Aerodynamic admittance of along-wind loads on tall buildings

高层建筑顺风向的脉动风荷载通常是基于准定常假设,由来流风速的功率谱密度函数和相干函数求得,其中风荷载和风速功率谱密度对气动导纳函数影响较大。依据; 10个典型高层建筑模型的同步测压风洞试验数据,对高层建筑各层高度处顺风向荷载的功率谱密度函数和气动导纳函数的特性进行分析,提出了顺风向荷载气动导; 纳函数的表达式,并针对公式中的具体参数进行了拟合。采用该表达式对一栋实际高层建筑的顺风向风致动态响应进行计算,并与其模型的试验结果进行对比。结果; 表明:高层建筑顺风向荷载的气动导纳曲线沿高度变化不大,但与其截面形状关系较大,曲线整体呈指数分布,当折减频率小于0.1时,气动导纳数值均接近于1; .0。算例结果表明,采用所建议的气动导纳拟合式计算出的风致响应结果与风洞试验计算结果较为吻合,误差在10%以内。Along-wind fluctuating loads on tall buildings are usually obtained by; power spectra and coherence functions of inflow wind velocity based on; the quasi steady theory. In this process, the aerodynamic admittance of; along-wind loads plays an important role. Ten tall building models with; different section shapes were tested using simultaneous pressure; measuring technique in a wind tunnel. According to the test data, the; power spectra and aerodynamic admittances of along-wind loads on every; layer in the terrain category B and D were analyzed in detail and the; fitting formula of the aerodynamic admittances was proposed. Parameters; in this formula were given accordingly. The wind-induced responses of an; actual high-rise building were calculated by the formula given here and; random vibration method based on wind tunnel test data respectively. The; results show that the aerodynamic admittances of along-wind loads on; different height of the same tall building have little discrepancy and; vary with the section shapes. All of the aerodynamic admittances satisfy; the exponential law and approach 1.0 when the reduced frequency is less; than 0.1. The response using present aerodynamic admittance agrees well; with one from the wind tunnel experiment and the error is less than 10%.国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点项

毕赤酵母分泌表达嵌合HEV表位的HBcAg颗粒

在毕赤酵母分泌表达嵌合有HEV受体相关表位12A10的HBcAg蛋白,经甲醇诱导后的培养液上清通过切向流浓缩、更换缓冲液后,进行疏水层析纯化.CsCl等密度梯度离心测得分泌的重组颗粒的密度为1.32 g/mL.透射电镜观察显示,纯化的重组颗粒为均一的直径30 nm左右的空心颗粒.小鼠免疫实验表明,纯化颗粒免疫8周后鼠血清中的特异性12A10抗体滴度可达到1.6×105,并且重组颗粒较好地呈递了HEV受体相关的非免疫优势表位.本文的结果为毕赤酵母胞外分泌表达其它大尺度的重组蛋白颗粒提供了参考,为研究携带表位多肽的疫苗载体提供了范例

The research of the equivalent static wind load on tall buildings

静力等效风荷载是联系风工程师和结构工程师的纽带,在国内外的风荷载规范中都具有重要意义.文章系统地介绍了国内外对高层建筑静力等效风荷载的研究成果,阐述了各种静力等效风荷载的物理意义,比较了各自的优缺点,以供我国有关研究和设计人员参考.The equivalent static wind load(ESWL) is the connection between wind engineers and structural engineers and has important meaning in the codes of the wind load at home and abroad.This paper introduces the research works in the field of the ESWL.The shortcomings and the strongpoints of every method are compared as reference for the researchers and designers in China

Visual-Verbal Intertextuality in Traditional Chinese Art：A Study of the “Fisherman-Hermit”Theme in Poetry，Prose，Calligraphy，and Painting

郭建平，东南大学艺术学院副教授，清华大学考古与艺术史研究所博士后研究人员，艺术学博士； 顾明栋，美国达拉斯德州大学人文艺术学院教授，文学博士。【中文摘要】“图文间性”是本文提出的一个新概念性范畴，用以描绘在中国艺术领域，特别是诗文书画方面普遍存在的一种艺术创造现象。探讨中国诗文书画中的“渔隐”主题，可以有助于认识这一新概念。人们常以“诗画一律”和“图文并茂”对中国艺术的“渔隐”主题进行解读。但要完成对“渔隐”母题及其相关的传统绘画意象的“阅读”，仅聚焦于图像学层面上的画面结构分析远远不 够，还须对其中的来源广泛的隐喻进行探讨，关注题材和主题的象征涵义、传统典故，甚至“政治隐情”及心态史、接受史，还有文学上的诗文唱和等哲学与美学问题。而且，在中国传统绘画中，图像的价值不仅仅是被观看，其意义的彰显还涉及作者/观者与历史、人生、社会、自然的存在关系，只有从多元媒介的多元视角探讨才能深刻理解其哲学和美学意蕴。可以说，中国诗文书画中“渔隐”主题所体现的视觉语言与文字语言的相互作用就是一种图文间性，对此进行探讨有助于构建中国特色的图像学理论。 【Abstract】“Visual-verbal Intertextuality”，a new concept proposed in this article，is employed to describe an artistic creative phenomenon commonly found in Chinese art，especially in the areas of poetry，essay，calligraphy and painting. An examination of the fisherman-hermit theme in these areas may help us better understand this new concept. People usually adopt the idea that “poetry and painting follow the same law” or “images and words mutually complement each other” to explain the fisherman-hermit theme，but to fully understand its implications and the related traditional painting images，one needs to go beyond focusing on visual analysis of the structural arrangements in terms of iconography. Moreover，it is necessary to examine its wide sources of metaphors，symbolism，allusions，as well as “hidden political themes，” history of mentality and reception，and such philosophical and aesthetic issues relating to literary conventions such as poetic exchanges between poets. In the domains of traditional Chinese painting，the value of images does not merely reside in their being viewed ； their meanings are manifested in the existential relationship between the painter/viewer on one hand and history，life，society and nature on the other. Their philosophical and aesthetic implications will be adequately understood only through investigations informed by multiple perspectives of multiple media. The mutual interaction between visual and verbal languages in the fisherman-hermit theme in Chinese art is a form of visual-verbal intertextuality， an inquiry into which will facilitate the construction of an iconology with Chinese characteristics