Biodiversity of the ectomycorrhiza on the rare and endangered tree species Tuga chinensis tchekiangensis(Flous) Cheng in Wuyishan Nature Reserve

对武夷山国家级自然保护区残遗与濒危树种南方铁杉植物群落历经了6年的调查,共采集了123种外生菌根,经显微与超显微技术鉴定了84种,这一结果是迄今为止已发表的,在同一树种中菌根类型最多的记录.它不仅证明了武夷山地区的菌物区系由于处于东西相连,南北贯通的位置上,而且从区系成分上据有温热两带俱全的特点,因而形成生物多样性,并从共生菌的角度再度揭示了物种协同进化的规律.Systematic investigation was made on ectomycorrhizae in the woods of a variety of Tsuga chinensis,tchekiangensis(Flous) Cheng,in Wuyishan Nature Reserve in the past six years.During that period,120 ectomycorrhiza samples were collected and 84 types identified by analysing their macro-micro-and ultrastructure.This is the first time that so many types of mycorrhiza in the forests of the species are reported on.This result has proved Wuyishan's geographical position at the cross where a fungi growing area links the east and west,south and north.Thus the region owns the characteristics of both the temperate and the subtropical zone and it is thus such peculiarity whereby its biodiversity is created.Moreover,considering the results of this investigation in the regard of symbiosis between plants and fungi,their co-evolution is ascertained once more.国家自然科学基金资助项目(39770004);; 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(C97003,D0410002

厦门海域水体无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量的变化趋势

根据2003～2008年每年丰水期、枯水期和平水期于厦门海域开展的海洋环境调查的资料,研究了该海域水体无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量区域分布和时间变化趋势.结果表明,调查期间该海域水体无机氮和活性磷酸盐平均含量都较高,分别为0.50、0.031 mg/dm3.其营养盐含量的区域分布相差较大,其中九龙江口水体无机氮含量最高,年均含量为0.52～1.37 mg/dm3;厦门西港水体活性磷酸盐含量最高,年均含量为0.039～0.061 mg/dm3;而大嶝海域水体无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量最低,年均含量分别为0.06～0.22、0.007～0.016 mg/dm3.调查期间全海域水体无机氮含量呈逐年增加趋势,活性磷酸盐含量在2003～2005年间呈上升趋势,而2005～2008年则有小幅度的下降.厦门海域水体N/P原子比较高,调查期间全海域年均值为27.4～47.5,且呈逐年增加趋势.无机氮含量的明显增加趋势及越来越严重的N/P比失衡,势必对该海域海洋生态系统尤其是浮游植物群落演替产生不良影响.此外,研究还发现厦门海域水体无机氮含量与盐度呈高度负相关(r=-0.96,n=30).这有力地证明了九龙江径流输入是厦门海域无机氮的最主要来源

猪圆环病毒2型抗体免疫金标检测试纸的研制

应用酶联免疫原理和胶体金层析技术,采用特殊的生产工艺,在玻璃纤维膜包被胶体金标记PCV-2抗原,在硝酸纤维素膜上检测线和对照线处分别包被PCV-2抗原和兔抗PCV-2抗体,制成猪圆环病毒2型抗体免疫金标检测试纸。当待检样品阳性时,在检测线处形成抗原抗体的免疫复合物而凝聚显色;当待检样品阴性时,检测线处不形成抗原抗体免疫复合物不显色。整个试验过程只需15min。试纸与ELISA试剂比较,两者都具有微量、特异、准确的优点,且金标试纸独具操作方便、快速和结果直观、容易判定的优点

中国东南沿海港口外轮压舱水生物的调查

随机选取东南沿海港口的17艘外来船舶(含8条集装箱船和9条散货船)作为监测对象,进行压舱水浮游植物及动物的物种鉴定和丰度测定,并对监测数据进行统计学分析。检出分属于7个浮游植物门类和5个动物门类的309种外来压舱水生物(包括60种赤潮生物)。外轮压舱水生物的分布及生存状态与水样的水龄和盐度相关。船舶压舱水排放是大家熟知的外来水生生物入侵的主要媒介。本调查结果表明,中国东南沿海外来散货船的压舱水排放所具的潜在生物入侵风险比集装箱船更应受关注

Study and apply for detection of pestissuum antibody by colloidal gold strip

以猪瘟抗原包被硝酸纤维素膜的检测区,在其下端附着胶体金标记的猪瘟抗原,组成免疫金标试纸条,根据胶体金免疫层析原理,用该试纸条建立检测猪瘟抗体水平的免疫金标检测法。再用本试纸条检测法与Dot-ELISA及间接血凝法对298份猪、鸡、鸭、鹌鹑、兔、鼠、羊血清进行猪瘟抗体检测,结果符合率达100%。试验结果表明,本法与Dot-ELISA及间接血凝法一样特异、敏感和微量,而且检测时间短、直观,结果容易判定,适用于大面积猪瘟抗体监测普查。Based on the principle of colloidal g old im-munochromatography,a strip employ ing colloidal gold technique was prepared and applied t o the detection of an-ti -pestissuum antibody.Detection region of the cellulose membrane was coated by pestissuum an tigen.Which is an bad with colloidal gold wsa attached in the area under the detection region.Anti -pestissuum antibody in 298sera sample obtained from pig,chicken,d uck,quail,rabbitand goat was detected by the strip,Dot -ELISA and indirect agglunation method.Result achieved from the methods mentioned above are in complete agre ement.It shows that the method established in this paper bears the same merits as that of the Dot -ELISA and indirect agglunation meth-ods,which is as follows:It can be emp loyed in micro -analysis and observed directly,the result is easy to be jus-tified;it is time saving,and with hi gh speccifity and sensi-tivety.This method is applicable fo r the detection of pestissuum antibody in a wide areas a nd can be applied to the general survey of pestissuum dis ease

Study and Apply of Colloidal Gold Strip in Detecting the Antibody of Food and Mouth Disease

应用免疫学原理与胶体金层析技术,采用双抗原夹心ELISA建立了检测口蹄疫(O型)抗体水平的“口蹄疫抗体(O型)免疫胶体金快速检测试纸法”。应用该法与“口蹄疫正向间接血凝抗原法”对300份猪、鸡、鸭、牛、羊等血液或血清进行口蹄疫抗体水平检测试验,符合率达100%。试验结果显示,该法与间接血凝法一样,具有微量、特异、准确等优点,且操作简易,不需要任何仪器,检测时间短,结果直观,容易判定,适用于基层兽医站、养猪场使用和大面积口蹄疫抗体普查。Based on the principle of colloidal gold immunochromatography,a test strip was prepared and applied in detecting the antibody of food and mouth disease(type O).The test result was coincidence with indirect hemagglutination method in examination of 233 blood or sera samples obtained from pig,chicken,duck,cattle and goat.It shows that this strip has the same merits as that of the indirect hemagglutination test in microanalysis,high specialty and accurate.No special instrument was needed and the test can be completed easily in a short time.So it can be used in common animal hospital,hoggery and the general survey of food and mouth disease

海洋平台的健康监测技术与安全评估研究

本研究针对海洋平台的安全监测开展了成套技术研发。本报告主要记载了以下研究内容的研究过程、方法和结果： 1）基于Bragg光纤光栅（FBG）的高精度、长寿命、高可靠性海洋平台的结构健康（安全）监测传感系统，包括应变、加速度、位移、温度等系列光纤传感器和水下传感网络的密封、机械保护等； 2）结构整体、构件和局部热点部位多层次损伤反演理论和技术，包括基于FBG的应变模态损伤识别技术、相空间法损伤识别技术和局部热点损伤重构及成像技术； 3）结构安全状况和残余寿命的动态评估方法； 4）基于人工智能技术的结构安全评估专家系统； 5）海洋平台健康监测软硬件技术系统集成。 本技术可实现海洋平台的全天候、全方位自动化安全监测，显著提高结构的安全保障水平；同时可实现基于安全状况的海洋平台维修策略和方案，从而节约安全管理成本；可准确把握海洋平台的实际寿命，延长安全服役期

Advances in the research of methane oxidation in forest soils

甲烷是一种重要的温室气体,对全球气候变暖的贡献仅次于CO2,约为25%。大气甲烷可以被土壤中甲烷氧化细菌在有氧条件下吸收利用,陆地生态系统森林土壤氧化吸收甲烷的研究已有大量报道。甲烷氧化菌是以甲烷作为唯一的碳源和能源的一类细菌的总称。但森林土壤在全球甲烷核算中具有一定的不确定性,取决于产甲烷菌和甲烷氧化菌的相对活性。甲烷氧化菌的研究集中在环境对氧化能力的影响和自身氧化能力上。大气甲烷氧化过程为高氧化能力低亲力氧化,受到一些因子,如土壤温度、土壤通气状况、pH、氮肥等的影响,具体机理的研究还有待进一步深入。土壤通气状况受土壤质地与土壤水分影响,土地利用类型可能改变土壤容重、土壤结构和土壤水分,进而影响土壤甲烷氧化。植物可以通过自身对生境的作用或化感作用影响土壤甲烷氧化。土壤动物的研究则相对较少,目前排放清单中仅有白蚁是全球甲烷核算所包括的。从甲烷氧化菌的分类出发,对甲烷氧化菌氧化甲烷的机理、菌的生态分布及甲烷氧化的影响因素、时空异质性、观测方法等作出了综述,为正确认识和准确预测森林土壤在一定气候和土地利用类型条件下的甲烷氧化强度提供理论依据

Preparation of Temperature-sensitive Polymer with Regulated Phase Transition Temperature and Its Application in the Fluoroimmunoassay

合成了一种新型的快速响应热敏高分子聚N 异丙基丙烯酰胺 丙烯酰胺 [P(NIP co AA) ],通过改变丙烯酰胺的含量可以改变高分子的临界溶解温度 (LCST) ,使之用于不同用途。其中 ,将相转变温度 (Ttr)在37℃的热敏高分子用于免疫分析的载体 ,建立了夹心型荧光免疫分析兔IgG的新方法。与聚N 异丙基丙烯酰胺 (PNIP)作载体相比 ,两者灵敏度相当 ,但由于相转变温度的提高 ,使得免疫反应的温度更接近于生物体的生理环境 ,并使免疫反应速率得到提高。该方法线性范围为 0～ 10 0 0 μg L ;检出限为 10 μg L。用于兔血清中兔IgG的测量 ,结果令人满意A novel temperature sensitive polymer, poly(N isopropylacrylamide co acrylamide) [P(NIP co AA)], was synthesized. Its lower critical solution temperature (LCST) could be regulated by changing the content of acrylamide for different purposes. The P(NIP co AA) with phase transition temperature ( T tr )of 37℃ was used as a separating carrier for the reactants in immunoassay and a sandwich fluorescence immunoassay for rabbit IgG was established. The sensitivity of this method was comparable to that using poly N isopropylacrylamide(PNIP) as a carrier. However, owing to the elevation of T tr of the polymer, the immunoreaction could be carried out at a temperature closer to the physiological environment of organism and the rate of immunoreaction was faster. The linear range of determination was 0～1000 μg/L and the limit of detection was 10 μg/L. This method has been applied to the determination of the rabbit IgG levels in rabbit serum with satisfactory results.教育部博士点基金 (2 0 0 0 0 3 840 );; 福建省自然科学基金 (0 0 110 0 0 2