),其中包括作者未发表的定位追踪数据,辅以检索分析近年来在我国沿岸发现的海龟新闻报道,应用Arc GIS软件将海龟活动区域图示化。结果显示,这些海龟活动区域与人类活动范围高度重合。同时通过与各利益相关方的交流,归纳总结出我国海龟生存面临的6个主要威胁,包括栖息地衰退和产卵群体数量下降、渔业与航运干扰、非法贸易、水族馆和海洋馆的高需求以及饲养环境的不理想、海洋垃圾和污染以及气候变化。我国在海龟保护方面开展了一些工作,包括建立了一个国家级海龟自然保护区,开展了对目前产卵数量最多的绿海龟产卵场(西沙群岛)连续4年的常规监测,出台了一系列国家级和省级的法律法规等,但也存在许多不足之处。就此,我们提出了加强海龟栖息地保护、打击非法贸易、提升科研水平、设立数据共享平台、推动国际合作等9项政策建议,以期更好地保护海龟。农业农村部渔业渔政管理局(171821301354051007)北京市朝阳区永续全球环境研究所海龟保护项目(2018)国家海洋局项目(220203993022761133

Prediction of Energy Resolution in the JUNO Experiment

International audienceThis paper presents the energy resolution study in the JUNO experiment, incorporating the latest knowledge acquired during the detector construction phase. The determination of neutrino mass ordering in JUNO requires an exceptional energy resolution better than 3% at 1 MeV. To achieve this ambitious goal, significant efforts have been undertaken in the design and production of the key components of the JUNO detector. Various factors affecting the detection of inverse beta decay signals have an impact on the energy resolution, extending beyond the statistical fluctuations of the detected number of photons, such as the properties of liquid scintillator, performance of photomultiplier tubes, and the energy reconstruction algorithm. To account for these effects, a full JUNO simulation and reconstruction approach is employed. This enables the modeling of all relevant effects and the evaluation of associated inputs to accurately estimate the energy resolution. The study reveals an energy resolution of 2.95% at 1 MeV. Furthermore, the study assesses the contribution of major effects to the overall energy resolution budget. This analysis serves as a reference for interpreting future measurements of energy resolution during JUNO data taking. Moreover, it provides a guideline in comprehending the energy resolution characteristics of liquid scintillator-based detectors