以人为本重构正当防卫制度

正当防卫是刑事立法一重要制度,我国刑法正当防卫制度的设计尚存不足,过分严格地要求防卫人的主观条件,同时又过度放宽防卫所保护的范围,以致两者不能很好协调。本文以人本主义为视角,对正当防卫制度进行了重构

The Criminalization and Penalization of Employing Offence

雇佣犯罪案件，日益猖獗。严格意义上说，雇佣犯罪不是一个法定的犯罪名称，也不是刑法规范意义上的犯罪，只是就司法实践中出现的一类带有雇佣性质犯罪现象的概括。目前我国法律条文对雇佣犯罪没有明确规定，相关的理论研究也较为薄弱，实践中对雇佣犯罪案件各主体如何定罪量刑，可以说是一个争议非常大的问题，成为了刑事司法实践中遇到的难题之一。对雇佣犯罪进行研究成为司法实践部门和理论界必须面对的一个重要而现实的问题。 本文包括引言、正文和结语三个部分。引言部分介绍了五个典型的雇佣犯罪案件以及目前我国雇佣犯罪案件的理论和实践状况，提出研究雇佣犯罪的现实必要性。正文紧紧围绕引言中的案件进行论述。第一章从雇佣犯罪的特征...Employing offence happens rampantly day by day. In the strict sense,it is not a legal criminal name, is also not a type of crime according to the norm of criminal law, but a summarization about current phenomena of employing criminals in practice. However, articles of law are not explicitly stipulated and its theory study is not mature so far. How to judge is a very controversial issue and people ...学位：法学硕士院系专业：法学院法律系_法学学号：1292007115019

俄语口译困境的应对策略

口译作为翻译的一种形式,由于是即时性的现场交际活动,译员须在有限的时间内完成信息的传递任务,即使译员做了充分的案前准备,在口译过程中不可预料的问题、困难均有出现的可能。在多年实践的基础上,本文总结出若干俄语口译应对策略,以期对译员应对困难和减轻心理压力有所裨益。教育部2008年人文社会科学研究青年项目“释意派翻译理论在俄语口译中的适用性研究”(08JC740031)阶段性研究成果之

Heterogeneous Electrocatalytic Reduction of Maleic Acid on Nanocrystalline TiO_2 Film Modified Ti Electrode

通过电化学合成前驱体和溶胶 -凝胶法在Ti表面修饰一层纳米TiO2 膜 ,SEM ,XRD测试表明晶型为锐钛矿型 ,晶粒平均尺寸为 2 5nm .采用循环伏安法、循环方波伏安法和电解合成法研究了纳米TiO2 膜电极在硫酸介质中的氧化还原行为以及对马来酸 (maleicacid)还原的电催化活性 .结果表明 ,纳米TiO2 膜电极在阴极扫描时有两对可逆氧化还原峰 ,可逆半波电位Er1/ 2 分别为 -0 .5 3V和 -0 .92V (vs .SCE ,扫描速度 0 .0 5V·s-1) ,对应于TiO2 /Ti2 O3 和TiO2 /Ti(OH) 3 两个氧化还原电对的可逆电极过程 .其中TiO2 /Ti2 O3 电对对马来酸具有异相电催化还原活性 ,纳米TiO2 膜中的TiⅣ/TiⅢ 氧化还原电对作为媒质间接电还原马来酸为丁二酸 (butanediacid) ,反应机理为电化学偶联随后化学催化反应 (EC′)机理 .The precursor Ti(OEt)_4 was prepared by anodic dissolution of metallic titanium in absolute ethanol and direct hydrolysis to prepare nanocrystalline TiO_2 film on titanium electrode (Ti/nano-TiO_2) by a sol-gel process. SEM and XRD were used to characterize the structure of nanocrystalline TiO_2 film (anatase, 25 nm). Redox behavior and electrocatalytic activities of the Ti/nano-TiO_2 electrode were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and cyclic osteryoung square wave voltammetry (COV) and bulk electrolysis. The results indicate that there are two pairs of well-defined redox peaks for Ti/nano-TiO_2 film electrode in 1 mol/L H_2SO_4 with E r_ 1/2 of -0.53 V and -0.92 V (vs. SCE) at 0.05 V·s -1 in correspondence with TiO_2/Ti_2O_3 and TiO_2/Ti(OH)_3 reversible electrode process and the heterogeneous electrocatalytic reduction activities of TiO_2/Ti_2O_3 redox in the electrode for maleic acid. It is found that the indirect electroreduction of maleic acid to butane diacid was achieved by Ti Ⅳ/Ti Ⅲ redox system on the nanocrystalline TiO_2 film surface, the electrode reaction mechanism is the called catalytic (EC′) mechanism.安徽省自然科学基金 (Nos.0 0 0 4 531 7,0 0 0 4 61 1 2 )资助项

在不同应激状态下MDM2 基因对Jurkat 细胞的作用

【目的】探讨MDM2 基因在不同应激状态下对T 细胞性白血病细胞株Jurkat 增殖、凋亡和基因表 达的影响。【方法】采用RNA 干扰下调白血病细胞株Jurkat MDM2 基因表达后, 用Western blot、流式细胞术等 方法检测Jurkat 细胞在不同应激状态下的变化。【结果】无应激状态下, MDM2 基因表达下降后, Jurkat 细胞增 殖减慢, 细胞周期表现一定程度的G1-S 阻滞; E2F1 表达明显降低超过78%, p65 表达下调超过58%; 细胞损 伤后, MDM2 表达下调可导致细胞损伤修复减慢, 增强紫外线和甲氨喋呤诱导凋亡作用, 导致甲氨喋呤作用下 Rb 和Bax 基因的表达相对增加。【结论】在不同应激状态下, MDM2 基因表达下降广泛影响Jurkat 细胞的增殖、 凋亡和基因表达等生物学特性, 提示MDM2 基因有可能作为T 细胞性白血病治疗的潜在新靶点

Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Glucose on Carbon Nanotube/Nanocrystalline TiO_2 Film Loaded Pt Complex Electrode

用电化学循环伏安法和计时电位法研究了葡萄糖在碳纳米管 /纳米TiO2 膜载Pt (CNT/nano TiO2 /Pt)复合电极上的电催化氧化 .结果表明 ,在碱性介质中CNT/nano TiO2 /Pt复合电极对葡萄糖的电氧化具有高催化活性 ,葡萄糖氧化峰电流密度高达 13mA/cm2 ,比铂电极上的增大一倍 ;复合电极性能稳定 ,抗中毒能力强 ,不易发生氧化振荡 ,是葡萄糖燃料电池和葡萄糖传感器的高活性催化电极 .Electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose on carbon nanotube/nanocrystalline TiO 2 film loaded Pt (CNT/nano-TiO 2/Pt) complex electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. The results indicated that CNT/nano-TiO 2/Pt complex electrode has high catalytic activity to the electrochemical oxidation of glucose in alkaline media, and the peak current density of oxidation of glucose is up to 13 mA/cm 2, which is one time higher than that on a platinum electrode. The complex electrode performance is stable, and it is strong resistant to poisoning and difficult to oxidize oscillatory. It is a highly catalytic electrode for using in glucose fuel cell and glucose sensor.安徽省自然科学基金 (No.0 0 0 4 531 7);; 安徽省高校科研基金(Nos.2 0 0 3kj1 4 1 ,2 0 0 4kj1 64zd)资助项

转染survivin对HLF细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

【【目的】 探讨survivin基因表达对人肺纤维母细胞（humanlungfibroblast，HLF）增殖、凋亡的影响。【方法】 构建survivin基因真核表达质粒peDNA3．1／SVN；利用脂质体转染法将其转入不表达survivin mRNA的HLF细胞系。连续培养10周。筛选出稳定表达的阳性克隆（HLF／SVN）及转空质粒对照（HLF／K）。用RT-PCR、免疫组化、Western blot检测细胞中survivin、bel-2和caspase3mRNA表达：通过观察细胞生长曲线、细胞凋亡指数。探讨转染survivin基因对HLF细胞生长、凋亡的影响。【结果】转染peDNA3．1／SVN后。在4、6、8和10周HLF／SVN细胞查见survivinmRNA表达；免疫组化和Westernblot见HLF／SVN细胞survivin阳性表达；转染后caspase3mRNA受到抑制，表达减弱或消失。HLF／SVN细胞凋亡指数（0．3％、1．0％、1．5％）皆低于HLF（0．9％、4．3％、2．1％）及HLF／K（0．8％、1．4％、2．8％）。细胞生长曲线示HLF／SVN细胞生长快于HLF和HLF／K，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。【结论】survivin基因能促进HLF细胞生长。可能通过抑制凋亡和促进细胞分裂而发挥作用

Heterogeneous electrocatalytic reduction of maleic acid on nanocrystalline TiO2 film modified Ti electrode

The precursor Ti(OEt)(4) was prepared by anodic dissolution of metallic titanium in absolute ethanol and direct hydrolysis to prepare nanocrystalline TiO2 film on titanium electrode (Ti/nano-TiO2) by a sol-gel process. SEM and XRD were used to characterize the structure of nanocrystalline TiO2 film (anatase, 25 nm). Redox behavior and electrocatalytic activities of the Ti/nano-TiO2 electrode were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and cyclic osteryoung square wave voltammetry (COV) and bulk electrolysis. The results indicate that there are two pairs of well-defined redox peaks for Ti/nano-TiO2 film electrode in 1 mol/L H2SO4 with E-1/2(r) of -0.53 V and -0.92 V (vs. SCE) at 0.05 V (.) s(-1) in correspondence with TiO2/Ti2O3 and TiO2/Ti(OH)(3) reversible electrode process and the heterogeneous electrocatalytic reduction activities of TiO2/Ti2O3 redox in the electrode for maleic acid. It is found that the indirect electroreduction of maleic acid to butane diacid was achieved by Ti-IV/Ti-III redox system on the nanocrystalline TiO2 film surface, the electrode reaction mechanism is the called catalytic (EC') mechanism

Electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose on carbon nanotube/nanocrystalline TiO2 film loaded Pt complex electrode

Electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose on carbon nanotube/nanocrystalline TiO2 film loaded Pt (CNT/nanoTiO(2)/Pt) complex electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. The results indicated that CNT/nano-TiO2/Pt complex electrode has high catalytic activity to the electrochemical oxidation of glucose in alkaline media, and the peak current density of oxidation of glucose is up to 13 mA/cm(2), which is one time higher than that on a platinum electrode. The complex electrode performance is stable, and it is strong resistant to poisoning and difficult to oxidize oscillatory. It is a highly catalytic electrode for using in glucose fuel cell and glucose sensor