Changes on community structure and population of phytoplankton in aqua-cultural area of Daya Bay 2003～2004

2003年4月至2004年4月对大亚湾赤潮高发区澳头海域进行了浮游植物群落周年调查和分析。共鉴定浮游植物57属118种。其中硅藻为优势类群,共42属84种,占总种类数的71.2%;甲藻11属27种。浮游植物数量分别在春末夏初,秋末冬初出现两个高峰值,年均值为5.68×105/L。角毛藻属为全年优势属,平均占浮游植物数量的35.4%。Shannon-Weaver多样性指数和均匀度的年平均值分别为2.0和0.44。该海域共发现赤潮生物58种,锥状斯氏藻是最常见的甲藻赤潮生物,2003年8月该藻与海洋卡盾藻在澳头海域首次引发甲藻和针胞藻双相型赤潮。The composition and seasonal succession in Aotou,an high frequent harmful algal bloom occurrent area in Daya Bay,the South China Sea,were investigated from Apr.2003 to Apr.2004.118 species in total,57 genera were recorded.Diatoms(84 taxa) were the largest group and accounted for 71.2%,followed by dinoflagellates(27 taxa).The dominant population in the area was species of Chaetoceros,and it accounted for 35.4% of the total phytoplankton.The model of quantitative variation was the two-peak type,which appeared in early summer and late autumn.The diversity indexes(H′) and evenness(J) of phytoplankton were 2.0 and 0.44,respectively.58 harmful or potentially harmful species were identified.Scrippsiella trochoidea was common HAB causative species,and caused bilateral red tide with Chattonella marina on Aug.2003.国家自然科学基金(30370115);; 广东省科技攻关项目(200113);; 广州市科技计划项目(2003z3-c7361

Study on stress status of P in phytoplankton in Xiamen Harbor

通过检测碱性磷酸酶活性(APA)及相关理化因子,研究2002~2004年间,厦门港浮游植物的P生理状态的变化。结果表明,厦门港总APA变化范围0.92~9.50 nMOl/(l.H),在不同的季节及区域,浮游植物遭受不同程度的P胁迫。厦门外港的年平均APA高于西港和浔江港,表明浮游植物遭受的P胁迫程度较深。在厦门港赤潮爆发时,P将成为浮游植物进一步生长繁殖的限制因子。During 2002～2004,the bulk alkaline phosphatase activity(APA) and other environmental parameters in the Xiamen Harbor were analyzed to understand the spatial and seasonal variations of phosphorus(P) status in phytoplankton in this sea area.The results showed that the range of bulk APA varied between 0.92～9.50 nmol/(L h) in the Xiamen Harbor.Phytoplankton was different degrees of P stress in different seasons and zones.The annual average APA in the Outer Xiamen Harbor was higher than the Western Xiamen Harbor or the Xunjiang Harbor which meant that phytoplankton in the Outer Xiamen Harbor was more severe P stress.P is considered to be the limiting nutrient once algal blooms occur in the Xiamen Harbor.国家自然科学基金项目(40806058;U0733006);广东省自然科学基金项目(7300662

Species composition and ecological distribution of planktonic diatoms in the Changjiang River estuary during Spring

20 0 2年春季 ,在长江口附近海域典型赤潮高发区 2 8个大面站位采集了 5 3个样品 ,从中共鉴定出隶属于 31个硅藻属的 80个种和变种 ;其中种类多样性较高的属为圆筛藻属 (Coscinodiscus) ,有 17个种 ,斜纹藻属 (Pleurosigma) ,有 8个种和变种 ;数量上较优势的种为柔弱拟菱形藻 (Pseudo nitzschiadeli catissma) ,为 3.4 8× 10 3 cells·L-1,占 2 8.5 4 % ;具槽直链藻 (Melosirasulcata) ,为 1.4 3× 10 3 cells·L-1,占16 .98% ;尖刺拟菱形藻 (Pseudo nitzschiapungens) ,为 0 .71× 10 3 cells·L-1,占 9.85 % .它们在大部分站位中都有出现 ;柔弱拟菱形藻和尖刺拟菱形藻的高细胞密度区主要出现在 12 30E断面的站位 ,而具槽直链藻则主要出现在长江口的 31～ 32°N断面的站位 .浮游硅藻总细胞丰度变化于 0 .4 3× 10 3 ～ 2 3.3× 10 3 cells·L-1,平均 4 .6 1× 10 3 c... 【英文摘要】 water samples were collected from 28 stations in typical regions where redtide frequently occurred in the Changjiang River estuary during Spring, 2002. In total, 80 diatom species and varieties belonging to 31 genera were identified, among which, genera with high species biodiversity included Coscinodiscus which contained 17 species and Pleurosigma which contained 8 species and varieties. Quantitative analysis of diatom cell density showed that Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissma (3.48×10 3cells·L -1, 28.54%...国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目 ( 2 0 0 1CB40 970 1)

Redescription of Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu and comparison with relevant Prorocentrum species

分析了东海原甲藻 (ProrocentrumdonghaienseLu)显微结构 ,并与具齿原甲藻 (Prorocentrumden tatumStein)模式种和Schiller的钝头原甲藻的描述等进行了比较 ,结果表明 ,它们之间的形态结构和个体大小具有很大的差别 ,这些差异远超出了同种个体因环境不同所造成的形态变化范围 .从细胞形态及其表面结构可以判断 ,日本、韩国海区所记录并报道的“P .dentatum”与我国东海的东海原甲藻应属同一种 .因此可以认为 ,我国东海赤潮高发区以及在韩国、日本海区的出现的高生物量 (highbiomassbloom formingspecies)赤潮原甲藻不是Stein所发表的具齿原甲藻 ,而是东海原甲藻 ,并对其进行了进一步修订 ,其种名应为东海原甲藻ProrocentrumdonghaienseLu . 【英文摘要】 In this paper,the detailed morphology of Prorocentrum donghaiense was studied.Taxonomic comparison was made between P.donghaiense and other relevant Prorocentrum species. The results suggested that distinct differences existed among them with respect to their conservative characteristics of morphology and cell sizes. This kind of discrepancy was far beyond that of individual variations within same species due to environmental factors. Therefore, the high biomass bloom-forming species in the East China Sea w...国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 ( 2 0 0 1CB40 970 0 );; 中德合作资助项目 (CHN0 0 10 2 2 )

硅藻及其经济意义

<正> 硅藻門(以前称矽藻門)植物种类和数量很多,分布也很广,但由于它較为微小及研究起来比較麻煩,它的分类工作一向被認为是不易进行的工作,对硅藻的利用也就研究得很少。在我国大跃进的今天,藻类利用已为中国科学院水生生物研究所揭开了光荣的序幕。笔者介紹硅藻的目的除了要简单地介紐它的形态之外,特別希望在硅藻利用方面提出来引起读者們加以重視。一、硅藻的一般特征及其形态学硅藻是單細胞的有机体,它們大多数是單生的,也有一些可以形成各种样子的群体。硅藻的主要特征是有由兩片合成的硅質細胞壁,同时色素体中含a-,c-叶綠

Research on competiting growth of some harmful algae to phosphate in co-exist bath incubation

采用批次培养方式,研究混合培养的几种赤潮藻东海原甲藻(PrOrOCEnTruM dOngHAIEnSE)与中肋骨条藻(SkElETOnEMA COSTATuM)及东海原甲藻与链状亚历山大藻(AlEXAndrIuM CATEnEllA)对溶解无机磷源的竞争生长响应。结果表明,在富磷及贫磷的培养条件下,中肋骨条藻的比生长率远超过东海原甲藻,而成为培养体系中的绝对优势种。在东海原甲藻与链状亚历山大藻的混合培养体系中,原甲藻大量死亡,可能存在亚历山大藻对原甲藻的他感作用。培养体系中,碱性磷酸酶活性随藻类磷胁迫而显著升高,可能在后期种群利用代谢有机磷源时发挥重要作用,且在不同培养体系中表现出酶活性大小及状态的差异性,该结果可能影响浮游植物对有机磷源的利用效率。The co-exist batch incubation experiment of harmful algae Prororenctrum donghaiense & Skeletonema costatum(PS) and P.donghaiense & Alexandrium catenella were carried out to study the competiting growth response of these species to phosphate.The results showed that the growth rate of S.costatum was far higher than that of P.donghaiense whatever in the P-rich or in the P-scarce condition and became the absolutely dominant species.While in the co-exist culture of P.donghaiense and A.catenella,P.donghaiense went death and this might be due to the allelopathy of A.catenella.Alkaline phosphatase activity(APA) increased greatly with P stress and might play an important role in controlling population competition via hydrolyzing metabolized dissolved organic phosphorus in the latter period.国家自然科学基金项目(40806058);广东省自然科学基金项目(7300662

STUDIES ON DINOFLAGELLATE CYSTS AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION IN XIAMEN WESTERN HARBOUR

采用超声波分离、网筛 ( 2 8μm和 95 μm)过滤、重液 (CdI KI)浮选等方法 ,对采自厦门西港的 7份沉积物样品进行了分析鉴定。结果表明 ,厦门西港有甲藻孢囊 5属 1 0种 ,其中小型亚历山大藻 (Alexandriumminutum)为中国沿海首次记录。沉积物中甲藻孢囊数量范围为1 8.2— 1 38ind/g沉积物 (湿重 ) ,高数量密集区主要分布在内湾水域 ;表层至表层以下 2cm沉积物中的孢囊数量明显多于 3— 5cm底层的。孢囊数量的分布格局与本港的地形、水交换条件密切相关 ,不同的养殖类型对孢囊的沉降和积累也有重要影响。Sediment samples collected from seven stations in Xiamen Western Harbour were processed qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on morphological characters of the cyst and motile cells germinated from some specimens, 10 species of cysts that belong to 5 genera were identified, of which Alexandrium minutum was firstly recorded in China seas. The number of dinoflagellate cysts ranged from 18.2-138 cells per gram of wet sediment. There was a higher concentration of cysts in the inner harbour. The cysts in the 0-2cm section of sediment below the bed were much more abundant than that in the 3-5cm section within the core. The pattern of cyst distribution is much concerned with the topography and water exchange conditions in the harbour, and also with a variety of marine culture activities that may have an important impact on the cyst depository and accumulative process.“九五”国家自然科学基金重大项目 3 9790 1 1 0号 ;; 福建省自然科学基金“重中之重”项目资

一种棕囊藻的形态特征与毒素分析

于1997年11月，在广东省汕头地区饶平县海面采集棕囊藻，采用显微观察和光谱分析方法，进行形态特征与毒素结构的研究。结果表明，该种藻具有两种不同的藻体形态：一种是不运动的球形群体（直径0．1一3cm），外具胶质被，群体内的细胞有近千至数万个，每个细胞（直径3－7．5μm）有2－3个黄褐色的叶绿体；另一种是游动的单细胞，具有两根几乎等长的鞭毛和一根短的定鞭丝（也称为附着鞭毛或触丝），常呈球形。将反复冻融或冷冻干燥的藻细胞经有机溶剂提取，用新鲜牛血球测定显示出具有强的溶血毒素特性。溶血毒素经硅胶柱层析纯化，

中国海区几种隐藻类鞭毛藻的扫描电镜观察(英文)

报道了来自香港吐露港、中国长江口及厦门港的3个属的3种隐藻及1个变种, 即半片藻Hemiselmis sp. Novarino、伸长斜片藻Plagioselmis prolonga Butcher ex Novarino, Lucas & Morrall、伸长斜片藻北方变种Plagioselmis prolonga var. nordica Novarino, Lucas & Morrall、尖尾全沟藻Teleaulax acuta (Butcher) Hill, 并对每个种类的分类特征、生态分布进行描述, 同时提供每个种的光镜和扫描电镜照片。其中, 半片藻属Hemiselmis Parke是中国海区首次记录的属, 而伸长斜片藻Plagioselmis prolonga和尖尾全沟藻Teleaulax acuta可以引发赤潮